1-1-12 one-step wash-in scheme for desflurane-nitrous oxide low-flow anesthesia: rapid and predictable induction.

Background: We propose a 1-1-12 wash-in scheme for desflurane-nitrous oxide (N2O) low-flow anesthesia. The objective of our study was to determine the time to achieve alveolar concentration of desflurane (FAD) at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6%.

Methods: We enrolled 106 patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia.