Three new species in subsection supported by genealogical and phenotypic coherence.

is a subsection composed of species of ectomycorrhizal fungi belonging to the hyperdiverse and cosmopolitan genus (Russulales). Species of are recognized by their fishy or shrimp odor, browning context, and a green reaction to iron sulfate. However, species delimitation has traditionally relied on morphology and analysis of limited molecular data.

Does One Size Fit All? Variations in the DNA Barcode Gaps of Macrofungal Genera.

The nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) region has been widely used in fungal diversity studies. Environmental metabarcoding has increased the importance of the fungal DNA barcode in documenting fungal diversity and distribution. The DNA barcode gap is seen as the difference between intra- and inter-specific pairwise distances in a DNA barcode.

Systematic analysis of in the North American Rocky Mountain alpine zone.

(Russulales) is an important ectomycorrhizal fungal genus in Arctic and alpine regions where it occurs with , and , yet a complex phylogenetic analysis of the genus in these habitats is lacking. This research compared collections of from the Rocky Mountain alpine (Colorado, Montana, Wyoming) with reference specimens from Arctic and alpine habitats, mostly in Europe, using an in-depth morphological study and a phylogenetic analysis of the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS barcode) and the second largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II gene ().

Competition between cheatgrass and bluebunch wheatgrass is altered by temperature, resource availability, and atmospheric CO concentration.

Global change drivers (elevated atmospheric CO, rising surface temperatures, and changes in resource availability) have significant consequences for global plant communities. In the northern sagebrush steppe of North America, the invasive annual grass Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) is expected to benefit from projected warmer and drier conditions, as well as increased CO and nutrient availability. In growth chambers, we addressed this expectation using two replacement series experiments designed to test competition between B.