Bioequivalence of Water-Soluble Progesterone Injection (GenSci070) in Healthy Chinese Postmenopausal Women Volunteers.

Purpose: To study the pharmacokinetic characteristics of progesterone (GenSci070) in healthy Chinese postmenopausal women volunteers and to evaluate the bioequivalence and safety of GenSci070 and reference formulation.

Methods: In this randomized, open-label, single-center, single-dose, 2-period, 2-sequence, 2-way crossover study, 50 postmenopausal healthy women were recruited and received a single subcutaneous injection of test (GenSci070) or reference formulation 25 mg, respectively. Plasma progesterone concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by noncompartmental analysis method using Phoenix WinNonlin 8.

Mass balance, metabolism, and pharmacokinetics of [C]amdizalisib, a clinical-stage novel oral selective PI3Kδ inhibitor for the treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma, in healthy Chinese volunteers.

Introduction: Amdizalisib (HMPL-689) is an ATP-competitive PI3Kδ inhibitor currently under investigation for treating Hodgkin's lymphoma. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolism, excretion, pharmacokinetics, and safety profile of amdizalisib in healthy human subjects to support its clinical application.

Methods: This Phase I clinical trial included six healthy Chinese male volunteers who received a single oral dose of 30 mg/100 µCi [C]amdizalisib suspension.

Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple-dose noiiglutide (SHR20004), a novel GLP-1 receptor agonist, in Chinese obese subjects without diabetes mellitus.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of noiiglutide (SHR20004), a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, in Chinese obese participants without diabetes mellitus (DM).

Materials And Methods: This phase 1, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled adult participants with body mass index (BMI) ≥28 kg/m. The study used a titration method, each subject received daily noiiglutide injection for 3-6 weeks, until reaching the final dose of 0.

Association of moderate alcohol intake with the risks of cirrhosis and steatotic liver disease: Results from a large population-based cohort study.

Background&aims: There is uncertainty about the associations between moderate alcohol consumption and liver-related outcomes. We aimed to explore the associations of moderate drinking with cirrhosis, steatotic liver disease (SLD), and liver cancer in a large cohort study.

Methods: A total of 215,559 non-drinkers and moderate drinkers (<20 g/day alcohol for females or < 30 g/day for males) were enrolled between 2006 and 2010 and followed up to 2022.

Magnitude and determinants of excess total, age-specific and sex-specific all-cause mortality in 24 countries worldwide during 2020 and 2021: results on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic from the C-MOR project.

Introduction: To examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality, we estimated excess all-cause mortality in 24 countries for 2020 and 2021, overall and stratified by sex and age.

Methods: Total, age-specific and sex-specific weekly all-cause mortality was collected for 2015-2021 and excess mortality for 2020 and 2021 was calculated by comparing weekly 2020 and 2021 age-standardised mortality rates against expected mortality, estimated based on historical data (2015-2019), accounting for seasonality, and long-term and short-term trends. Age-specific weekly excess mortality was similarly calculated using crude mortality rates.

Pterygium combined with corneal perforation: a case report.

Background: Pterygium is a common ocular surface disease. Pterygium combined with corneal perforation is rare.

Case Presentation: A 28-year-old female patient visited our outpatient clinic due to sudden onset of blurred vision and increased tearing in her left eye.

Growth hormone releasing hormone signaling promotes Th17 cell differentiation and autoimmune inflammation.

Dysregulation of Th17 cell differentiation and pathogenicity contributes to multiple autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Previously growth hormone releasing hormone receptor (GHRH-R) deficient mice have been reported to be less susceptible to the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Here, we show GHRH-R is an important regulator of Th17 cell differentiation in Th17 cell-mediated ocular and neural inflammation.

rTMS ameliorates depression/anxiety-like behaviors in experimental autoimmune encephalitis by inhibiting neurotoxic reactive astrocytes.

One third of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffered from depressive symptoms. The pathogenesis of depression in MS patients has been related to innate immune activation in certain regions of the brain such as hippocampus. However, pharmacotherapy lacks sufficient evidence for beneficial effects on depression in MS patients, urging for a novel treatment modality for this mental disorder.

Influences of environmental factors on the dissipation of green tides in the Yellow Sea, China.

Green tides attack the Yellow Sea every year since 2007 and have caused substantial financial loss. Based on Haiyang-1C/Coastal zone imager (HY-1C/CZI) and Terra/MODIS satellite images, the temporal and spatial distribution of green tides floating in the Yellow Sea during 2019 was extracted. The relationships between the growth rate of the green tides and the environmental factors including sea surface temperature (SST), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), sea surface salinity (SSS), nitrate and phosphate during the green tides' dissipation phase has been detected.

Comprehensive effects of interdecadal change of sea surface temperature increase in the Indo-Pacific Ocean on the warming-wetting of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

The correlation characteristics between anomalous changes in summer precipitation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and the high-impact areas of global sea-surface temperature (SST) are mainly studied in this paper. The results show that the interdecadal change of the regional "warming-wetting" in China is especially prominent in the northern part of the main body of the QTP, which is therefore identified as the high-value area of precipitation variability. Investigations have revealed that the high-value areas of summer precipitation variability in the northern QTP are significantly correlated with four high-value areas of SST variability, namely the western North Pacific, the western Central Pacific, the Southwest Pacific, and the central Indian Ocean.

A Randomized, Single-dose, Phase I Clinical Comparison of a Trastuzumab Biosimilar With a Reference Trastuzumab Formulation in Healthy Chinese Male Volunteers.

The test drug, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody, is a biosimilar candidate for the reference drug. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of these two drugs. The study was divided into two parts, a pre-study and a formal trial.

pH/enzyme dual sensitive and nucleus-targeting dendrimer nanoparticles to enhance the antitumour activity of doxorubicin.

Direct delivery of drugs into the nucleus is a promising nanotechnology therapy, since the nucleus is one of the most important organelles controlling cell proliferation and apoptosis. Here, we report a nucleus-targeting nanocarrier for nuclear drug delivery using a pH/enzyme dual sensitive strategy. The specific ligand PGM (PKKKRKV-GFLG-Mp), composed of nuclear localization sequence (PKKKRKV), enzyme-sensitive tetrapeptide (Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly, GFLG), and pH-sensitive molecules morpholine (Mp), was modified on poly (amidoamine) (PAMAM) by maleimide active polyethylene glycol ester (NHS-PEG-MAL) to form PAMAM-PEG-PGM.

ELEVATED LEVEL OF URIC ACID, BUT NOT GLUCOSE, IN AQUEOUS HUMOR AS A RISK FACTOR FOR DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES.

Purpose: To determine the association of uric acid (UA) and glucose in aqueous humor with diabetic macular edema (DME) in patients with Type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Patients with DME or diabetes mellitus without retinopathy were enrolled from August 2016 to December 2020. Nondiabetic patients with age-related cataract or age-related macular degeneration were included as controls.

Need for sensitization on serious threats of second-hand smoke: Findings from a national study in Mauritius, a small island developing state in the Indian Ocean.

This study had the following objectives: To assess the level of knowledge of Mauritians aged ≥ 20 years on the health effects of Second Hand Smoke (SHS), to investigate their behaviour when exposed to SHS and to look for any association between SHS-related knowledge and behaviour towards exposure. A national cross-sectional online survey was conducted. With the total population of Mauritians above the age of 20 years being 941,719, the calculated sample size was 400.

Distinct impacts of vapor transport from the tropical oceans on the regional glacier retreat over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

An influence of precipitation on the glacier changes over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is investigated in this paper. The results show that the glacial loss rates of glaciers in the QTP are significantly correlated with the interannual changes of precipitation and low cloud cover. The water vapor, importing with the warm and wet airflows from the Asian Monsoon regions, significantly influence the precipitation in the southern and northern glacier areas of the QTP in the summer monsoon season.

Ruxolitinib Alleviates Uveitis Caused by Endotoxin.

Uveitis is characterized by inflammatory lesions of intraocular structures. It is one of the important manifestations in patients with Reiter's syndrome, an inflammatory arthritis, which is caused by enteric infection with bacteria, including Salmonella typhimurium. Corticosteroids remain the most frequently used therapies against uveitis associating with inflammatory arthritis.

Agonist of growth hormone-releasing hormone enhances retinal ganglion cell protection induced by macrophages after optic nerve injury.

Optic neuropathies are leading causes of irreversible visual impairment and blindness, currently affecting more than 100 million people worldwide. Glaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies attributed to progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). We have previously demonstrated an increase in survival of RGCs by the activation of macrophages, whereas the inhibition of macrophages was involved in the alleviation on endotoxin-induced inflammation by antagonist of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).

Need to investigate COVID-19 beliefs for tailor-made sensitisation campaigns.

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to investigate the COVID-19 beliefs of a random sample of Mauritian social media users.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: This quantitative research was undertaken by means of an online survey instrument, with questions on participants' behaviour towards COVID-19 and their beliefswith respect to susceptibility, barriers, benefits, cues to actions and self-efficacy.

Lived Experience of Mothers Having a Child Diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes in Mauritius: A Phenomenological Study.

Purpose: Since there is no existing qualitative study on Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) in Mauritius, this study was undertaken to explore the lived experience of mothers having a child with T1D in Mauritius.

Design And Methods: This research work used a phenomenological approach with the interview of a purposeful sample of eleven mothers having a child diagnosed with T1D. Data collected was analyzed by two independent investigators.

Lessons to be learnt from the COVID-19 public health response in Mauritius.

Objectives: This study had the following objectives: (1) To look into the public health response of the country facing the COVID-19 outbreak, and (2) To examine the effectiveness of the measures being undertaken to contain the outbreak.

Methods: The research method used was the analysis of all documents/discourses pertaining to the public health response of Mauritius towards COVID-19. We compiled data over the period of 17 January 2020 to 15 May 2020 as and when they were communicated.

Retrospective cohort study comparing the epidemiological and clinical characteristics between imported and local COVID-19 inpatients in Nanyang, China.

China has experienced an outbreak of COVID-19 since December 2019. This study investigated the differences between the imported and local cases of COVID-19 in Nanyang, China. In this study, a total of 129 COVID-19 confirmed cases with a clear epidemiological history admitted to hospitals in Nanyang from January 24 to February 26, 2020 were enrolled.

Is Involved in Corneal Stroma Development by Regulating Neural Crest Migration.

Previously, we identified RAD21 from a peripheral sclerocornea pedigree. Injection of this variant mRNA into embryos disrupted the organization of corneal stroma fibrils. To understand the mechanisms of RAD21-mediated corneal stroma defects, gene expression and chromosome conformation analysis were performed using cells from family members affected by peripheral sclerocornea.

Communication with family concerning body donation in Hong Kong: what do we know?

This study aimed to examine three major issues: (a) The extent to which registered donors have communicated with family about body donation; (b) The differences in demographics, life and death attitudes, and quality of relationship with family members between those who communicated their body donation decision and those who did not; (c) The factors associated with the act of communicating with family about body donation. A survey was conducted of people who registered in a body donation programme in Hong Kong. A total of 1,070 registered donors completed an online questionnaire between August and September 2016.