Effects of real-time feedback on cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality on outcomes in adult patients with cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between the implementation of real-time audiovisual cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) feedback devices with cardiac arrest patient outcomes, such as return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), short-term survival, and neurological outcome.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane CENTRAL from inception date until April 30, 2020, for eligible randomized and nonrandomized studies. Pooled odds ratio (OR) for each binary outcome was calculated using R system.

Predictive model for bacteremia in adult patients with blood cultures performed at the emergency department: a preliminary report.

Background: Useful predictive models for identifying patients at high risk of bacteremia at the emergency department (ED) are lacking. This study attempted to provide useful predictive models for identifying patients at high risk of bacteremia at the ED.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the ED of a tertiary care hospital from October 1 to November 30, 2004.

Diagnostic value of procalcitonin for bacterial infection in elderly patients in the emergency department.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of procalcitonin (PCT) in elderly patients with bacterial infection in the emergency department (ED).

Design: Prospective.

Setting: ED of a tertiary care hospital.

Bacteremia in previously hospitalized patients: prolonged effect from previous hospitalization and risk factors for antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections.

Study Objective: Patients who came from the community but were recently discharged from the hospital have a higher risk of contracting antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections. Our objectives are to determine the time from previous hospital discharge that affects subsequent antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and risk factors for antimicrobial-resistant infection in bacteremia in recently discharged patients.

Methods: Excluding patients of hospital-acquired, patients with regular health care-associated exposure, and patients whose previous hospitalization was not at our hospital, a total of 789 nonduplicated bacteremia episodes from community adult patients were enrolled in a 1-year study period.

Lack of compliance with basic infection control measures during cardiopulmonary resuscitation--are we ready for another epidemic?

Objective: Healthcare workers in the emergency department are particularly vulnerable to communicable disease. This study aimed to evaluate compliance with standard precautions by analysis of the incidence and systems sources of such contaminations and by quantifying the use of personal protective equipment.

Method: A prospective observational study from 1 November 2005 to 30 April 2006, using analysis of video segments.

Predictive model of antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bacteremia at the ED.

Background: Despite numerous studies identifying the risk factors related to gram-negative antimicrobial resistance, an epidemiological model to reliably predict antimicrobial gram-negative resistance in clinics, before the bacterial culture result is available, has not yet been developed.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model to assist physicians in selecting appropriate antimicrobial agents before the details of the microbiology and drug susceptibility are known.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted between June 1, 2001, and May 31, 2002, at the emergency department (ED) of National Taiwan University Hospital.

Delayed fluid resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock induces proinflammatory cytokine response.

Study Objective: This study is designed to determine the effects of delayed fluid resuscitation on the hemodynamic changes and cytokine responses in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: Wistar male rats (n=40; 8/group) were subjected to a volume-controlled hemorrhagic shock for 30 minutes and received lactated Ringer's solution resuscitation as follows: (1) immediate resuscitation, (2) delayed resuscitation begun 30 minutes after hemorrhage (delayed resuscitation 30), (3) delayed resuscitation begun 45 minutes after hemorrhage (delayed resuscitation 45), (4) delayed resuscitation begun 60 minutes after hemorrhage (delayed resuscitation 60), or (5) unresuscitated group, induction of hemorrhagic shock without resuscitation. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded and blood samples were collected at 0 minutes and at 30, 90, 150, 210, 270, and 330 minutes after hemorrhage for plasma levels of interleukin (IL) 6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).

Community-onset Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia: influence of health care exposure on antimicrobial susceptibility.

Three hundred forty-one case patients with Escherichia coli bacteremia and 173 case patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia were enrolled in this prospective observational study to compare the clinical manifestations of infections in the 2 organisms and to delineate the change in resistance of isolates after health care exposure. Liver abscess, primary bacteremia, and respiratory tract infection were more commonly seen in patients with K. pneumoniae bacteremia, whereas urinary tract infection was more common in those with E.

Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis: an unusual and fatal disease.

Background: Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a rare and fatal disease. Clinical presentations in the early stage are nonspecific, and the sensitivity of cranial axial computed tomography (CT) with thick section is low. This study analyzed the clinical manifestation and neuroimaging findings in patients with septic CST in a medical center in Taiwan.

Effect of different resuscitation fluids on cytokine response in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.

