Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles impregnated on apple pomace to enhanced adsorption of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution.

Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized, and impregnated onto apple pomace surface (HANP@AP) for efficient removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) ions from water. HANP@AP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and surface area analysis. Batch sorption studies were carried out to investigate the influence of different parameters as amount of dose (g), pH, time (min), and initial concentration (mg L(-1)) on adsorption process.

Incidental Diagnosis of Filariasis in Superficial Location by FNAC: A Retrospective Study of 10 Years.

Background: Filariasis, transmitted by the bite of various species of mosquito, is a common disease of tropical belt of the world. In South East Asia, including India, it is a major public health problem. The parasite is primarily confined to Lymphatic channel or lymph nodes where it can remain viable for more than two decades.

Return to preinjury status after routine knee arthroscopy in military population.

Background: Knee arthroscopy is frequently advised procedure for knee-related problems in serving soldiers. The scanty published literatures have documented wide range of recovery duration ranging from nine days to four weeks even for routine uncomplicated arthroscopy. However, neither of these studies evaluated military population, where arthroscopic procedures are frequent and physical demands are different.

Incorporation of a vacuum-formed polyvinyl chloride sheet into an orbital prosthesis pattern.

Pattern formation is the most difficult and demanding step in the fabrication of a facial prosthesis. Traditionally, the pattern fabrication of an orbital prosthesis begins with the adaptation of softened base plate wax on the cast, over which the entire pattern is fabricated. However, owing to the inherent properties of wax, such as distortion and stress relaxation, incorporating discrepancies in the pattern adaptation is likely.

Upstream discussion provided in the ambulatory setting to assist patients with chronic kidney disease considering dialysis.

Objectives: Extensive discussion with renal patients about treatment intensity is not systematically integrated into their care and often occurs during an acute hospitalization. We conducted a "test-of-change" pilot study to assess the utility of providing an upstream discussion in the ambulatory setting as an additional nephrology consult to assist patients with chronic kidney disease considering treatment choices.

Methods: We randomly assigned patients with Stage 4 or Stage 5 chronic kidney disease who had not yet begun renal dialysis to 1 of 2 groups.

High-performance liquid chromatographic quantification of plumbagin from transformed rhizoclones of Plumbago zeylanica L.: inter-clonal variation in biomass growth and plumbagin production.

An optimized protocol for induction and establishment of Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root cultures of Plumbago zeylanica L. was developed through selection of suitable explant type and the bacterial strain. The infection of internodal explants from an in vivo plant and leaves of in vitro origin with the A4 strain resulted in the emergence of hairy roots at a transformation frequency of 86.

Cytopathological Pattern of Tubercular Lymphadenopathy on FNAC: Analysis of 550 Consecutive Cases.

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of lymph nodes is a simple, cost effective, out-patient procedure used for diagnosis of various causes of lymphadenopathies. In tuberculous lymphadenitis, it not only used for the cytological diagnosis but also used for other ancillary testing such as Ziehl- Neelsen staining and AFB Culture.

Aims: Our study was designed to evaluate the cytopathological pattern of FNAC aspirate of patients presenting with lymphadenopathy with special reference to tuberculous lymphadenopathy.

Ocular rehabilitation following socket reconstruction with amniotic membrane transplantation with failed primary hydroxyapatite implant post enucleation.

There are several clinical situations that require enucleation in children, with retinoblastoma being the most common. Intra-orbital implants are routinely placed in children at the time of initial surgery to provide motility and cosmesis in addition to adequate orbital volume. Current practice employs intra-orbital implants made of nonporous silicone, hydroxyapatite, or porous polyethylene.

Vaccination of adult animals with a reduced dose of Brucella abortus S19 vaccine to control brucellosis on dairy farms in endemic areas of India.

Bovine brucellosis is an economically important disease which seriously affects dairy farming by causing colossal losses. It can be controlled by practicing vaccination of animals with Brucella abortus S19 vaccine (S19 vaccine). In the present study, adult bovines were vaccinated on seven dairy farms with a reduced dose of S19 vaccine to control brucellosis.

The upsurge of SSPE--a reflection of national measles immunization status in Pakistan.

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare disorder in the developed world. However, an upsurge has been seen lately in our part of the world owing to inadequate measles immunization coverage. At the midst of our struggle against polio, we are struggling with the war against other vaccine-preventable childhood illnesses like measles.

Lock and key cast metallic sectional denture: a revised approach for oral rehabilitation of a patient with microstomia.

