Complete Stone Clearance after Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery among Patients with Urolithiasis in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Retrograde intra-renal surgery using flexible scopes and laser energy is a newer alternative in stone disease treatment armamentarium. It is claimed to be superior to other modalities for stone clearance, complications and hospital stay. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of complete stone clearance after retrograde intra-renal surgery among patients with urolithiasis in a tertiary care centre.

Association of SUMOylation Pathway Genes With Stroke in a Genome-Wide Association Study in India.

Objective: To undertake a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic variants for stroke in an Indian population.

Methods: In a hospital-based case-control study, 8 teaching hospitals in India recruited 4,088 participants, including 1,609 stroke cases. Imputed genetic variants were tested for association with stroke subtypes using both single-marker and gene-based tests.

Accuracy of Frozen Section with Histopathological Report in an Institute.

Introduction: Frozen section helps in rapid intra-operative diagnosis. It is commonly used during surgical procedures to detect malignancy so that modifications of surgery can be decided at the time of surgery on the table. Frozen section is also performed for evaluation of surgical margins and detection of lymph node metastasis.

Interrupted abdominal closure prevents burst: randomized controlled trial comparing interrupted-x and conventional continuous closures in surgical and gynecological patients.

Reduction in the risk of abdominal dehiscence with application of interrupted method of laparotomy closure and comparison with risk of burst with continuous method of closure. Three hundred forty eight patients undergoing laparotomy (114-elective gynecology, 114-emergency gynecology, 120-emergency surgery) were randomized into three arms to undergo closure with continuous, interrupted-X, and Modified Smead-Jones suturing techniques. Burst abdomen occurring up to 4 weeks of operation.

Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: a prospective evaluation at Eastern Nepal.

Introduction: Inguinal hernias have been treated traditionally with open methods of herniorrhaphy or hernioplasty. But the trends have changed in the last decade with the introduction of minimal access surgery.

Methods: This study was a prospective descriptive study in patients presenting to Surgery Department of B.

Rare location of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the rectum.

Lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract are usually secondary. Primary rectal lymphoma is very rare by virtue of its location. We present here a 60 years old lady diagnosed as primary rectal diffuse large B-cell Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma managed operatively.

Anterior resection for rectal cancer with mesorectal excision: institutional review.

This study aims to compare the operative results and oncological outcomes of patients with total mesorectal excision (TME) for mid and distal cancer and partial mesorectal excision (PME) for proximal cancer. Anterior resection has become the preferred treatment option for rectal cancer. TME with sharp dissection has been shown to be associated with a low local recurrence rate.

Partial splenectomy for epithelial (epidermoid) splenic cysts: report of two case.

Primary splenic cyst is a relatively rare disease, and the majority of cases are classified as epithelial (epidermoid) cysts. Two cases with epithelial splenic cysts are presented. Both cases had some similar symptomatology, like fullness in the left upper abdomen and a palpable mass.

Prostate cancer screening in a healthy population cohort in eastern Nepal: an explanatory trial study.

Background: Prostate cancer features a substantial incidence and mortality burden, similarly to breast cancer, and it ranks among the top ten specific causes of death in males.

Objective: To explore the situation of prostate cancer in a healthy population cohort in Eastern Nepal.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery at B.

Benign cystic mesothelioma of the peritoneum in a child-case report and review of the literature.

A 4-year old female child presented with clinical features of ascites that, on computed tomography, showed a huge thin-walled cystic lesion in the peritoneum. Laparotomy confirmed a unilocular cyst in the peritoneum adhered to the parietal wall and bowel but not originating from any internal organs. Histopathologic examination of the cyst wall was consistent with the diagnosis of benign mesothelioma.

Type IV jejunal atresia with an unusual variation of enteric duplication: report of a case.

We report a rare case of type IV jejunal atresia with enteric duplication and multiple diverticuli, found in a 3-day-old baby girl. To our knowledge, this association has never been reported before.

Management of jejunoileal atresias: an experience at eastern Nepal.

Background: Intestinal atresia is a common cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction, and management of this disease in limited setup of a developing country is very difficult.

Methods: This study is a retrospective study of patients with jejunoileal atresias and their postoperative outcome in a teaching hospital in eastern Nepal over a 5-year period.

Results: There were 28 children (19 boys and 9 girls).

Intussusception in adults: institutional review.

Objective: The objectives were to review adult intussusception (AI), its diagnosis and treatment.

Background Data: Intussusception is a different entity in adults than it is in children. AI represents 1% of all bowel obstructions, 5% of all intussusceptions.

Caecal volvulus: a twisted tale.

Caecal volvulus is an uncommon cause of acute intestinal obstruction caused by axial twisting of the caecum along with the terminal ileum and ascending colon. Early diagnosis is essential in order to reduce the high mortality rate, though the condition is rarely diagnosed correctly at the time of presentation. We report a series of four cases describing their presentation, management and subsequent outcome.

Isolated pancreatic tuberculosis mimicking as carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Pancreatic tuberculosis is a rare disease even in endemic countries for tuberculosis. Here, we report a case of pancreatic tuberculosis from tuberculosis endemic zone presenting as obstructive jaundice mimicking pancreatic cancer.

Case Presentation: A 41-year-old male presented with features of malignant obstructive jaundice.

A report of a rare congenital malformation in a Nepalese child with congenital pouch colon: a case report.

Congenital pouch colon is one of rare congenital anomalies. We report a 3-day-old male child with congenital pouch colon who underwent a window colostomy but died because of overwhelming sepsis. Due to its rarity, many surgeons in our part of the world may not be aware of it, hence increasing the potential to its mismanagement.

Initial experience with Soave's transabdominal pull-through: an observational study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical profile and outcome of patients with Hirschsprung's disease undergoing Soave's transabdominal pull-through.

Methods: The study is a prospective study in neonates, infants and children presenting to Surgery Department of B. P.

Transhepatic perforation of the gallbladder: rare complication of a common disease.

Acute cholecystitis leading to gallbladder perforation is relatively common. However, transhepatic perforation of the gallbladder leading to biliary peritonitis is very rare. We present a rare case of biliary peritonitis caused by transhepatic perforation of the gallbladder.

Intussusception due to non Hodgkin's lymphoma; different experiences in two children: two case reports.

In children, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has been found to be the lead point in intussusception involving the terminal ileum. We present here two cases of ileal primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which presented as intussusception, highlighting the differing presentations of these children and their outcome, with a brief review of the literature.

Retroperitoneal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors are rare, and those located retroperitoneally are even rarer. The authors present the case of a 52-year-old male farmer with a lump in the lower abdomen of 2 months in duration that was retroperitoneal in location. It was excised, and histopathologic examination revealed an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor.

Comparison of aspiration-sclerotherapy with hydrocelectomy in the management of hydrocele: a prospective randomized study.

Background: Hydrocelectomy is practiced as the gold standard technique for the treatment of hydrocele worldwide. Aspiration and sclerotherapy is cheap, less invasive and safe compared to hydrocelectomy. However, the outcomes are inconsistent because of lack of uniformity in methods and sclerosing agents used.

Anorectal tuberculosis coexisting with adenocarcinoma: an unusual association.

Introduction: Tuberculosis affecting the anorectum is an uncommon extra-pulmonary form of the disease, and its association with malignancy is highly unusual.

Case Report: A 35 year lady presented with lower gastrointestinal bleed, altered bowel habit and significant weight loss. On examination, she had nodular stricture in the lower rectum, with friable mucosa, bleeding easily on touch.

Comparison of interrupted versus continuous closure in abdominal wound repair: a meta-analysis of 23 trials.

Objective: There is a lack of consensus among surgeons over interrupted versus continuous methods of abdominal wound closure. The objective of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) for dehiscence and incisional hernia in the interrupted technique of laparotomy wound closure as compared to the continuous technique.

Methods: All randomized, controlled trials comparing continuous and interrupted methods of laparotomy wound closure, with burst abdomen and/or incisional hernia as the outcomes, were included in the meta-analysis.