Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy may support early diagnosis of glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare image characteristics of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) between glaucoma patients and healthy controls using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional pilot study with two groups: a glaucoma group with patients with moderate or severe glaucoma as per the Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson classification system and a control group with healthy individuals. The optic nerve damage in moderate glaucoma was predominantly located in only one hemisphere; the other hemisphere was un- or minimally affected on optical coherence tomography and automated perimetry and is referred to as early glaucoma.

Modifications to Combined Trabeculectomy and Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery: Outcomes and Adaptability in Resource-constrained Areas.

Precis: We describe standardization and simplification of classic trabeculectomy combined with manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) to effectively manage the 2 leading and often coexisting causes of blindness and vision impairment in resource-constrained areas.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe modifications to trabeculectomy combined with MSICS and report on the outcomes of this technique. The modifications consist of standardization and simplification of the surgical steps.

Comparison of Saccadic Eye Movements Among the High-tension Glaucoma, Primary Angle-closure Glaucoma, and Normal-tension Glaucoma.

Prcis: Saccadic eye movements were compared between high-tension glaucoma (HTG), normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Saccades were differently affected between the subtypes of primary glaucoma.

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare saccadic eye movements in eyes with HTG, PACG, and NTG.

Estimation of Goldmann applanation tonometer intraocular pressure (IOP) from scleral Schiotz IOP values in eyes with type-1 keratoprostheses.

Purpose: To validate estimation of Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) intraocular pressure (IOP) from scleral Schiotz IOP measurements using a regression model in normal eyes and eyes with type-1 keratoprostheses.

Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, cohort-1 had 253 normal anterior segment eyes, and cohort-2 had 100 eyes with type-1 keratoprostheses. Scleral Schiotz IOP measurements were used (in a non-linear model) to predict GAT IOP values for these eyes.

Visual impairment in pseudoexfoliation from four tertiary centres in India.

Purpose: To analyse the disease burden of pseudoexfoliation (PXF) disease stages from East and South India.

Design: Prospective hospital based study of patients seen at 4 tertiary centres.

Subjects, Participants, And/or Controls: Consecutive old and new patients of pseudoexfoliation with normal intraocular pressure (IOP), raised IOP (PXF with Ocular hypertension, OHT) and irreversible disc/field changes (pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, PXG) seen from April 2016-March 2017 at a tertiary centre in Odisha, East India and 3 centres in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, South India, recruited into the prospective study were screened for baseline characteristics.

LVPEI Glaucoma Epidemiology and Molecular Genetic Study: teleophthalmology screening for angle-closure disease in an underserved region.

Objectives: To assess the ability of teleophthalmoscopic grading of peripheral anterior chamber depth (PACD) using the van Herick (vH) technique in detecting gonioscopically occludable angle; and to determine whether combining results from vH grading and ocular biometry can improve the accuracy to diagnose gonioscopically occludable angle METHODS: This cross-sectional study was an offshoot of a rural population-based study, Glaucoma Epidemiology and Molecular Genetic Study (GLEAMS). A masked urban ophthalmologist graded digital slit lamp photographs of PACD by vH technique. Sussman four-mirror lens was used to perform dark room indentation gonioscopy.

Comparison of peripapillary and subfoveal choroidal thickness in normal versus primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) subjects using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Objective: To elucidate the difference between choroidal thickness (CT) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal subjects and to compare the CT measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Methods And Analysis: This cross-sectional observational study included 25 eyes of 17 POAG subjects (cases) and 31 eyes of 20 normal subjects (controls). All the patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination, enhanced depth imaging, SD-OCT and SS-OCT.

Combination of Simple Diagnostic Tests to Detect Primary Angle Closure Disease in a Resource-constrained Region.

: To report on diagnostic accuracy of van Herick (vH) technique performed by a vision technician (VT) as well as on efficacy of a combination of vH technique and central anterior chamber depth (ACD) in detection of primary angle closure disease.: Data was obtained from two cohorts; rural clinic setting (n = 111), and rural population-based research setting (n = 888). Van Herick grading was performed by a VT in first cohort and a glaucoma specialist in second cohort.

Toward Better Health Outcomes in Rural and Under-served Areas: L. V. Prasad Eye Institute's Diagonal Model of Glaucoma Care.

: L. V. Prasad Eye Institute has adopted horizontal approach of eye care delivery for the past 22 years at one of its rural secondary centers.

Steroid-induced glaucoma and blindness in vernal keratoconjunctivitis.

Purpose: To report the clinical features, treatment outcomes and blindness associated with steroid-induced glaucoma in vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Materials And Methods: Records of patients with VKC, who visited our tertiary centre from 1992 and 2009, were reviewed and those with steroid-induced glaucoma were included in the study. Glaucoma was diagnosed based on intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥22 mm Hg on two consecutive visits (ocular hypertension) and/or glaucomatous optic disc damage.

