A Framework for Optimizing Deep Learning-Based Lane Detection and Steering for Autonomous Driving.

Improving the ability of autonomous vehicles to accurately identify and follow lanes in various contexts is crucial. This project aims to provide a novel framework for optimizing a self-driving vehicle that can detect lanes and steer accordingly. A virtual sandbox environment was developed in Unity3D that provides a semi-automated procedural road and driving generation framework for a variety of road scenarios.

Factors governing formation from methyl halogens and pseudohalogens.

The formation of following the double ionization of small organic compounds via a roaming mechanism, which involves the generation of H and subsequent proton abstraction, has recently garnered significant attention. Nonetheless, a cohesive model explaining trends in the yield of characterizing these unimolecular reactions is yet to be established. We report yield and femtosecond time-resolved measurements following the strong-field double ionization of CHX molecules, where X = OD, Cl, NCS, CN, SCN, and I.

Identification of ABHD6 as a lysophosphatidylserine lipase in the mammalian liver and kidneys.

Lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS) is a potent hormone-like signaling lysophospholipid, which regulates many facets of mammalian biology and dysregulation in its metabolism is associated with several human neurological and autoimmune diseases. Despite the physiological importance and causal relation with human pathophysiology, little is known about the metabolism of lyso-PS in tissues other than the nervous and immune systems. To address this problem, here, we attempted to identify one (or more) lipase(s) capable of degrading lyso-PS in different mammalian tissues.

In Vitro Engineered ECM-incorporated Hydrogels for Osteochondral Tissue Repair: A Cell-Free Approach.

Prevalence of osteoarthritis has been increasing in aging populations, which has necessitated the use of advanced biomedical treatments. These involve grafts or delivering drug molecules entrapped in scaffolds. However, such treatments often show suboptimal therapeutic effects due to poor half-life and off-target effects of drug molecules.

Mixed-species Pseudomonas biofilms: a novel and sustainable strategy for malachite green dye decolorization and detoxification.

This study investigated the application of mixed biofilms formed by two Pseudomonas strains (NAA22 and NAA23) for bio-decolorization of malachite green (MG) dye. The isolated strains displayed biofilm formation and MG decolorization capabilities. Mixed biofilms exhibited significantly greater biofilm formation and MG decolorization (94.

Investigation of the molecular level interaction in [CH3OH-CH2X2] complexes (X = I, Br, and Cl) using matrix-isolation IR spectroscopy.

The [CH3OH-CH2X2] (X = Cl, Br, and I) complexes have been studied to understand the tendency towards the formation of hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds. Three different types of interactions viz., C-X· · ·O, C-H· · ·O, and O-H· · ·X, are possible between the CH3OH and CH2X2.

Untangling plastic responses to combined thermal and dietary stress in insects.

Animals are exposed to changes in their environmental conditions daily. Such changes will become increasingly more erratic and unpredictable with ongoing climate change. Responses to changing environments are influenced by the genetic architecture of the traits under selection, and modified by a range of physiological, developmental, and behavioural changes resulting from phenotypic plasticity.

Spectroscopic approach to optimize the biogenic silver nanoparticles for photocatalytic removal of ternary dye mixture and ecotoxicological impact of treated wastewater.

The fabricating of extremely effective, economical, ecologically safe, and reusable nanoparticle (NP) catalysts for the removal of water pollution is urgently needed. This study, spectroscopically optimizes the process parameters for the biogenic synthesis of AgNP catalysts using Cledrdendrum infortunatum leaf extract. The optimization of several synthesis parameters was systematically studied using UV-Vis spectroscopy to identify the ideal conditions for AgNPs formation.

Inhibiting de novo lipogenesis identifies a therapeutic vulnerability in therapy-resistant colorectal cancer.

A significant clinical challenge in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), which adversely impacts patient survival, is the development of therapy resistance leading to a relapse. Therapy resistance and relapse in CRC is associated with the formation of lipid droplets (LD) by stimulating de novo lipogenesis (DNL). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the increase in DNL and the susceptibility to DNL-targeted therapies remain unclear.

Get to know your neighbors with a SNAQ™: A framework for single cell spatial neighborhood analysis in immunohistochemical images.

Analyzing the local microenvironment of tumor cells can provide significant insights into their complex interactions with their cellular surroundings, including immune cells. By quantifying the prevalence and distances of certain immune cells in the vicinity of tumor cells through a neighborhood analysis, patterns may emerge that indicate specific associations between cell populations. Such analyses can reveal important aspects of tumor-immune dynamics, which may inform therapeutic strategies.

A high-resolution hydrodynamics and sediment dataset in the coastline waters of the Northern Bay of Bengal.

Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) - Community Sediment Transport Modeling System (CSTMS) model used to acquire a dataset of physical variables and sediment on the continental shelf of India and countries adjacent to the Northern Bay of Bengal. The high-resolution model resolved the complex bathymetry taken from ETOPO2, forced by COADS climatological winds. Furthermore, the tides are taken from TPXO7 and lateral boundaries from SODA with initial condition from WOA09 and sediment concentration set to zero in the simulation.

