Beneficiation and classification of ITO concentrate from waste LCD panel for industrial-scale indium extraction.

Currently, more than 55% of global indium production is consumed for indium tin oxide (ITO) production because of its excellent display properties mainly driven by demand for flat panel displays (FPDs) or LCDs. At the end of life, the waste LCD flows to the e-waste stream, accounts for 12.5% of the global e-waste, and is forecasted to be increasing progressively.

Sustainable valorization of semiconductor industry tantalum scrap using non-hazardous HF substitute lixiviant.

Global tantalum production from mines averages 1800 tons per year and hardly increases, but demand for tantalum in the electronics industry consistently increasing. Globally, 50% of total tantalum produced is being used for tantalum capacitors manufacturing, almost all demand from various industries is mainly met by primary resources only. Tantalum production and supply predominantly dominated by Congo and Rwanda which accounts for > 50%, add disadvantages for the strategic and economic competitiveness of other nations.

Synergistic Effects of Fluorine and WO Nanoparticles on the Surface of TiO Hollow Spheres for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity under Visible Light Irradiation.

TiO is an attractive catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. However, owing to its large band gap, it can only be activated by ultraviolet (UV) light, which constitutes a small portion of solar energy. Therefore, there has been significant interest in extending its light absorption range from UV to visible light.

Facile Synthesis of Amine-Functionalized CdTe Quantum Dots Dependence on Chain Length of Amines.

Amine-terminated CdTe quantum dots were fabricated by a non-toxic, facile, one-pot method via a non-dimethylcadmium precursor and non-injection-based synthesis. To enhance the quantum yield of the CdTe quantum dots, sufficient passivation of the surface was accomplished with alkyl amines, and their structure, optical properties, and photoluminescence efficiency were investigated. For amine-terminated CdTe quantum dots, the position of the absorption peak was red-shifted at timelapse, which implies an increase in the size of the nanocrystals.

Commercial indium recovery processes development from various e-(industry) waste through the insightful integration of valorization processes: A perspective.

Recycling of the waste LCD and recovery of indium which is an important classified critical raw material rarely have been industrially valorized for the circular economy due to lack of technology. Waste specific technology development is a cost-intensive and time-consuming process for the recycling industry. Hence, integrating existing technology for the purpose can address the e-waste issue in general and waste LCD in particular.

A Novel Synthetic Method for N Doped TiO Nanoparticles Through Plasma-Assisted Electrolysis and Photocatalytic Activity in the Visible Region.

Nitrogen doped TiO (N-TiO) nanoparticles were synthesized via a novel plasma enhanced electrolysis method using bulk titanium (Ti) as a source material and nitric acid as the nitrogen dopant. This method possesses remarkable merits with regard to the direct-metal synthesis of nanoparticles with its one-step process, eco-friendliness, and its ability to be mass produced. The nanoparticles were synthesized from bulk Ti metal and dipped in 5-15 mmol of a nitric acid electrolyte under the application of AC 500 V, the minimum range of voltage to generate plasma.

Synthesis of submicron silver powder from scrap low-temperature co-fired ceramic an e-waste: Understanding the leaching kinetics and wet chemistry.

The current study focuses on the understanding of leaching kinetics of metal in the LTCC in general and silver leaching in particular along with wet chemical reduction involving silver nanoparticle synthesis. Followed by metal leaching, the silver was selectively precipitated using HCl as AgCl. The precipitated AgCl was dissolved in ammonium hydroxide and reduced to pure silver metal nanopowder (NPs) using hydrazine as a reductant.

Selective recovery of silver from waste low-temperature co-fired ceramic and valorization through silver nanoparticle synthesis.

Considering the value of silver metal and silver nanoparticles, the waste generated during manufacturing of low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) were recycled through the simple yet cost effective process by chemical-metallurgy. Followed by leaching optimization, silver was selectively recovered through precipitation. The precipitated silver chloride was valorized though silver nanoparticle synthesis by a simple one-pot greener synthesis route.

Recycling of waste automotive laminated glass and valorization of polyvinyl butyral through mechanochemical separation.

Due to strong binding, optical clarity, adhesion to many surfaces, toughness and flexibility polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin films are commonly used in the automotive and architectural application as a protective interlayer in the laminated glass. Worldwide million tons of PVB waste generated from end-of-life automotive associated with various environmental issues. Stringent environmental directive, higher land cost eliminates land filling option, needs a study, we have developed a mechanochemical separation process to separate PVB resins from glass and characterized the separated PVB through various techniques, i.

Valorization of GaN based metal-organic chemical vapor deposition dust a semiconductor power device industry waste through mechanochemical oxidation and leaching: A sustainable green process.

Dust generated during metal organic vapor deposition (MOCVD) process of GaN based semiconductor power device industry contains significant amounts of gallium and indium. These semiconductor power device industry wastes contain gallium as GaN and Ga0.97N0.

Enhanced low-temperature power density of solid oxide fuel cell by nickel nanoparticle infiltration into pre-fired Ni/yttria-stabilized zirconia anode.

The Ni/yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) anode morphology of an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) unit cell was improved by nickel nanoparticle infiltration. A colloidal route was selected for efficient fabrication of nickel metal nanoparticles and subsequent infiltration into the Ni/YSZ anode of a pre-fired SOFC unit cell. The power density of the anode-supported SOFC unit cell was measured by the potentiostatic method to investigate the effect of nickel nanoparticle infiltration.

Improvement of dispersion stability and optical properties of CdSe/ZnSe structured quantum dots by polymer coating.

In this study, CdSe core and CdSe/ZnSe core/shell quantum dots with a narrow size distribution were synthesized in a micro-reactor. A PMMA coating applied to the surface of CdSe/ZnSe core/shell QDs to prevent degradation gave improved dispersion stability compared to the CdSe core and CdSe/ZnSe core/shell. Many previous approaches to dispersion stability have not been quantitatively assessed.

Recycling process for recovery of gallium from GaN an e-waste of LED industry through ball milling, annealing and leaching.

Waste dust generated during manufacturing of LED contains significant amounts of gallium and indium, needs suitable treatment and can be an important resource for recovery. The LED industry waste dust contains primarily gallium as GaN. Leaching followed by purification technology is the green and clean technology.