Comparison of Visual Field Progression Rates Among the High Tension Glaucoma, Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma, and Normal Tension Glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare the visual field (VF) progression among high tension glaucoma (HTG), primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), and normal tension glaucoma (NTG) subjects in routine clinical care.

Methods: All patients had ≥5 VF tests using HFA, 24-2, SITA-standard strategy. We compared the progression between glaucoma subtypes after matching the VFs for baseline severity (mean deviation [MD]) and the age at presentation.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Van Herick Technique to Detect Pre-Disease States of Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma in a Resource Constraint Region.

Objectives: To critically evaluate diagnostic accuracy of the van Herick (vH) technique in detection of gonioscopically occludable angle in a rural population and to explore ways to improve accuracy of the technique Methods: The study cohort was formed by two-stage cluster random sampling. Peripheral anterior chamber depth grading was performed, using both traditional and modified (photographic comparison) vH techniques, under dark adapted and standard lighting conditions by a comprehensive ophthalmologist masked to the clinical features. The cut-off criterion for vH test was 25% of peripheral corneal thickness.

Prevalence of Primary Glaucoma as Diagnosed by Study Optometrists of L. V. Prasad eye Institute - Glaucoma Epidemiology and Molecular Genetics Study.

Purpose: To report the prevalence of primary glaucoma as identified by study optometrists of the L. V. Prasad Eye Institute - Glaucoma Epidemiology and Molecular Genetics Study (LVPEI-GLEAMS).

Outcomes of Silicone Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation in Refractory Pediatric Glaucoma.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes of Silicone Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) implantation in the management of refractory pediatric glaucoma.

Methods: Between 2007 and 2015, 76 eyes of 64 children aged 16 years or younger underwent AGV implantation. We included 65 eyes of 53 children with follow up ≥6 months; 24 eyes had primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and 41 eyes had secondary pediatric glaucoma (SPG).

Is Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Consistent in Performance?

Purpose: To investigate the mechanism of action and consistency in flow characteristics of the Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) under simulated physiological conditions in-vitro and to evaluate whether resistance during priming has any effect on performance of the device.

Methods: Each newly opened AGV device was connected to a digital manometer and was primed with normal saline. The device was then placed in a saline bath and connected to an open manometer, a digital manometer, and an infusion pump.

Comparison of Scleral Tono-Pen Intraocular Pressure Measurements with Goldmann Applanation Tonometry.

Significance: Measuring the intraocular pressure (IOP) on the sclera can be an alternative to conventional corneal measurement in eyes with scarred corneas. However, these measurements have to be evaluated prior in normal eyes. Our study aimed to evaluate scleral IOP using Tono-Pen and compared it with corneal Goldmann applanation measurements.

Comparison of the New Low-Cost Nonvalved Glaucoma Drainage Device with Ahmed Glaucoma Valve in Refractory Pediatric Glaucoma in Indian Eyes.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of a nonvalved glaucoma drainage device (the Aurolab aqueous drainage device [AADI] with a valved glaucoma drainage device (the Ahmed glaucoma valve [AGV]) in refractory pediatric glaucoma.

Design: Retrospective interventional case series.

Participants: One hundred sixteen eyes of 97 children with refractory pediatric glaucoma.

Outcomes of Bleb Repair for Delayed Bleb Leaks and Sweating Blebs.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of bleb repair for delayed onset leaking blebs and sweating blebs following glaucoma filtering surgery.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of 76 eyes of 76 subjects that underwent bleb repair for either leaking bleb or sweating bleb between 1990 and 2015 were reviewed. Complete success was resolution of bleb leak and or hypotony with intraocular pressure ≥5 and ≤21 mm Hg with no antiglaucoma medication.

Outcomes of lensectomy and risk factors for failure in spherophakic eyes with secondary glaucoma.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of lensectomy in spherophakic eyes with subluxated or dislocated crystalline lenses and secondary glaucoma.

Methods: Lensectomy was performed in 52 eyes, 36 eyes with lens subluxation and 16 eyes with lens dislocation with secondary glaucoma from 1991 to 2016. Glaucoma was diagnosed based on intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥22 mm Hg and/or glaucomatous optic disc damage.

Intermediate Term Outcomes of Early Posttrabeculectomy Bleb Leaks Managed by Large Diameter Soft Bandage Contact Lens.

Purpose: To study the outcomes of large diameter soft bandage contact lens (BCL) in managing early trabeculectomy bleb leak.

Materials And Methods: Of 972 eyes that underwent fornix-based trabeculectomy between 2011 and 2015, 19 eyes with bleb leak with at least 1 year follow-up were eligible. Bleb leak was conservatively managed using large diameter BCL (≥15.

Glaucoma associated with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome in 203 Indian subjects.

Purpose: To report the demographic profile, clinical features, and prevalence of glaucoma and its management in patients with Iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome.

Methods: Retrospective review of 203 consecutive subjects with ICE syndrome at a tertiary eye care centre between January 1988 and June 2013.

Results: ICE syndrome was present in 223 eyes of 203 subjects, 124 (61%) were female and 79 (39%) were male.