The coordination chemistry of -butylcalix[8]arene with transition and lanthanide metal ions.

A survey of the literature and the Cambridge Structural Database reveals thirty nine -butylcalix[8]arene-supported transition (3d, limited to V-Cu) and lanthanide metal complexes ranging in nuclearity from one to eighteen, twenty of which are homometallic and nineteen of which are heterometallic. We provide a review of the coordination chemistry of these complexes, including our own work in the area. We also provide our thoughts and perspectives on the common structural themes observed, identify gaps in knowledge and evaluate how that may inform and direct future synthetic efforts.

Motif distribution in genomes gives insights into gene clustering and co-regulation.

We read the genome as proteins in the cell would - by studying the distributions of 5-6 base motifs of DNA in the whole genome or smaller stretches such as parts of, or whole chromosomes. This led us to some interesting findings about motif clustering and chromosome organization. It is quite clear that the motif distribution in genomes is not random at the length scales we examined: 1 kb to entire chromosomes.

Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photocatalysis.

The global energy crisis and environmental concerns are driving research into renewable energy and sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies. Solar energy, as an ideal sustainable resource, has significant potential to contribute to the goal of net-zero carbon emissions if effectively harnessed and converted into a reliable and storable form of energy. Photocatalysts have the potential to convert sunlight into chemical energy carriers.

RNAi-biofungicides: a quantum leap for tree fungal pathogen management.

Fungal diseases threaten the forest ecosystem, impacting tree health, productivity, and biodiversity. Conventional approaches to combating diseases, such as biological control or fungicides, often reach limits regarding efficacy, resistance, non-target organisms, and environmental impact, enforcing alternative approaches. From an environmental and ecological standpoint, an RNA interference (RNAi) mediated double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-based strategy can effectively manage forest fungal pathogens.

Tubercular arachnoiditis: A rare culprit of paraparesis in a young adult - A case report and review of literature.

Background: The prevalence of central nervous system tuberculosis (TB) is about 1-2% of all TB cases. Atypical cases like the present case, being interpreted as leptomeningeal metastasis in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can pose a dilemma, delaying or even leading to mistreatment.

Case Description: A 19-year-old male presented with acute onset paraparesis and bowel bladder involvement presented with an MRI lumbar spine suggesting leptomeningeal metastasis from D11-L5 levels who underwent decompression biopsy which on histopathological examination revealed to be tubercular granulomatous infection.

Haematological parameters as predictors of severe dengue: a study from northern districts of West Bengal.

Background Objectives: A hike in dengue cases was recorded in last two years, resulting from both single and multiple-serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) and secondary infections, culminating in significant hospitalizations and deaths in India. This study focuses on evaluating symptomatic and haematological parameters in acute dengue patients of the northern part of West Bengal to predict disease severity early on and also to analyze the correlation between circulating DENV serotypes with severity.

Methods: Dengue patients (N=540) diagnosed as NS1 positives were categorized into 13.

Systemic Cancer Hallmarks as Novel Markers Associated with Progression-free Survival in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Patients Undergoing PRRT.

Introduction: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors often detected at the metastatic stage. The aim of this study was to profile the peripheral blood transcriptome through RNA-Seq and investigate the association of the systemic cancer hallmarks with progression-free survival in PRRT-treated GEP-NET patients.

Methods: The cohorts were: discovery cohort [PRRT-naïve well-differentiated GEP-NETs, n=59; age- and sex-matched healthy individuals, n=38], and independent evaluation cohort [GEP-NETs, n=66].

Integration of metal-organic frameworks and clay toward functional composite materials.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have become increasingly important as a class of porous crystalline materials because of their diverse applications. At the same time, significant progress has been achieved in the field of MOF-based composite materials toward novel applications based on the synergistic effect of two or more different components. Clay materials have been explored recently in MOF chemistry for the synthesis of MOF-clay composites, which are a new class of functional materials synthesized by a cooperative combination of MOFs with clay.

Generative adversarial network (GAN) model-based design of potent SARS-CoV-2 M inhibitors using the electron density of ligands and 3D binding pockets: insights from molecular docking, dynamics simulation, and MM-GBSA analysis.

Deep learning-based generative adversarial network (GAN) frameworks have recently been developed to expedite the drug discovery process. These models generate novel molecules from scratch and validate them through molecular docking simulation to identify the most promising candidates for a given drug target. In this study, the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M) was selected as the drug target.

The dual role of toll-like receptors in COVID-19: Balancing protective immunity and immunopathogenesis.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) of human are considered as the most critical immunological mediators of inflammatory pathogenesis of COVID-19. These immunoregulatory glycoproteins are located on the surface and/or intracellular compartment act as innate immune sensors. Upon binding with distinct SARS-CoV-2 ligand(s), TLRs signal activation of different transcription factors that induce expression of the proinflammatory mediators that collectively induce 'cytokine storm'.