Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ethanol Extract from L. Flower in Diesel Particulate Matter-Stimulated HaCaT Cells.

Background/objectives: Diesel Particulate Matter (DPM) is a very small particulate matter originating from cities, factories, and the use of fossil fuels in diesel vehicles. When DPM permeates the skin, it causes inflammation, leading to severe atopic dermatitis. L.

Sooty Mould Disease Caused by Leptoxyphium kurandae on Kenaf.

In September 2013, we discovered sooty mould growing on kenaf with the extrafloral nectaries in Iksan, Korea and identified the causative fungus as Leptoxyphium kurandae based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses. This is the first report of sooty mould caused by L. kurandae on kenaf in Korea and globally.

Availability of blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in gastrointestinal bleeding with melena in children.

Purpose: The aims of our study were to evaluate the blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr ratio) for distinguishing between an upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), and differentiating between the two most common causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) presenting with melena in children.

Methods: Retrospective data of patients with GIB presenting with melena were analyzed. The data from 60 cases were reviewed including demographics, laboratory findings, diagnostic modalities and results, treatments, and transfusions.