Biogeochemical patterns in prey species reveal complex mercury exposure pathways from the environment to Aleutian Steller sea lions.

Several wildlife species exhibit marked spatial variation in toxicologically relevant tissue concentrations of mercury across the Aleutian Islands of Alaska, most notably the endangered Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus). To unravel potential environmental and trophic pathways driving mercury variation in this species of concern, we investigated spatiotemporal and ecological patterns in total mercury concentrations and stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen from muscle tissues of twelve mid-trophic level prey species of the region (n = 1461). Dividing samples into island groups explained biogeochemical variation better than larger spatial resolutions, with Amchitka Pass and Buldir Pass acting as strong geographic break points.

Deepening the participation of neurodivergent youth in qualitative mental health research: Co-development of a general approach and the evaluation of its implementation in a study on emotion.

Background: There is a growing expectation that neurodivergent young people, such as those with diagnoses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or autism, should play a central role in shaping research on neurodevelopmental conditions. However, currently, their involvement is typically limited to arms-length advice. To address this, the (RE-STAR) programme has co-developed a framework for deepening the involvement of neurodivergent participants in translational research.

Atypical anti-GBM disease in pregnancy.

A woman in her 20s presented with nephrotic syndrome and hyperemesis in early pregnancy. Pertinent initial investigations revealed a severe acute kidney injury, a serum albumin of 19 g/L, a random protein creatinine ratio of 800 g/mol and microscopic haematuria. All immunological and infection serology testing including anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM; ELISA) were negative.

Disseminated toxoplasmosis infection 20 years post kidney transplant.

Kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk of opportunistic infections and malignancy, including space-occupying intracranial lesions. Here, we present a case of a patient presenting with multiple intracranial lesions in the context of a distant history of transplantation. MRI findings were consistent with a large subcortical enhancing lesion.

Conquering Limitations: Exploring the Factors that Drive Successful Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Recalcitrant Plant Species.

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is a preferred method for genetic engineering and genome editing of plants due to its numerous advantages, although not all species exhibit transformability. Genetic engineering and plant genome editing methods are technically challenging in recalcitrant crop plants. Factors affecting the poor rate of transformation in such species include host genotype, Agrobacterium genotype, type of explant, physiological condition of the explant, vector, selectable marker, inoculation method, chemical additives, antioxidative compounds, transformation-enhancing compounds, medium formulation, optimization of culture conditions, and pre-treatments.

Mobile Cardiac Telemetry Use to Predict Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: Patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) have a higher incidence of arrhythmias during pregnancy, yet the utility of mobile cardiac telemetry (MCT) to predict adverse outcomes is unknown.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine whether arrhythmias on screening MCT correlate with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: Patients with CHD prospectively enrolled in the Standardized Outcomes in Reproductive Cardiovascular Care initiative underwent 24-hour MCT (within 18 months prior to pregnancy).

Pediatric and Familial Genetic Arrhythmia Syndromes: SCN5A-Related Disorders When It Is Not Long QT Type 3: Clinical Signs and Symptoms.

The following case series presents three different pediatric patients with SCN5A-related disease. In addition, family members are presented to demonstrate the variable penetrance that is commonly seen. Identifying features of this disease is important, because even in the very young, SCN5A disorders can cause lethal arrhythmias and sudden death.

Enhancing the provision of cancer nutrition information to support care through experience-based co-design: a mixed-methods study.

Purpose: Nutrition is essential within cancer care, yet patient and carer access to nutrition care and information is variable. This study aimed to (1) investigate patient and carer access and perceptions, and health professional views and practices, relating to cancer nutrition information and care; and (2) co-design interactive resources to support optimal nutrition care.

Methods: Patients and carers completed a survey regarding access to nutrition care and information.

The stuck haemodialysis catheter-a case report of a rare but dreaded complication following kidney transplantation.

Background: Tunnelled cuffed haemodialysis catheters are at increased risk of incarceration or becoming 'stuck' via fibrotic adhesion to the central veins when left in situ for prolonged periods of time. Stuck catheters cannot be removed using standard techniques such as bedside dissection of the cuff. Whilst there are several strategies published for the removal of these incarcerated lines, there is no consensus on the best approach.

Epidemiology of Postoperative Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia in Infants Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.

Background: Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) complicates congenital heart surgery in 2% to 8.3% of cases. JET is associated with postoperative morbidity in single-center studies.

Bone broth ingestion and acute kidney injury following kidney transplant: a role for cystatin C.

Measurement of graft dysfunction following kidney transplant through creatinine is well known to be impacted by many different factors. We report here a clinical scenario demonstrating the importance of dual measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) based on creatinine and cystatin C while also examining within-subject variability of both tests.

Participatory translational science of neurodivergence: model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism research.

Background: There are increasing calls for neurodivergent peoples' involvement in research into neurodevelopmental conditions. So far, however, this has tended to be achieved only through membership of external patient and public involvement (PPI) panels. The Regulating Emotions - Strengthening Adolescent Resilience (RE-STAR) programme is building a new participatory model of translational research that places young people with diagnoses of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism at the heart of the research team so that they can contribute to shaping and delivering its research plan.

dependent disruption of aflatoxin biosynthesis in : the connection with endosomal uptake and hyphal morphogenesis.

Aflatoxins, a family of fungal secondary metabolites, are toxic and carcinogenic compounds that pose an enormous threat to global food safety and agricultural sustainability. Specifically agricultural products in African, Southeast Asian and hot and humid regions of American countries suffer most damage from aflatoxin producing molds due to the ideal climate conditions promoting their growth. Our recent studies suggest that (Vg), an estuarine bacterium non-pathogenic to plants and humans, can significantly inhibit aflatoxin biosynthesis in the producers.

An investigation of the use of ethyl chloride and meloxicam to decrease the pain associated with a single or double incision method of castration in piglets.

Castration is a stressful and painful procedure that can impact swine welfare negatively. The objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the effect of one incision compared to two incisions and the use of a topical vapocoolant (VAPO; ethyl chloride; a topical anesthetic) applied before castration and (2) evaluate the most effective combination in reducing pain in objective 1 and the use of Metacam®; meloxicam before castration on measures of performance, behavior, and physiology. Study 1 consisted of six treatment groups ( = 27 pigs per treatment) and included: nothing (NO); sham castrated (SH); one incision castration (C1); one incision castration plus VAPO (C1V); two incision castration (C2); two incision castration plus VAPO (C2V).

Relationship between drinking risk and preferences for helping resources among emerging adults living in disadvantaged communities in the Southeastern United States.

Compared to campus-based alcohol interventions for college students, services for emerging adult (EA) risky drinkers who reside off-campus in disadvantaged communities are not well established. This web survey assessed drinking practices, problems, and preferences for professional and lay helping resources spanning digital and in-person formats among community-dwelling EAs to guide services for them and determine whether drinking risk levels varied by preferences for help. Digital respondent-driven sampling recruited EA risky drinkers from disadvantaged communities (N = 356; M age = 23.

Oral antibiotics and mechanical bowel preparation for colorectal surgery: A prospective observational study of surgical site infection and microbial analysis.

Purpose: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are common in colorectal surgery. Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) in conjunction with oral antibiotics (OABs) have been shown to reduce SSI rates. It however is still unclear which OABs to use, and how this can be implemented in practice.

Efficacy and Safety of 0.01% and 0.02% Atropine for the Treatment of Pediatric Myopia Progression Over 3 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The global prevalence of myopia is predicted to approach 50% by 2050, increasing the risk of visual impairment later in life. No pharmacologic therapy is approved for treating childhood myopia progression.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of NVK002 (Vyluma), a novel, preservative-free, 0.

Takotsubo syndrome is a coronary microvascular disease: experimental evidence.

Background And Aims: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a conundrum without consensus about the cause. In a murine model of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), abnormalities in myocardial perfusion played a key role in the development of TTS.

Methods And Results: Vascular Kv1.

Creatinine index: a retrospective cohort study in an urban Australian dialysis context.

Aim: This study aimed to described the relationship between the CI and mortality in an Australian context.

Introduction: Maintenance haemodialysis is a catabolic state associated with a significant decrease in lean body mass (LBM) and protein energy wasting. LBM can be derived or estimated from creatinine kinetic modelling, specifically the creatinine index (CI).

Factors associated with mental health symptoms among UK autistic children and young people and their parents during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the associated restrictions impacted all of society. There is emerging evidence showing a range of impacts on autistic children and young people and their families. Further research that looks at how individuals coped during the pandemic while considering how they were doing before the pandemic is needed.

Early deficits in GABA inhibition parallels an increase in L-type Ca currents in the jaw motor neurons of SOD1 mouse model for ALS.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) involves protracted pre-symptomatic periods of abnormal motor neuron (MN) excitability occurring in parallel with central and peripheral synaptic perturbations. Focusing on inhibitory control of MNs, we first compared longitudinal changes in pre-synaptic terminal proteins for GABA and glycine neurotransmitters around the soma of retrogradely identified trigeminal jaw closer (JC) MNs and ChAT-labeled midbrain extraocular (EO) MNs in the SOD1 mouse model for ALS. Fluorescence immunocytochemistry and confocal imaging were used to quantify GAD67 and GlyT2 synaptic bouton density (SBD) around MN soma at pre-symptomatic ages ∼P12 (postnatal), ∼P50 (adult) and near disease end-stage (∼P135) in SOD1 mice and age-matched wild-type (WT) controls.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy 10 years following transplant: 5HT receptor antagonism as an adjunct to immune reconstitution.

We report a case of a patient presenting with subacute neurological symptoms 10 years postkidney transplant. Cognitive deficits included acalculia and left upper limb dysesthesia, progressing to hemiplegic upper motor neuron weakness. Investigations included an MRI with multiple FLAIR hyperintensities, while a lumbar puncture was sterile with negative flow cytometry.