This study was designed to determine the effects of different resuscitation fluids on the production of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in an animal model of hemorrhagic shock. Wistar male rats (n = 24; 8/group) were subjected to a volume-controlled hemorrhagic shock for 30 minutes and resuscitated as follows: (1) sham group without resuscitation, (2) lactated Ringer solution (LR), 3:1; (3) 4% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solution, 1:1; and (4) 4% modified fluid gelatin (GEL), 1:1. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded, and blood samples were collected at 0 min and 30, 90, 150, 210, 270, and 330 min after hemorrhage for plasma levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TNFalpha.

Infections in the survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the first 7 days.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence, risk factors, foci, isolated organisms, and outcomes of infections in the survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) within the first 7 days after resuscitation.

Design And Setting: Retrospective cohort study in the intensive care unit of a university hospital.

Patients And Participants: We enrolled 117 survivors of adult nontraumatic OHCA victims who survived more than 24 h between January 1999 and May 2004.

Emergency medical services utilization during an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the incidence of SARS-associated coronavirus infection among emergency medical technicians.

Objectives: This was a study to evaluate the utilization of emergency medical services (EMS) systems during the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and to assess the incidence of infection among emergency medical technicians (EMTs).

Methods: This was a prospective, observational study conducted in the EMS system of Taipei, Taiwan. Probable/suspect cases of SARS were defined by World Health Organization criteria.

Detection of SARS-associated coronavirus in throat wash and saliva in early diagnosis.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is thought to be transmitted primarily through dispersal of droplets, but little is known about the load of SARS-CoV in oral droplets. We examined oral specimens, including throat wash and saliva, and found large amounts of SARS-CoV RNA in both throat wash (9.58 x 10(2) to 5.

Mesenteric adenitis caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis.

Mesenteric adenitis is a self-limited condition characterized by fever, localized right lower quadrant abdominal pain, and frequent leukocytosis, making it difficult to differentiate from appendicitis. We report a case of mesenteric adenitis in an 8-year-old boy who presented at the emergency department with right lower quadrant abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever up to 40 degrees C. Acute appendicitis was initially suspected, but further abdominal ultrasound and contrast enhanced computed tomography studies showed a normal appendix with marked mesenteric adenopathy.

SARS exposure and emergency department workers.

Of 193 emergency department workers exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), 9 (4.7%) were infected. Pneumonia developed in six workers, and assays showed anti-SARS immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG.

SARS in hospital emergency room.

Thirty-one cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred after exposure in the emergency room at the National Taiwan University Hospital. The index patient was linked to an outbreak at a nearby municipal hospital. Three clusters were identified over a 3-week period.

Changing characteristics of typhoid fever in Taiwan.

Typhoid fever, a systemic disease caused by Salmonella typhi, is classically characterized by fever and abdominal symptoms. Although now considered uncommon, it seems to have re-emerged in Taiwan in recent years. We conducted a retrospective study of the clinical characteristics and microbiologic findings in 24 confirmed cases of typhoid fever treated over a 7-year period at a medical center in northern Taiwan.

Validation of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome scoring system.

Study Objective: In a pilot study conducted during March 14 to April 2, 2003, 2 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) screening scores were developed for predicting SARS among febrile patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study is to validate these scoring systems with a different set of patients.

Methods: All adult patients with documented fever, measured at home or at the hospital, and presenting to the ED of National Taiwan University Hospital, a 2,400-bed tertiary care teaching hospital in northern Taiwan, were prospectively enrolled.

Sequential symptomatic analysis in probable severe acute respiratory syndrome cases.

Study Objective: Previous reports on severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) described mainly its symptoms. However, the time sequence of symptom development was rarely discussed. The objective of this study is to chronologically document the time sequence of symptom development in probable SARS cases and compare that of the febrile non-SARS cases, thus providing valuable information for early recognition of the disease.

Predictive model of diagnosing probable cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in febrile patients with exposure risk.

Study Objective: Since the World Health Organization issued a global alert about severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) on March 12, 2003, the illness has become a major public health challenge worldwide. The objective of this study is to identify the clinical risk factors of SARS and to develop a scoring system for early diagnosis.

Methods: The detailed clinical data of all patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with a temperature higher than 38.