Objectives: Single dose prophylaxis is good enough for general surgery with low risk patients. However, the evidence for the effectiveness of single dose anti-microbial prophylaxis (AMP) is not conclusive in high risk patients and spinal surgeries requiring instrumentation or the use of implants in particular. No studies have explored the various concentration of ceftriaxone in plasma and tissue as well during an ongoing spinal surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudies have determined the serum concentration of ceftriaxone in the adult population, but there are only a few studies that measured the tissue concentrations. However, no studies have concurrently evaluated the serum and tissue concentrations of ceftrixaone in elective pediatric surgery patients. Therefore, our study was planned to evaluate the serum and tissue concentrations of single dose intravenous prophylactic ceftriaxone intra-operatively during an ongoing pediatric surgery and the outcome of surgical-site infections (SSIs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLimited data are present regarding the steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of colistin in critically ill patients suffering from multi-drug-resistant gram-negative bacterial (MDR-GNB) infections. We aimed to profile the steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of colistin in critically ill patients with MDR-GNB infections, along with determining the predictors that could influence the clinical, microbiological and safety outcome. We recruited 30 critically ill patients suffering from MDR-GNB infections in our prospective open-label study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol
November 2016
Background: Diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus, and the different drug combinations available do not provide effective pain relief. The present study was performed to observe the effect of amitripyline, duloxetine, sitagliptin, and pregabalin, and their combinations on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy.
Methods: Diabetic neuropathy was induced by STZ, and the tail-flick test was used to assess thermal hyperalgesia before and after (at 30, 60, and 120 min) drug administration.
Objective: To determine the predictive validity of some of the commonly employed models of mania and depression using standard drugs i.e. lithium (70 mg/kg) and lamotrigine (5 mg/kg) in male Wistar rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cefotaxime is a widely utilized cephalosporin in most intensive care units of India. However, no data are available about its pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic variability in critically ill patients of the Indian population.
Aim: To investigate the variability in the plasma concentration and pharmacodynamic profile of intermittent dosing of cefotaxime in critically ill patients, according to their locus of infection and causative organism.
Background And Aim: Widespread use of imipenem in intensive care units (ICUs) in India has led to the development of numerous carbapenemase-producing strains of pathogens. The altered pathophysiological state in critically ill patients could lead to subtherapeutic antibiotic levels. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the variability in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of imipenem in critically ill patients admitted to an ICU in India.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To compare the effects of different dosages of calcium and verapamil on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats and rabbits.
Materials And Methods: Rabbits and rats of either sex in weight range of 1.5-2.
Objective: Obesity plays a central role in the insulin resistance syndrome, which is associated with hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The present study was done to assess the effect of Gymnema sylvestre extract (GSE) in the high fat diet (HFD)-induced cellular obesity and cardiac damage in Wistar rats.
Materials And Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (150-200 g body weight) were used in this study.