SARM1 deletion inhibits astrogliosis and BBB damage through Jagged-1/Notch-1/NF-κB signaling to improve neurological function after ischemic stroke.

Reactive astrogliosis is a critical process in the development of ischemic stroke. However, the precise mechanism by which reactive astrogliosis changes the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke remains elusive. Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing 1 protein (SARM1) plays a key role in axonal degeneration and is involved in different cell death programs that regulate neuronal survival.

Microstructure Abnormalities of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Measures in First-Episode, Treatment-Naïve Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder: An Integrated AFQ and TBSS Study.

Purpose: Structural changes during depressive episodes in adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear due to participant heterogeneity, illness chronicity, and medication confounders. This study aimed to explore white matter (WM) microstructural changes in first-episode, treatment-naïve adolescents with MDD using an integrated diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) approach.

Method: We recruited 66 subjects, including 37 adolescents with MDD and 29 healthy controls.

ROS-responsive nanocarrier for oral delivery of monascin and enhanced alleviation of oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress, caused by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Monascin can scavenge ROS and alleviate oxidative stress but with a low fermentation rate and bioavailability. Here, we optimized the fermentation process to increase the production of monascin (508.

Identification of Metabolic Characteristic-Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Associations Using Mendelian Randomization and Metabolomics.

Background: Metabolic reprogramming is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor influencing the development, progression, and prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Despite this, the potential association of specific metabolic characteristics and PDAC remains ambiguous due to the variability introduced by individual patient differences. In this study, we aimed to find out metabolic pathways that may be associated with the overall survival (OS) of PDAC patients.

Improvement of Monacolin K and Pigment Production in by 5-Azacytidine.

species are known to produce various secondary metabolites with polyketide structures, including Monacolins, pigments, and citrinin. This study investigates the effects of 5-azacytidine on M1 and RP2. The dry weight, red, yellow, and orange pigment values, and Monacolin K yield of both strains were measured, and their hyphae observed through electron microscopy.

The predictive value of nomogram for adnexal cystic-solid masses based on O-RADS US, clinical and laboratory indicators.

Background: Ovarian cancer remains a leading cause of death among women, largely due to its asymptomatic early stages and high mortality when diagnosed late. Early detection significantly improves survival rates, and the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Ultrasound (O-RADS US) is currently the most commonly used method, but has limitations in specificity and accuracy. While O-RADS US has standardized reporting, its sensitivity can lead to the misdiagnosis of benign masses as malignant, resulting in overtreatment.

CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein mediated DNA-free genome editing in larch.

Here, a DNA-free genetic editing approach is presented for larch by delivering ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) of CRISPR/Cas9 through particle bombardment. The detailed procedure encompasses creating a transgenic system particle bombardment for the transformation of embryogenic callus, validating the functionality of RNPs, optimizing coating and delivery techniques, enhancing somatic embryo maturation, regenerating plantlets, and precisely identifying mutants. The optimal particle bombardment parameters were determined at 1,100 psi and a distance of 9 cm and the editing efficiency of the targets was verified .

A latent profile analysis of social anxiety among Chinese left-behind children and adolescents: Associations with online parent-child communication and online social capital.

Background: Children and adolescents impacted by their left-behind status are more likely to suffer social anxiety. In this regard, as information and communication technology has developed, the role of online parent-child communication (OPCC) and online social capital (OSC) has become more important. However, few studies, if any, have examined the profiles of Chinese left-behind children and adolescents and their associations with OPCC and OSC.

Altered cortical functional networks in Wilson's Disease: A resting-state electroencephalogram study.

The neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in Wilson's disease (WD) patients. However, it remains unclear about the associated functional brain networks. In this study, source localization-based functional connectivity analysis of close-eye resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) were implemented to assess the characteristics of functional networks in 17 WD patients with neurological involvements and 17 healthy controls (HCs).

Douglas Pouch Fluid Improves the Accuracy of Transvaginal Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Uterosacral Ligaments Deep Infiltration Endometriosis: A Prospective Study.

Objectives: To compare the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) with laparoscopy in detecting and characterizing uterosacral ligament (USL) nodules of deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIE) between patients with and without pouch of Douglas (POD) fluid.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted between June 2021 and July 2023. We included patients from the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen with two TVUS tests: no POD fluid on the first TVUS test and POD fluid on the second TVUS test.