Microstomia is a common occurrence in clinical practice that may hinder the conventional prosthetic treatment of edentulous patients. Oral augmentation exercises to increase the vertical opening and sectional or collapsible dentures have been described in the past, which have their own drawbacks and limitations. The present article highlights a new approach for rehabilitation of a patient with microstomia with cast lock and key attachments leading to greater ease for both the patient and the clinician.

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: clinical and demographic characteristics.

Objective: To determine the clinical and demographic characteristics of children diagnosed with Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE).

Study Design: Case series.

Place And Duration Of Study: The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2000 to June 2012.

Variations in the branching pattern of posterior division of mandibular nerve: a case report.

Purpose: Abnormal communications among the branches of mandibular nerve especially the posterior division are significant due to various procedures undertaken in this region. These variations are worth reporting as they pose serious implications in several interventions in this region, and may even lead to false diagnosis.

Methods: During routine dissection, the mandibular nerve and its branches were dissected in the infratemporal fossa.

Hypoxia induced DNA damage in children with isolated septal defect and septal defect with great vessel anomaly of heart.

Background And Aim: In Congenital Heart Disease (CHD), shunting of blood occurs through the anatomical defects which lead to mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Chronic hypoxia which occurs due to the above said mechanism has the potency to cause DNA damage in children with CHD. In chronic hypoxia, there is a liberation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) due to tissue injury as a result of ischemia and induction of hypoxia inducible factor - 1HIF-1 and p53 which in turn activates pro-apoptotic factors leading to alteration in the regulation of pro-apoptotic gene Blc-2 to be involved in causing the DNA damage.

Rehabilitating mandibular resection with guide flange prosthesis.

Loss of continuity of the mandible leads to deviation of the residual segment towards the surgical site and alteration in muscle function. This results in facial asymmetry and malocclusion. A corrective device known as 'guide flange prosthesis' is indicated to limit this clinical manifestation.

Early recovery in post Varicella transverse myelitis.

A 7 years old boy presenting with acute flaccid paralysis after Varicella zoster infection was diagnosed as having acute transverse myelitis on MRI. He recovered fully after treatment with intravenous corticosteroids and acyclovir. The occurrence of this condition during or following Varicella infection is uncommon.

Assessment of folic Acid and DNA damage in cleft lip and cleft palate.

Studies have identified the risk factors like folic acid deficiency during gestational period, family history for orofacial clefts, drugs like antiepileptic, vitamin A. But, the data regarding the folic acid status in children with cleft lip/palate is hardly evaluated in depth. Here, an assessment of folic acid and DNA damage were carried out in children with orofacial anomalies.

Large-scale reorganization of the somatosensory cortex following spinal cord injuries is due to brainstem plasticity.

Adult mammalian brains undergo reorganization following deafferentations due to peripheral nerve, cortical or spinal cord injuries. The largest extent of cortical reorganization is seen in area 3b of the somatosensory cortex of monkeys with chronic transection of the dorsal roots or dorsal columns of the spinal cord. These injuries cause expansion of intact face inputs into the deafferented hand cortex, resulting in a change of representational boundaries by more than 7 mm.

Isolated cysticercosis of tongue: a case report.

Cysticercosis of the tongue is a rare disease caused by infestation with the larval stage of the pork tapeworm (Taenia solium) in which man acts as a secondary host rather than a primary host. Most of these lesions are asymptomatic. The patient usually reports to the physician with the complaint of swelling.

A simplified approach for placing the iris disc on a custom made ocular prosthesis: report of four cases.

This case report describes a series of four cases of different age group, in which a simplified approach was applied for positioning the iris disc on a custom made ocular prosthesis. For each of the patient, a pre-fabricated eye was selected; whose iris and pupil closely matched that of the natural eye. This was duplicated for use as a tray in impression procedure.

Role of nicotine receptor partial agonists in tobacco cessation.

One in three adults in India uses tobacco, a highly addictive substance in one or other form. In addition to prevention of tobacco use, offering evidence-based cessation services to dependent tobacco users constitutes an important approach in addressing this serious public health problem. A combination of behavioral methods and pharmacotherapy has shown the most optimal results in tobacco dependence treatment.

Deoxyribonucleic acid damage study in primary amenorrhea by comet assay and karyotyping.

Aim: This study aims at evaluating the chromosomal abnormalities and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in cases with primary amenorrhea by karyotyping and comet assay.

Study Design: A total of 30 cases of primary amenorrhea were recruited. Secondary sexual characters were assessed by Tanner staging.