Publications by authors named "Chaix M"
In congenital heart diseases (CHD) of moderate to great complexity involving the right ventricle (RV), the morphologic RV can be exposed to significant stressors across the lifespan either in a biventricular circulation in a sub-pulmonary or sub-aortic position, or as part of a univentricular circulation. These include pressure and/or volume overload, hypoxia, ischemia, and periprocedural surgical stress leading to remodeling, maladaptation, dilation hypertrophy and dysfunction. This review examines the macroscopic remodeling of the RV in various forms of CHD and explores remodeling trajectories, along with the effects of surgeries and residual lesion repair, in tetralogy of Fallot, Ebstein anomaly, congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, transposition of the great arteries with atrial switch surgery, and single ventricle palliated by Fontan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMajor role of dolutegravir in the emergence of the S147G integrase resistance mutation.
J Antimicrob Chemother
December 2024
Background: The S147G mutation is associated with high-level resistance to the integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) elvitegravir. In several poorly documented cases, it was also selected in patients on dolutegravir. Given the widespread use of dolutegravir, further studies of S147G are required.
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- The study examines the long-term outcomes of patients with univentricular heart and total cavopulmonary connection Fontan, focusing on those with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) compared to other types.
- The research found that patients with HLHS experienced a significantly higher incidence of adverse cardiovascular events, including death and transplantation, with a hazard ratio indicating over six times the risk.
- The findings suggest that HLHS is a critical factor in determining poorer outcomes in patients with this heart condition.
Article Synopsis
- Surveillance of Transmitted Drug Resistance (TDR) is essential for understanding the changes in HIV trends, with a focus on multiple types of antiretroviral drugs and new treatments.
- A study involving 85 individuals diagnosed with primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) from 2020 to 2023 analyzed genetic sequences to identify TDR and its impact on drug resistance, revealing varying levels of resistance to several drug classes.
- The findings highlight the importance of monitoring TDR at the onset of HIV infection to improve treatment strategies and the effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with newer drug options.
Background: There is a paucity of data regarding sex-related differences on cardiac outcomes in the context of transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with a systemic right ventricle and biventricular physiology (sRV-biV). Moreover, the long-term impact of pregnancy on cardiac outcomes remains unknown.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify sex-related differences and the influence of pregnancy on cardiac outcomes in TGA sRV-biV population.
Background: There is a paucity of data on long-term outcomes after Fontan palliation in patients with a dominant morphological univentricular right (uRV) vs left (uLV) ventricle.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of atrial arrhythmias, thromboembolic events, cardiac transplantation, and death following Fontan palliation in patients with uRV vs uLV.
Methods: The Alliance for Adult Research in Congenital Cardiology conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study on patients with total cavopulmonary connection Fontan palliation across 12 centers in North America.
Background: Up to one-half of adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) experience psychological distress, including anxiety.
Objectives: This paper sought to: 1) assess the contribution of illness perception in explaining anxiety symptoms beyond sociodemographic and medical variables in adults with CHD; and 2) investigate the potential mediating effect of coping style.
Methods: CHD adult patients were recruited at Montreal Heart Institute between June 2019 and April 2021 for this cross-sectional study.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers found low levels of cabotegravir in patients after 1 and 3 months, particularly in those who didn't have an oral lead-in before the injection.
- * Additionally, higher body mass index (BMI) was linked to reduced cabotegravir concentrations, indicating that these factors can affect treatment efficacy.
Background: Patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and their parents face challenges throughout their lives that can lead to anxiety lasting into adulthood. We aim to assess the association between perceived parenting practices and anxiety beyond paediatric medical-surgical histories in adults with CHD.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of adults with CHD was conducted at the Montreal Heart Institute (MHI).
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) among critically ill patients during the Omicron variant wave, finding it affects 5.1% of patients and 9.1% of those on invasive mechanical ventilation.
- CAPA patients showed higher rates of immunosuppression and required more intensive care measures, like vasopressors and renal therapy, compared to non-CAPA patients.
- While CAPA did not significantly impact day-28 mortality, it was linked to longer mechanical ventilation and ICU stays, suggesting a shift in outcomes with emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Article Synopsis
- Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are now the recommended first-line treatment for HIV in low- and middle-income countries due to rising resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).
- A study analyzed samples from West Africa and Southeast Asia to assess the prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) to INSTIs, finding a low frequency of 1.1% while overall PDR to any drug class was significantly higher at 17.9%.
- The findings advocate for the use of INSTIs in these regions yet highlight the urgent need to prevent further drug resistance to ensure effective treatment outcomes.
Introduction: The Fontan procedure is the palliative procedure of choice for patients with single ventricle physiology. Pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) is an important contributor to Fontan circulatory failure.
Areas Covered: We review the pathophysiology of PVD in patients with Fontan palliation and share our initial experience with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in supplementing standard hemodynamics in characterizing Fontan-associated PVD.
Article Synopsis
- - A case study is presented about a patient who received an allogeneic stem cell transplant and contracted a SARS-CoV-2 infection in a hospital setting.
- - The patient was treated with the neutralizing monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab just two days after the COVID-19 diagnosis.
- - Despite the treatment, the patient developed severe pneumonia and ultimately died, with the emergence of resistance mutations to the antibody.
Background: Fenestrating a Fontan baffle has been associated with improved perioperative outcomes in patients with univentricular hearts. However, longer-term potential adverse effects remain debated. We sought to assess the impact of a fenestrated Fontan baffle on adverse cardiovascular events including all-cause mortality, cardiac transplantation, atrial arrhythmias, and thromboemboli.
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- A study was conducted on 158 adult patients with acute respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2, focusing on the impact of various Omicron sublineages, including BA.2, BA.4/BA.5, and BQ.1.1.
- Patients infected with the recent BQ.1.1 variant displayed a higher rate of obesity and a lower rate of immunosuppression compared to those with earlier sublineages.
- Despite these differences in patient characteristics, there was no significant variation in disease severity at ICU admission, organ support needs, or 28-day mortality across the different sublineage groups.
The presence of a systemic right ventricle (sRV) with biventricular physiology (biV) is associated with increased patient morbidity and mortality. To date, no pharmacologic therapy for heart failure has been proven effective for patients with systolic dysfunction of the sRV-biV. We designed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial to compare sacubitril/valsartan treatment to placebo in adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with moderate-to-severe sRV-biV dysfunction and New York Heart Association functional class II to III symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVentricular arrhythmia in congenital heart diseases with a systemic right ventricle.
Int J Cardiol Congenit Heart Dis
September 2023
Congenital heart disease (CHD) often involves the systemic right ventricle (SRV), which is the morphological right ventricle that supports systemic circulation. SRV patients are at a higher risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) than other adult CHD patients and continues to be a significant cause of death in this aging population. However, the pathophysiology of ventricular arrhythmias in SRV is still not fully understood, and there may be differences between subtypes of CHD.
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- The study focused on the prevalence and incidence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in a trial for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
- Out of 416 MSM participants, 14.9% tested positive for HEV at the start, with only older age being a significant factor linked to positivity.
- The overall incidence rate for new HEV infections over an average follow-up of 2.1 years was low at 1.19% per 100 person-years, suggesting that sexual transmission is not a major concern for HEV in this group, unlike hepatitis A virus (HAV).
Aims: The aim of our study was to assess, with Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM), exhaustive information on the glucose profile in people with diabetes starting chemotherapy. We also evaluated the adaptation of glucose-lowering drugs following analysis of CGM recordings.
Methods: Eighty-five people with diabetes starting chemotherapy were included in the ONCODIAB study.
Article Synopsis
- Vaccination against hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis B (HBV) is strongly recommended for men who have sex with men (MSM), with a study evaluating vaccine uptake during the ANRS IPERGAY pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trial.
- Out of 427 MSM participants analyzed, a significant number were non-immune to HAV (50.4%), with high vaccination uptake: 96.1% received at least one dose of HAV vaccine, and 97.6% of HBV non-immune participants received at least one HBV vaccine dose.
- Overall, complete vaccination resulted in a high rate of immunity, showing that PrEP visits are crucial for offering vaccination to at-risk MSM who are