In Situ Ag-Seeded Lamellar TiC Nanosheets: An Electroactive Interface for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Oral Carcinoma via Salivary TNF-α Sensing.

In the fast-paced quest for early cancer detection, noninvasive screening techniques have emerged as game-changers, offering simple and accessible avenues for precession diagnostics. In line with this, our study highlights the potential of silver nanoparticle-decorated titanium carbide MXene nanosheets (TiC_AgNPs) as an electroactive interface for the noninvasive diagnosis of oral carcinoma based on the prevalence of the salivary biomarker, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). An in situ reduction was utilized to synthesize the TiC_AgNPs nanohybrid, wherein TiC acts as the reducing agent, and the resulting nanohybrid was subjected to various characterization techniques to examine the optical, structural, and morphological attributes.

Biomarkers.

Background: Thyroid disorders is one of the most common endocrine disorders. It is estimated that 42 million people suffer from thyroid disorders in India. The imbalance in thyroid hormone levels can significantly impact cognitive health of older population.

Biomarkers.

Background: Physiological and mental functions decline as the person ages. However, studies have found that a group of people who are more than 80 years have better cognitive functioning than their peers and also similar to 2-3 decades younger counterpart group. These people are termed as "Superagers".

Mapping the molecular mechanism of zinc catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction: a computational study.

The Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling (SMC) reaction is a powerful method for forming carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis. Recent advancements in SMC reactions have introduced first-row transition metal catalysts, with zinc garnering significant interest due to its cost-effective and eco-friendly nature. Despite progress in experimental protocols, the mechanistic details of zinc-catalyzed SMC reactions are limited.

Artificial intelligence as a proficient tool in detecting pulmonary tuberculosis in massive population screening programs: a case study in Chennai, India.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of Genki, a computer-aided detection (CADe) software, in detecting tuberculosis (TB) using chest radiography in a mobile TB screening program in Chennai, India.

Materials And Methods: Genki, an AI-based CADe software, was employed in four mobile diagnostic units in remote areas of Chennai, India for screening TB. Patients from remote areas of Chennai who visited the vans and registered in the screening program underwent chest radiography, and the acquired X-ray scans were analyzed using Genki, which provided an assessment of each scan as either "TB suggestive" or "TB not suggestive".

Formulation Design, Optimization, and Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded With an Antiviral Drug Tenofovir Using Box-Behnken Design for Boosting Oral Bioavailability.

The current study aimed to improve the oral bioavailability of tenofovir (TNF), an antihuman immunodeficiency viral (HIV) drug, by integrating it into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), an emerging lipid formulation. The suggested SLNs were generated utilizing the microemulsion process, using Compritol 888 ATO. A Box-Behnken experimental design was attempted to analyze the impact of critical quality attributes (CQAs), such as lipid and surfactant content and homogenization duration on response metrics such as particle size (PS) and percentage entrapment.

Magnetoelectric properties and Morin type spin transitions of Na-doped GaFeO.

The effects of Na doping on the structure magnetic, electric, and magnetoelectric properties of GaFeOwere studied. Rietveld refinement of the XRD data reveals the formation of a single-phase trigonal structure with no impurity on Na doping up to 50% and a significant increase in lattice strain with doping. FTIR and Raman analysis further supported the phase purity of the samples.

Machine Learning and GLCM Analysis for Enhanced AMD Detection in Retinal Image.

Global blindness is substantially influenced by age-related macular degeneration (AMD). It significantly shortens people's lives and severely impairs their visual acuity. AMD is becoming more common, requiring improved diagnostic and prognostic methods.

Clinical and radiographic assessment of effect of platelet-rich fibrin on dental implant osseointegration - A split mouth randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Biomimetic agents are being researched for their potential to stimulate bone formation and boost bone-implant contact. The objective of this study was to assess how osseointegration of dental implants is impacted by platelet-rich fibrin.

Materials And Methods: The present study was a randomized clinical trial with a split mouth design.

In Vitro Comparison of Polymerization Techniques on the Strength and Hardness of Denture Base Resins.

Purpose: Acrylic dentures fabricated using polymethyl methacrylate are subjected to either intraoral fatigue stress or extraoral impact stress, eventually forming microcracks and fractures. This limitation should be overcome by either modification in the acrylic resin material or in polymerization techniques. This study compares the impact strength and flexural strength of high-impact resin to conventional resin in short- and long-heat polymerization settings.

An Enhanced Scrutiny of Mechanistic and Translational Approaches to Extinguish Cancer Hypoxia.

Cancer continues to pose a formidable challenge in global health due to its incidence and increasing resistance to conventional therapies. A key factor driving this resistance is tumor hypoxia, characterized by reduced oxygen levels within cancer cells. This hypoxic environment triggers a variety of adaptive mechanisms, significantly compromising the efficacy of cancer treatments.

