Patients' perceptions of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis.

The aim of this study is to evaluate patients' perception of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the management of chronic periodontitis. 90 patients (51 females and 39 males) with untreated localized chronic periodontitis were randomly assigned to receive SRP with aPDT (test group) or SRP alone (control group) in a single-centered double-blinded randomized and controlled clinical trial. Patients' perception in terms of changes in bleeding gums, pain in gums while chewing, bad breath and sensitive gums along with pain during the procedure and patient acceptance were recorded for 6 months after treatment by a periodontist who was blinded to the procedure.

Detection and quantification of dental plaque based on laser-induced autofluorescence intensity ratio values.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of laser-induced autofluorescence (LIAF) spectroscopy to detect and quantify dental plaque. LIAF spectra were recorded in situ from dental plaque (0–3 grades of plaque index) in 300 patients with 404 nm diode laser excitation. The fluorescence intensity ratio of the emission peaks was calculated from the LIAF spectral data following which their scatter plots were drawn and the area under the receiver operating characteristics were calculated.

Antimicrobial photodynamic efficiency of novel cationic porphyrins towards periodontal Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

The Gram-negative Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum are major causative agents of aggressive periodontal disease. Due to increase in the number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, antimicrobial Photodynamic therapy (aPDT) seems to be a plausible alternative. In this work, photosensitization was performed on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in pure culture using new-age cationic porphyrins, namely mesoimidazolium-substituted porphyrin derivative (ImP) and pyridinium-substituted porphyrin derivative (PyP).

In vivo inflammation mapping of periodontal disease based on diffuse reflectance spectral imaging: a clinical study.

Since conventional techniques using periodontal probes have inherent drawbacks in the diagnosis of different grades of gingival inflammation, development of noninvasive screening devices becomes significant. Diffuse reflectance (DR) spectra recorded with white light illumination is utilized to detect periodontal inflammation from the oxygenated hemoglobin absorption ratio R620/R575. A multispectral imaging system is utilized to record narrow-band DR images at 575 and 620 nm from the anterior sextant of the gingivia of 15 healthy volunteers and 25 patients (N=40).