Functional Verification of Transcription Factor comp54181_c0 in Monascus purpureus.

Monacolin K is a valuable secondary metabolite produced after a period of fermentation by Monascus purpureus; however, our current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of its synthesis remains incomplete. This study conducted functional analysis on the key transcription factor, comp54181_c0, that is involved in the synthesis of monacolin K in Monascus. Mutant strains with either knockout or overexpression of comp54181_c0 were constructed using CRISPR/Cas9.

Phase-Amplitude Coupling in Theta and Beta Bands: A Potential Electrophysiological Marker for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background: Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between the phase of low-frequency signals and the amplitude of high-frequency activities plays many physiological roles and is involved in the pathological processed of various neurological disorders. However, how low-frequency and high-frequency neural oscillations or information synchronization activities change under chronic central hypoxia in OSA patients and whether these changes are closely associated with OSA remains largely unexplored. This study arm to elucidate the long-term consequences of OSA-related oxygen deprivation on central nervous system function.

Mutation Breeding of to Produce a High Yield of Orange Pigment and Low Citrinin Content Using the ARTP Method.

is a filamentous fungus with a long history of application in China, which can produce a variety of secondary metabolites, including Monascus red pigments, orange pigments, yellow pigments, and citrinin. There is widespread attention being paid to natural pigments because of their safety. Among the many natural pigments, orange pigment has a wide range of applications because of its unique color, but current production levels in the orange pigment industry are limited to a certain extent due to the insufficiently wide range of sources and low production.

The association between inflammatory cytokines and sarcopenia-related traits: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Sarcopenia is among the most common musculoskeletal illnesses, yet its underlying biochemical mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Identifying the relationship of inflammatory cytokines with sarcopenia components would help understand the etiology of sarcopenia. We performed a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study to explore the causal relationship between 41 inflammatory cytokines and sarcopenia-related traits.

The mutual interplay between NTRK fusion genes and human papillomavirus infection in cervical cancer progression (Review).

Cervical cancer is a significant global health concern, with a substantial portion of cases attributed to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Recent advancements in molecular profiling have identified distinct subtypes of cervical cancer based on their genomic alterations. One such subgroup is neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK) fusion-positive cervical cancers, characterized by gene fusions involving the NTRK genes.

Organic Thermoelectric Materials for Wearable Electronic Devices.

Wearable electronic devices have emerged as a pivotal technology in healthcare and artificial intelligence robots. Among the materials that are employed in wearable electronic devices, organic thermoelectric materials possess great application potential due to their advantages such as flexibility, easy processing ability, no working noise, being self-powered, applicable in a wide range of scenarios, etc. However, compared with classic conductive materials and inorganic thermoelectric materials, the research on organic thermoelectric materials is still insufficient.

MTF1 genetic variants are associated with lung cancer risk in the Chinese Han population.

Background: Metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF1), a conserved metal-binding transcription factor in eukaryotes, regulates the proliferation of cancer cells by activating downstream target genes and then participates in the formation and progression of tumors, including lung cancer (LC). The expression level of MTF1 is down-regulated in LC, and high expression of MTF1 is associated with a good prognosis of LC. However, the association between MTF1 polymorphism and LC risk has not been explored.

Delivery of exogenous miR-19b by Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells attenuates transplanted kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating cellular metabolism.

Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) frequently occurs following kidney transplantation, and exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSC-Exos) have shown promise in treating IRI in transplanted kidneys. Our study delved into the potential mechanism of WJ-MSC-Exos in ameliorating IRI in transplanted kidneys, revealing that miR-19b is abundantly present in WJ-MSC-Exos. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that the absence of miR-19b abolished the protective effects of WJ-MSC-Exos against renal IRI.

The potential protective role of peripheral immunophenotypes in Alzheimer's disease: a Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most widespread neurodegenerative disease in the world. Previous studies have shown that peripheral immune dysregulation plays a paramount role in AD, but whether there is a protective causal relationship between peripheral immunophenotypes and AD risk remains ambiguous.

Methods: Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed using large genome-wide association study (GWAS) genetic data to assess causal effects between peripheral immunophenotypes and AD risk.