Comparative Study of Topical Application of Injection Tranexamic Acid and Anterior Nasal Packing in the Management of Epistaxis.

Epistaxis, defined as bleeding from the nose, is one of the common ENT cases coming to emergency department. Epistaxis is experienced by at least 60% of the population once in their life time and about 6% of them will require medical attention. The different treatment modalities include: local pressure, application of topical vasoconstrictor substances, or nasal packing depending on personal physician preference.

Assessment of Hearing in Patients with Head Injury: A Prospective Study.

Background: Hearing impairment is a well-known outcome of head trauma. The most prevalent site of injury is the peripheral structures. Hearing loss dissipates in most cases but can continue in some cases and may improve in some.

Cytomorphological findings in drug defaulters of tuberculous lymphadenitis.

Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is an important health problem specially in the developing countries. Although effective chemotherapy is available, compliance of patient is a major challenge. The aim of this study was to describe cytomorphological features of drug defaulters on lymph node on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and compare it with newly diagnosed cases.

Autoimmune hepatitis unmasked by dengue infection - An unexplored and rare association.

Dengue hepatitis is mostly asymptomatic but can lead to liver failure. Autoimmune hepatitis is mainly the disease of females and a potentially treatable cause of chronic liver disease. We report a rare case in which autoimmune hepatitis was unmasked by Dengue infection.

A retrospective cohort study of bladder cancer following the COVID-19 pandemic: Are patients presenting with more aggressive disease?

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in delays in the treatment of patients with urological malignancies. The management of bladder cancer (BC) in particular poses a significant challenge given the recurrent nature of the disease and the intense follow-up regime required for many cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential changes in the presentation and operative management of BC in our hospital following the pandemic.

Not-so-minimal for minimally invasive surgery.

Sub-macular hemorrhage poses a potential threat to vision if left untreated. The preferred surgical technique to clear sub-macular hemorrhage includes vitrectomy followed by retinotomy using a 41G needle with subsequent injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) followed by air/SF6 injection into the sub-retinal space. A malleable nature, increased resistance, and the cost of the 41G needle limit its use.

Tunable Surface Wrinkling by a Bio-Inspired Polyamine Anion Coacervation Process that Mediates the Assembly of Polyoxometalate Nanoclusters.

A bio-inspired method is used to render controlled wrinkling surface patterns on supramolecular architectures assembled from polyoxometalate (POM) clusters. It involves a polyamine-multivalent anion interaction generating positively charged coacervates, which while dictating the assembly of POM into spherical structures further facilitate an interesting surface morphogenesis with wrinkling patterns. This spontaneous surface wrinkling depends on the type of multivalent anion and the pH.

Safety & efficacy of single subconjunctival triamcinolone 5 mg depot topical loteprednol post cataract surgery: less drop cataract surgery.

Aim: To do a randomized prospective interventional study for comparing the effects of a single subconjunctival triamcinolone acetonide (SCTA) injection to tapering topical loteprednol in patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery under topical anesthesia.

Methods: A total of 400 patients were randomized into 2 groups; Group A (200 patients) received 5 mg SCTA at the end of surgery and topical ketorolac tromethamine (0.5%) with ofloxacin (0.

Efficacy of Tinnitus Retraining Therapy, A Modish Management of Tinnitus: Our Experience.

Tinnitus retraining therapy involves masking of tinnitus at sound perception level in combination with structured counselling sessions. To assess efficacy of Tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) in Patients of Tinnitus with Sensori Neural Hearing loss. Prospective study was carried out on patients who presented with Tinnitus in ENT OPD from December 2015 to December 2016.

A novel frameshift deletion in causing sanfilipo type III-B in an Indian family.

Mucopolysaccharidoses are group of inherited lysosomal storage disorder. Two siblings of a family manifested behavioral abnormalities; hepatosplenomegaly and hypotonia of infantile onset were found to have a novel homozygous frameshift variation, p.Leu280TrpfsTer19 in .

Osteopontin, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Chronic Kidney Disease.

The pleiotropic cytokine osteopontin (OPN) is found to be involved in the pathogenesis of both kidney and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the relationship between OPN, other cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) (predialysis) patients. This is a 2-year cross-sectional prospective study involving 75 patients with CKD from stage 1 to stage 5 attending the nephrology outpatient department and 25 healthy controls.

Playing to your skills: a randomised controlled trial evaluating a dedicated video game for minimally invasive surgery.

Background: Video gaming demands elements of visual attention, hand-eye coordination and depth perception which may be contiguous with laparoscopic skill development. General video gaming has demonstrated altered cortical plasticity and improved baseline/acquisition of minimally invasive skills. The present study aimed to evaluate for skill acquisition associated with a commercially available dedicated laparoscopic video game (Underground) and its unique (laparoscopic-like) controller for the Nintendo®Wii U™ console.

Employment Status of Patients Receiving Maintenance Dialysis - Peritoneal and Hemodialysis: A Cross-sectional Study.

The long-term dialysis therapy for end-stage renal disease takes a heavy toll of quality of life of the patient. Several factors such as fatigue and decreased physical capability, impaired social and mental functioning, contribute to this forlorn state. To meld maintenance dialysis treatment with a regular employment can be a serious test.

Analysis of a novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay as a sensitive tool for the diagnosis of indeterminate and tuberculoid forms of leprosy.

Objective/background: Clinical diagnosis of indeterminate and tuberculoid leprosy is often difficult due to limited and confounding signs and symptoms. In the current study, we evaluated the utility of new multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Mycobacterium leprae-specific DNA sequences in the pseudogene regions of ML1545, ML2180, and ML2179 for PCR-based diagnosis of indeterminate leprosy (IND) and leprosy cases across the immunological spectrum. The sensitivity was compared with that of RLEP PCR.

Genomic diversity in Mycobacterium leprae isolates from leprosy cases in South India.

Objective: The Objective of this study was to identify the strain diversity of Mycobacterium leprae in terms of SNP types and subtypes stratified as per genomic single nucleotide polymorphisms, in clinical isolates of leprosy patients from a tertiary care leprosy center in South India. Further, the associations of SNP types with clinical outcomes in leprosy were also investigated.

Methods: DNA was extracted from excisional skin biopsies of a total of 172 newly diagnosed untreated leprosy patients from a clinic in Tamil Nadu, in south India, that also serves patients from neighboring states.

Evaluation of New Antibacterial Drugs and their Combinations in a Murine Model to Identify Short Duration Alternative Chemotherapy for Leprosy.

The objective of the research is to test the efficacy of new drugs and drug combinations in mice infected with Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) as alternative to current WHO MDT. Individual drugs tested were Rifampicin (RMP), Rifapentine (RPT) and Moxifloxacin (MOXI).

Evaluation of anti-bacterial activity of Rifapentine, Clarithromycin, Minocycline, Moxifloxacin, Ofloxacin and their combinations in Murine Model of Rifampicin Resistant Leprosy.

Leprosy, a debilitating disease of the skin and peripheral nerves is caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) and is treated by multidrug therapy (MDT) comprising of Dapsone, Rifampicin and Clofazimine. Resistance to any of these drugs poses a threat to the current disease control strategies.

Disseminated Trichosporon infection in a renal transplant recipient.

Trichosporon species are basidiomycetous yeast-like anamorphic organisms (Basidiomycota, Hymenomycetes, Tremelloidae, Trichosporonales) that are widely distributed in nature. Trichosporon species colonize the skin and gastrointestinal tract of humans. We present a report of disseminated Trichosporon in a renal allograft recipient.