Left-sided portal hypertension: what an interventional radiologist can offer?

Left-sided portal hypertension (LPH) refers to increased splenic venous pressure caused by splenic vein stenosis or occlusion. Pancreatitis is the leading cause of LPH. Typically, LPH remains asymptomatic, but it can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage from ruptured fundal varices in about 10% of patients.

Efficacy of Yttrium-90 Transarterial Radioembolisation in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Experience With Hybrid Angio-Computed Tomography and Glass Microspheres.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Transarterial radioembolisation (TARE) involves selective intra-arterial administration of microspheres loaded with a radioactive compound like Yttrium-90 (Y-90). Conventionally, C-arm-based cone-beam computed tomography has been extensively used during TARE.

Role of Interventional Radiology (IR) in vascular emergencies among cirrhotic patients.

Gastrointestinal hemorrhage remains one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among patients with liver cirrhosis. Mostly, these patients bleed from the gastroesophageal varices. However, nonvariceal bleeding is also more likely to occur in these patients.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Clinical Response to Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage in Acute Cholangitis.

Background: Predicting response to biliary drainage is critical to stratify patients with acute cholangitis. Total leucocyte count (TLC) is one of the criteria for predicting the severity of cholangitis and is routinely performed. We aim to investigate the performance of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting clinical response to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) in acute cholangitis.

Percutaneous ablative therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma in the caudate lobe of the liver: efficacy and outcome.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and outcomes of percutaneous ablative therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the caudate lobe.

Methods: Patients within Milan criteria, who underwent thermal ablation (RFA/MWA) for HCC were analyzed. Based on the inclusion-criteria, patients were categorized in two groups.

Is Ultrasound-guided Bedside Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage Safe and Feasible in Critically Ill Patients with Severe Cholangitis? A Preliminary Single-center Experience.

Background And Aim: Severe cholangitis secondary to biliary obstruction carries high mortality unless biliary drainage is performed urgently. Owing to various patient-related and logistical issues, bedside biliary drainage is considered a salvage therapeutic option. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasonography (USG)-guided biliary drainage at the bedside in patients with severe cholangitis admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Bedside USG-Guided Paracentesis - A Technical Note for Beginners.

Paracentesis is a routinely performed low-risk daycare procedure most commonly performed in patients with cirrhosis. Although uncommon, devastating bleeding complications may occur, particularly in patients with coagulopathy. Hence to avoid any such complication, it is important for the intervention radiologists, as well as clinicians, particularly beginners, to have basic knowledge of the major anterior abdominal wall arteries, their course, and their sonographic appearance.

A cohesive effort to assess the suitability and disparity of carbon nanotubes for water treatment.

Population growth, industrialization, and the extensive use of chemicals in daily life have all contributed to an increase in waste generation and an intensified release of organic pollutants into the aquatic environment. To ensure the quality of water (including natural resources), the removal of these pollutants from wastewater has become a challenging task for scientific community. Conventional physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods are commonly used in combinations and are not very effective.

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Biliary Tree as a Differential in a Paediatric Patient Presenting with Biliary Dilatation: Not Always a Choledochal Cyst.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue malignant musculoskeletal tumour and is the most prevalent soft-tissue sarcoma in the paediatric population. Although, Embryonal RMS of the biliary tree is a rare entity, however, it is the most common cause of paediatric malignant obstructive jaundice. We present a 4-year-old child who had symptoms of obstructive jaundice and palpable liver.

Hepatic Arterioportal Fistula in Patients with Cirrhosis with Endovascular Management-A Series of 4 Cases with Review of Literature.

Hepatic arterioportal fistula (APF) in the setting of cirrhosis may aggravate the preexisting portal hypertension and its complications. Cirrhotic patients undergo various percutaneous invasive procedures and are at risk of developing an APF. These should be diagnosed early and should be treated accordingly at the earliest when indicated.

Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) Combined With Sorafenib versus TACE in Patients With BCLC Stage C Hepatocellular Carcinoma - A Retrospective Study.

Objective: Advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma is a heterogeneous group with limited treatment options. TACE has been advocated recently by various study groups. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if TACE in combination with sorafenib, as well as TACE alone, was safe and efficacious in treating BCLC stage C HCC.

Bleeding per rectum in pediatric population: A pictorial review.

Bleeding per rectum in children can be seen in congenital as well as acquired conditions that may require medical or surgical management. The present review article is aimed to discuss the imaging findings of some common and uncommon causes of bleeding per rectum in children.

Bleeding Stomal Varices and Their Interventional Management- A Series of Three Cases.

