Strategies to Improve Smoking Cessation for Participants in Lung Cancer Screening Program: Analysis of Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation in Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS).

Purpose: Smoking cessation intervention is one of the key components of successful lung cancer screening program. We investigated the effectiveness and related factors of smoking cessation services provided to the participants in a population-based lung cancer screening trial.

Materials And Methods: The Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS) is a nationwide, multi-center lung cancer screening trial that evaluates the feasibility of implementing population-based lung cancer screening.

Impact of image compression on deep learning-based mammogram classification.

Image compression is used in several clinical organizations to help address the overhead associated with medical imaging. These methods reduce file size by using a compact representation of the original image. This study aimed to analyze the impact of image compression on the performance of deep learning-based models in classifying mammograms as "malignant"-cases that lead to a cancer diagnosis and treatment-or "normal" and "benign," non-malignant cases that do not require immediate medical intervention.

Feasibility of implementing a national lung cancer screening program: Interim results from the Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS).

Background: Lung cancer screening conducted in high-risk group using low-dose computer tomography (LDCT) has been reported as an effective method to reduce lung cancer mortality in two large randomized-control trials. However, the effectiveness is uncertain when lung cancer screening is expanded to a nationwide population-based program.

Methods: The Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS) is a single-arm cohort study that was conducted from February 2017 to evaluate the feasibility of implementing an organized national lung cancer screening program in Korea.

Criteria for identifying residual tumours after neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancers: a magnetic resonance imaging study.

We investigated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) criteria identifying residual tumours in patients with triple-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Retrospectively, 290 patients were included who had undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy and definitive surgery. Clinicopathological features, as well as lesion size and lesion-to-background parenchymal signal enhancement ratio (SER) in early- and late-phase MRIs, were analysed.

Impact of Awareness of Breast Density on Perceived Risk, Worry, and Intentions for Future Breast Cancer Screening among Korean Women.

Purpose: This study sought to examine perceived risk and concerns for breast cancer according to awareness of breast density and states thereof among Korea women and to identify the impact of such awareness on screening intentions.

Materials And Methods: This study was based on the 2017 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey of a nationally representative and randomly selected sample of Koreans. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to examine associations for awareness of and knowledge on breast density in relation to psychological factors.

Urinary bisphenol A and its analogues and haemato-biochemical alterations of pregnant women in Korea.

Introduction: Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) are chemical substitutes for, and may have similar physiological effects to, bisphenol A (BPA). Bisphenols provoke endocrine disorders and are cytotoxic, oxidize hemoglobin, and induce morphological changes in human red blood cells (RBC). It is more sensitive to changes in the RBC number and hemoglobin (Hb) level during pregnancy.

Effect of Digital Mammography for Breast Cancer Screening: A Comparative Study of More than 8 Million Korean Women.

Background Full-field digital mammography (FFDM) has been accepted as a superior modality for breast cancer screening compared with conventional screen-film mammography (SFM), especially in women younger than 50 years or with dense breasts. Purpose To evaluate the accuracy of FFDM for breast cancer screening. Materials and Methods Data from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013 in the database from a nationwide breast cancer screening program linked with the national cancer registry were retrospectively analyzed.

Combined Effect of Secondhand Smoking and Alcohol Drinking on Risk of Persistent Human Papillomavirus Infection.

Tobacco smoking is established as a cofactor of human papillomavirus (HPV) for cervical cancer risk. However, the role of secondhand smoking in cervical carcinogenesis is controversial. We aimed to assess the association between secondhand smoking and high risk- (HR-) HPV persistence, a pivotal event in development of cervical cancer.

Rate and predictive factors of recurrence: Analysis of a screening cohort.

Background/aim: The aim of the study was to identify the recurrence rate of Helicobacter pylori after successful eradication in an endemic area and investigate baseline and clinical factors related to the recurrence.

Patients And Methods: H. pylori infected patients from a screening cohort of National Cancer Center between 2007 and 2012 were enrolled in the study.

Development of Protocol for Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS) to Evaluate Effectiveness and Feasibility to Implement National Cancer Screening Program.

Purpose: To reduce lung cancer mortality, lung cancer screening was recommended using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) to high-risk population. A protocol for multicenter lung cancer screening pilot project was developed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of lung cancer screening to implement National Cancer Screening Program in Korea.

Materials And Methods: Multidisciplinary expert committee was comprised to develop a standardized protocol for Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS).

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Assessment of Residual Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Relevance to Tumor Subtypes and MRI Interpretation Threshold.

Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) depending on subtypes of breast cancer using different interpretation thresholds of MRI negativity.

Patients And Methods: A total of 353 women with breast cancer who had undergone NAC were included. Pathologic examination after complete surgical excision was the reference standard.

Higher satisfaction with an alternative collection device for stool sampling in colorectal cancer screening with fecal immunochemical test: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Identifying preferences for stool collection devices may help increase uptake rates for colorectal cancer screening via fecal immunochemical test (FIT). This study surveyed satisfaction with different devices utilized to collect stool samples for FIT: a conventional container and a sampling bottle (Eiken OC-Sensor).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Cancer Center, Korea.

Applying Data-driven Imaging Biomarker in Mammography for Breast Cancer Screening: Preliminary Study.

We assessed the feasibility of a data-driven imaging biomarker based on weakly supervised learning (DIB; an imaging biomarker derived from large-scale medical image data with deep learning technology) in mammography (DIB-MG). A total of 29,107 digital mammograms from five institutions (4,339 cancer cases and 24,768 normal cases) were included. After matching patients' age, breast density, and equipment, 1,238 and 1,238 cases were chosen as validation and test sets, respectively, and the remainder were used for training.

Effectiveness of the Korean National Cancer Screening Program in Reducing Gastric Cancer Mortality.

Background & Aims: It is not clear whether screening for gastric cancer by upper endoscopy or upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series examinations (looking at the upper and middle sections of the gastrointestinal tract by imaging techniques) reduces mortality. Nevertheless, the Korean National Cancer Screening Program for gastric cancer was launched in 1999 to screen individuals 40 years and older for gastric cancer using these techniques. We evaluated the effectiveness of these techniques in gastric cancer detection and compared their effects on mortality in the Korean population.

Helicobacter pylori infection is an independent risk factor for colonic adenomatous neoplasms.

Purpose: Helicobacter pylori infection is considered to have a positive association with colorectal neoplasms. In this study, we evaluated the association between H. pylori infection and colorectal adenomas, based on the characteristics of these adenomas in Korea, where the prevalence of H.

The Effectiveness of Ferritin as a Contrast Agent for Cell Tracking MRI in Mouse Cancer Models.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of ferritin as a contrast agent and a potential reporter gene for tracking tumor cells or macrophages in mouse cancer models.

Materials And Methods: Adenoviral human ferritin heavy chain (Ad-hFTH) was administrated to orthotopic glioma models and subcutaneous colon cancer mouse models using U87MG and HCT116 cells, respectively. Brain MR images were acquired before and daily for up to 6 days after the intracranial injection of Ad-hFTH.

Performance of the Fecal Immunochemical Test for Colorectal Cancer Screening Using Different Stool-Collection Devices: Preliminary Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background/aims: We are in the process of conducting a randomized trial to determine whether compliance with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) for colorectal cancer screening differs according to the stool-collection method. This study was an interim analysis of the performance of two stool-collection devices (sampling bottle vs conventional container).

Methods: In total, 1,701 individuals (age range, 50 to 74 years) were randomized into the sampling bottle group (intervention arm) or the conventional container group (control arm).

Risk Factors for Thyroid Cancer: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study in Korean Adults.

Purpose: Although the incidence of thyroid cancer in Korea has rapidly increased over the past decade, few studies have investigated its risk factors. This study examined the risk factors for thyroid cancer in Korean adults.

Materials And Methods: The study design was a hospital-based case-control study.

The effect of changing stool collection processes on compliance in nationwide organized screening using a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) in Korea: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening by fecal occult blood test (FOBT) significantly reduces CRC mortality, and compliance rates directly influence the efficacy of this screening method. The aim of this study is to investigate whether stool collection strategies affect compliance with the FOBT.

Methods/design: In total, 3,596 study participants aged between 50 and 74 years will be recruited.

Synergistic effect of viral load and alcohol consumption on the risk of persistent high-risk human papillomavirus infection.

Purpose: This prospective study aimed to examine the combined effect of viral load and alcohol consumption on the risk of persistent high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

Methods: Among women undergoing health screening between 2002 and 2011 at the National Cancer Center, 284 and 122 women with HR-HPV infection and cytological findings of low-grade squamous intraepithelial or lower-grade lesions were followed up for 1 and 2 years, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed, and the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and synergy index (S) were calculated.

Overestimation of nuclear matrix protein 22 in concentrated urine.

Objective: To confirm the hypothesis that nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) is overestimated in concentrated urine, we compared the NMP22 values measured at different dietary states.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 531 healthy subjects who had had abnormal urinary NMP22 values ≥ 10 U/mL at the first test and underwent a second NMP22 test within 2 weeks. The first NMP22 test was performed after overnight fasting, and the second was performed with no dietary restrictions.

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of musculoskeletal lesions at 3 T with metabolite quantification.

Purpose: To evaluate whether proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) at 3 T with metabolite quantification is helpful for characterizing musculoskeletal lesions and to reveal whether the concentration of choline is correlated with the pathologic degree of malignancy.

Material And Methods: Three-tesla MR images and proton MRS data from 27 consecutive patients with surgically proven musculoskeletal lesions were retrospectively analyzed. We analyzed the presence of choline peaks of malignant tumors according to the degree of malignancies, and we compared them with those of benign lesions.