Honokiol abrogates chronic restraint stress-induced cognitive impairment and depressive-like behaviour by blocking endoplasmic reticulum stress in the hippocampus of mice.

The primary objective of our study is to investigate the neuroprotective efficacy of honokiol and imipramine against restraint stress (RS)-induced cognitive impairment and depressive-like behaviour in mice. We examined whether the neuroprotective activity of honokiol and imipramine mediates through the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Adult Swiss albino mice were restrained for 6h/day for 28 days.

Honokiol abrogates lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive like behavior by impeding neuroinflammation and oxido-nitrosative stress in mice.

Depression is an inflammatory, commonly occurring and lethal psychiatric disorder having high lifetime prevalence. Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that activation of immuno-inflammatory and oxido-nitrosative stress pathways play major role in the pathophysiology of depression. Honokiol (HNK) is a biphenolic neolignan possessing multiple biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, antidepressant and neuroprotective.

Protective effect of mangiferin against lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive and anxiety-like behaviour in mice.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that inflammation, oxidative stress and altered level of neurotrophins are involved in the pathogenesis of depressive illness. Mangiferin, a C-glucosylxanthone is abundant in the stem and bark of Mangifera indica L. The compound has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities.