Newly identified maltol derivatives in Korean Red Ginseng and their biological influence as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

Background: Korean Red Ginseng is a major source of bioactive substances such as ginsenosides. Efficacy of red ginseng extract (RGE), which contains not only saponins but also various non-saponins, has long been studied. In the water-soluble component-rich fraction of RGE (WS), a byproduct generated in the process of extracting saponins from the RGE, we identified previously unidentified molecules and confirmed their efficacy.

Effects of Phenolic-Rich Extract on Learning, Memory, and Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesic Rats.

Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia with cognitive impairment. Various plant-derived phenolics are known to alleviate cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease by radical scavenging and strengthening synaptic plasticity activities. Here, we examined the cognition-improving effect of Sieb.

Statistical discrimination using different machine learning models reveals dissimilar key compounds of soybean leaves in targeted polyphenol-metric metabolomics in terms of traits and cultivation.

Soybean (SB) leaves (SLs) contain diverse flavonoids with health-promoting properties. To investigate the chemical constituents of SB and their correlations across phenotypes, growing periods, and environmental factors, a validated separation method for mass detection was used with targeted metabolomics. Thirty-six polyphenols (1 coumestrol, 5 flavones, 18 flavonols, and 12 isoflavones) were identified in SLs, 31 of which were quantified.

Mass Biosynthesis of Coumestrol Derivatives and Their Isomers Soybean Adventitious Root Cultivation in Bioreactors.

Coumestrol (CMS) derivatives are unique compounds, which function as phytoalexins; they are derived from soybean roots, following abiotic and biotic stresses. As a phytoalexin, CMS forms a defense system that enables plants to maintain their viability. However, it is still challenging to achieve the mass production of phytoalexins, which exhibit pharmacological values, plant breeding.

Impact of flavonol extracts derived from green tea or targeted flavonols as secondary ingredients on intestinal glucose transport.

Unlabelled: The purpose of the current study was to examine the effect of adding secondary ingredients such as green tea derived water-soluble polysaccharides (GTP) and flavonol aglycone rich fractions derived from cellulase treated green tea extract (FVN) into catechin rich green tea extracts (GTE) on wheat starch digestion and intestinal glucose transport using in vitro digestion with Caco-2 cells. Co-digestion of wheat starch with GTE (16.88 g L) or GTE + GTP + FVN (16.

Supervised Statistical Learning Prediction of Soybean Varieties and Cultivation Sites Using Rapid UPLC-MS Separation, Method Validation, and Targeted Metabolomic Analysis of 31 Phenolic Compounds in the Leaves.

Soybean (; SB) leaf (SL) is an abundant non-conventional edible resource that possesses value-adding bioactive compounds. We predicted the attributes of SB based on the metabolomes of an SL using targeted metabolomics. The SB was planted in two cities, and SLs were regularly obtained from the SB plant.

Antihypertriglyceridemia activities of naturally fermented green tea, Heukcha, extract through modulation of lipid metabolism in rats fed a high-fructose diet.

Hypertriglyceridemia, a symptom of elevated triglyceride level in the blood, is a potent risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Among the numerous treatments to regulate circulating triglyceride levels, fibrates are widely used to treat hypertriglyceridemia, although they also have side effects such as hepatotoxicity and gallstone formation. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the blood triglyceride-lowering effects of a naturally fermented green tea extract (NFGT) and the underlying mechanisms on hypertriglyceridemia in vitro and in vivo models.

Optimized enzymatic synthesis of digestive resistant anomalous isoquercitrin glucosides using amylosucrase and response surface methodology.

Diverse flavonoid glycosides are present in the plant kingdom. Advanced technologies have been utilized to synthesize glycosyl flavonoids which exhibit good physicochemical characteristics. Previously, novel isoquercitrin (IQ) mono-, di-, and tri-glucosides (IQ-G1', IQ-G2', and IQ-G3'; atypical IQ-Gs (IQ-G)) were synthesized through the reaction of amylosucrase.

Stability of Enzyme-Modified Flavonoid - and -Glycosides from Common Buckwheat Sprout Extracts during Digestion and Colonic Fermentation.

Common buckwheat sprout (CBS) contains more flavone -glycosides (FCGs) and flavonol -glycosides (FOGs) than does common buckwheat seed. Both flavonoids in CBS are well known for providing benefits to human health. However, they are relatively less bioaccessible and more directly degradable to aglycone during digestion than are multiglycosylated flavonoids.

Profiling of In Vitro Bioaccessibility and Intestinal Uptake of Flavonoids after Consumption of Commonly Available Green Tea Types.

The aim of this study was to profile the bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption of epicatechins and flavonols in different forms of green tea and its formulation: loose leaf tea, powdered tea, 35% catechins containing GTE, and GTE formulated with green tea-derived polysaccharide and flavonols (CATEPLUS™). The bioaccessibillity and intestinal absorption of epicatechins and flavonols was investigated by using an in vitro digestion model system with Caco-2 cells. The bioaccessibility of total epicatechins in loose leaf tea, powdered tea, GTE, and CATEPLUS™ was 1.

Correction to: A brief history and spectroscopic analysis of soy isoflavones.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00815-6.].

A brief history and spectroscopic analysis of soy isoflavones.

The production of soybean continues to increase worldwide. People are showing more interest in the beneficial health effects of soybeans than before. However, the origin and history of soybeans are still being discussed among many researchers.

Using Amylosucrase for the Controlled Synthesis of Novel Isoquercitrin Glycosides with Different Glycosidic Linkages.

Many attempts have been made to obtain natural products with certain glycosidic linkages for improvement of their chemo-physical characteristics. Amylosucrase from (DGAS; EC.4.

Chemometric Analysis of Extracts and Fractions from Green, Oxidized, and Microbial Fermented Teas and Their Correlation to Potential Antioxidant and Anticancer Effects.

Previous reports on phytochemicals in green tea (GT) and processed teas mainly focused on more representative compounds such as catechins. Here, we focus on the insignificantly studied non-catechin components in tea extracts, and explore the multivariate correlation between diverse phenolic compounds in tea and the in vitro antioxidant and anticancer effects. Extracts from GT and four types of processed teas were further divided into hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions, whose phenolic compositions and antioxidant capacities were quantified using HPLC-MS and three antioxidant assays, respectively.

Amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis can be modulated under different reaction conditions to produce novel quercetin 4'-O-α-d-isomaltoside.

Amylosucrase (ASase, EC.4.2.

Addition of flavonols and polysaccharides as excipient ingredients into epicatechin rich green tea extract inhibited free radical formation and glucose uptake.

It was revealed that excipient ingredients such as flavonols (FVN) or polysaccharides (GTP) which could be derived from green tea enhanced catechin absorption. We hypothesized that the addition of FVN or GTP as excipient ingredients into epicatechin rich green tea extracts (GTE) may improve the health benefits that accompany its consumption. When FVN8.

pH-adjusted solvent extraction and reversed-phase HPLC quantification of isoflavones from soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.).

Soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merr., are among the most important food crops worldwide.

Enrichment of Polyglucosylated Isoflavones from Soybean Isoflavone Aglycones Using Optimized Amylosucrase Transglycosylation.

Isoflavones in soybeans are well-known phytoestrogens. Soy isoflavones present in conjugated forms are converted to aglycone forms during processing and storage. Isoflavone aglycones (IFAs) of soybeans in human diets have poor solubility in water, resulting in low bioavailability and bioactivity.

Stability and Fermentability of Green Tea Flavonols in In-Vitro-Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion and Human Fecal Fermentation.

Flavonols, the second most abundant flavonoids in green tea, exist mainly in the form of glycosides. Flavonols are known to have a variety of beneficial health effects; however, limited information is available on their fate in the digestive system. We investigated the digestive stability of flavonol aglycones and glycosides from green tea under simulated digestion and anaerobic human fecal fermentation.

Simple and Efficient Production of Highly Soluble Daidzin Glycosides by Amylosucrase from .

Transglycosylation of amylosucrase from (DGAS) was performed using daidzin (daidzein-7--glucoside). Unlike cyclodextrin glucanotransferase, DGAS led to the production of new daidzin glucosides with high conversion yields (89%). Structures of these daidzin glucosides (i.

Antioxidative, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anticancer Effects of Purified Flavonol Glycosides and Aglycones in Green Tea.

(1) Background: Extensive research has focused on flavan-3-ols, but information about the bioactivities of green tea flavonols is limited. (2) Methods: In this study, we investigated the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects of flavonol glycosides and aglycones from green tea using in vitro cell models. The fractions rich in flavonol glycoside (FLG) and flavonol aglycone (FLA) were obtained from green tea extract after treatment with tannase and cellulase, respectively.

Site-specific α-glycosylation of hydroxyflavones and hydroxyflavanones by amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis.

Amylosucrase (ASase) is a unique multifunctional enzyme exhibiting transglycosylation activity. In this study, the specificity of the transglycosylation activity of ASase was evaluated using several hydroxyflavones (HFVOs) and hydroxyflavanones (HFVAs). Our results reveal that the 3-OH and 7-OH positions of the mono-HFVOs and -HFVAs are resistant to transglycosylation by Deinococcus geothermalis ASase (DGAS), whereas the 6-OH and 4'-OH positions of the mono-HFVOs and -HFVAs exhibit relatively strong transglycosylation reactivities with the glucose donors released from sucrose by DGAS.

Theaflavin-Enriched Fraction Stimulates Adipogenesis in Human Subcutaneous Fat Cells.

Skin provides the first defense line against the environment while preserving physiological homeostasis. Subcutaneous tissues including fat depots that are important for maintaining skin structure and alleviating senescence are altered during aging. This study investigated whether theaflavin (TF) in green tea (GT) has skin rejuvenation effects.

Enzymatic modification of daidzin using heterologously expressed amylosucrase in .

Amylosucrases (ASase, EC 2.4.1.

Impact of Bioconversion of Gallated Catechins and Flavonol Glycosides on Bioaccessibility and Intestinal Cellular Uptake of Catechins.

Two bioconversions were applied to green tea extracts (GTE) and flavonol glycoside rich fraction (FVNg) derived from insoluble green tea extract by tannase and cellulase treatment in order to obtain gallated catechins (EnzGTE) and flavonol aglycone rich fraction (FVNa), respectively. The bioaccessibility of epicatechins from GTE increased with the addition of FVNg, FVNa, and flavonol aglycone rich fraction of commercial production (FVNap). Epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin-gallate (ECG) were highly recovered 4- and 125-fold, respectively, by adding FVNap.