Comparative investigation of structural properties and biological applications of chemical and biogenic synthesis of zirconium dioxide (ZrO) nanoparticles using Passiflora edulis.

Over the last decade, the environmental and wellness cost of antibiotic drug resistance to the societies have been astounding and require urgent attention Metal oxide nanomaterials have been achieved a pull-on deal with its entire applications in biological and photocatalytic applications. The present study conducts a comparative investigation on chemical and biogenic synthesis of zirconium dioxide (ZrO) nanoparticles aimed at enhancing their efficacy in their applications. The plant extract of Passiflora edulis act as a reducing and capping properties offering a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative.

Innovations in Drug Delivery Systems for Biologics: Enhancing Stability and Targeted Delivery for Next-Generation Therapeutics.

The aim of this study is to explore and evaluate recent innovations in drug delivery systems (DDS) for biologics, focusing on enhancing stability and targeted delivery to improve the efficacy and safety of next-generation therapeutics. The most recent developments in a variety of DDS, such as nanoparticles, microneedles, hydrogels, and biodegradable polymers, were examined in depth. Information from peer-audited diaries, clinical preliminaries, and mechanical reports were blended to survey the presentation of these frameworks concerning dependability, designated conveyance, patient consistence, and controlled discharge.

Synergistic design of CuO/CoFe₂O₄/MWCNTs ternary nanocomposite for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible light.

This study involves a novel CuO/CoFe₂O₄/MWCNTs (CCT) nanocomposite, developed by integrating cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible light. The photocatalyst was extensively characterized using XRD, HR-SEM, EDX, HR-TEM, UV-Vis, BET, and PL analysis. The synthesized CoFe₂O₄ and CuO nanoparticles exhibited crystallite sizes of 46.

Adherence and forgiveness of two modern ART regimens: lamivudine/dolutegravir and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide/rilpivirine.

Introduction: Few data are available about the forgiveness of two-drug (2DR) or low-barrier three-drug antiretroviral regimens. The aim of this study is to evaluate the real-life forgiveness of lamivudine/dolutegravir (3TC/DTG) and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide/rilpivirine (FTC/TAF/RPV).

Methods: A two center retrospective observational study enrolled all people with HIV (PWH) treated with 3TC/DTG or FTC/TAF/RPV.

Intersecting vulnerabilities: Substance abuse in indigenous communities in Southern India.

Background: Substance usage is a growing concern among tribal communities in the southern region of Kerala, as it is associated with various social, health, and economic problems. alcohol being the most commonly abused substance. This is particularly true in Southern Kerala, where the prevalence of alcohol abuse among tribal communities is estimated to be between 20% and 30%.

Functional Outcomes Following Partial Osteotomy of the Calcaneal Tuberosity for Haglund's Syndrome.

Background Haglund's syndrome, a common cause of pain in the posterior heel that consists of painful swelling of the local soft tissues and prominence of the posterosuperior calcaneal projection, presents significant challenges in treatment, particularly when conservative management fails. This study evaluates the functional outcomes following oblique partial excision of the posterosuperior portion (calcaneal tuberosity osteotomy) of the calcaneus for Haglund's syndrome. Methods A cohort of 30 patients, aged 18 years and older, with persistent heel pain unresponsive to conservative treatments, underwent partial osteotomy using a medial or lateral approach.

Long-Term Results Using "Nair Hospital Precision Carving" Technique of Rhinoplasty.

 Convincing a patient who has undergone any aesthetic surgery to come for a long-term follow-up is extremely difficult. The result obtained after rhinoplasty usually stabilizes in the first year and it is unlikely to change after 2 years. The precision carving technique described in 2014 has been employed by us for the last several years.

Physico-chemical characteristics of fresh faecal matter from a residential apartment: a short-term study conducted at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

The study presents findings from physico-chemical and elemental analyses of fresh faecal matter from a residential apartment in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Samples were taken every 8-10 days over 4 months to account for variability and establish baseline data. The study also examines the influence of dietary patterns and toilet cleaners on faecal sludge properties.

Designing a summative assessment blueprint in community medicine: an expert consensus approach at All India Institute of Medical Sciences.

Background: Despite the increasing integration of competency-based education in medicine, there remains a significant gap in effectively assessing educational outcomes, underscoring the urgent need for designed assessment blueprints that accurately reflect both curriculum content and competency standards in Community Medicine for undergraduate students. This study, conducted across the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) network, develops a summative assessment blueprint aimed at standardizing evaluations in medical education across diverse geographic locations in India.

Methods: Twenty-five experts from 10 All India Institutes of Medical Science were invited via email and contributed for summative assessment for a theory paper.