Although stomal and parastomal varices are uncommon causes of variceal bleeding, the mortality rate might be as high as 40%. Timely intervention is essential for the management of these ectopic bleeding varices. Due to the rarity of such varices, no standard treatment guideline is available.

Clinical Outcomes of Transcatheter Arterial Embolization Using N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) in Cirrhotic Patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) for treatment of bleeding in cirrhotic patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 35 cirrhotic patients (26 men, 9 women; mean age, 48.4 ± 11.

Role of Shear Wave Elastography of Synovium to Differentiate Rheumatoid and Tubercular Arthritis.

Background: Synovitis is the underlying pathology in various arthritis, and sometimes, it is difficult to differentiate various arthritis clinically or even by imaging. The purpose of our study was to use shear wave elastography (SWE) to evaluate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and tubercular (TB) arthritis and to differentiate them using synovial stiffness.

Methods: The prospective study was performed on Supersonic Imagine Aixplorer Ultrasound (USG) machine using a linear array probe SL10-2 (2-10 MHz).

Abdominal Computed Tomography Findings among COVID-19 Patients with Index Gastrointestinal Manifestations: A Preliminary Single-center Experience.

Background: About 20% of COVID-19 patients can have digestive symptoms, apart from the typical chest-related symptoms, and 10% of patients may have only gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms during their entire disease course.

Aim And Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the spectrum of abdominal computed tomographic (CT) findings in a cohort of 15 COVID-19 patients (confirmed on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)) who presented with various GI presentations without preceding respiratory symptoms.

Materials And Methods: A total of 93 patients with COVID-19 (confirmed on RT-PCR) who underwent CT imaging (between September 28, 2020 and March 20, 2021) in our center were retrospectively searched from the existing database.

Complications of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in the era of the stent graft - What the interventionists need to know?

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is created between a hepatic vein (HV) and the portal vein (PV) to alleviate the symptoms of portal hypertension. Despite high procedural success rates, a myriad of complications may occur at every step of TIPS creation. These complications may be attributable to the procedure itself or the shunt.

A membrane and blood-free approach to rear adult Aedes albopictus.

Most artificial dietary systems for feeding mosquitoes require a membrane feeder, host cues, phosphate saline buffers and a phagostimulant. These multicomponent feeders are complex, expansive and cumbersome that requires fully trained personnel. The objective of the present is to develop a simple sugar assisted protein (SAP) diet for the egg production of Aedes albopictus.

Overall survival and local recurrence following RFA, MWA, and cryoablation of very early and early HCC: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare overall survival (OS) and local recurrence (LR) following radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), and cryoablation (CA) for very early and early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: This systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched.

Fat-modified computed tomography severity index (CTSI) is a better predictor of severity and outcome in patients with acute pancreatitis compared with modified CTSI.

Background: The amount of intra-abdominal fat on CT correlates positively with the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). The objective of the study was to evaluate a fat-modified CT severity index (FMCTSI) and compare its performance with MCTSI.

Materials And Methods: For this retrospective study, 99 patients with AP who underwent contrast-enhanced CT between 3 and 7 days after pain onset were divided into a training cohort (n = 75) and a validation cohort (n = 24).

Large-Scale Operational Pyriproxyfen Autodissemination Deployment to Suppress the Immature Asian Tiger Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations.

Effective suppression of container-inhabiting Asian Tiger [Aedes albopictus (Skuse)] (Diptera: Culicidae) and yellow fever [Aedes aegypti (L.)] (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes presents one of the most intractable problems for modern mosquito control. Traditional tools often fail to control populations of these mosquito species, and are prohibitively expensive or have negative environmental impacts.

Heterodissemination: precision targeting container Aedes mosquitoes with a cohabiting midge species carrying insect growth regulator.

Background: Management of Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti is challenging in large part due to the cryptic nature of their larval habitats. Autodissemination, using conspecific species to transfer pesticide, is unable to provide proactive control.

Chemically modified chitosan‑sodium alginate as chemo-sensor adsorbent for the detection of picric acid and removal of biebrich scarlet.

We report here on the green synthesis method of hydrogel nanocomposite (Na-Ala/Chit-cl-polyAAm/CQDs) incorporated with carbon quantum dots for picric acid sensing and biebrich scharlet dye removal from industrial waste water. The nanocomposite precursor was derived from chitosan‑sodium alginate hybrid backbone and acrylamide monomer through the formation of semi-IPN matrix (Na-Ala/Chit-cl-polyAAm). The swelling percentage of semi-IPN can be controlled through process parameters such as reaction time, temperature, pH, water volume, acrylamide, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and ammonium persulphate concentrations.