Rapid diagnosis of two marine viruses, red sea bream iridovirus and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus by PCR combined with lateral flow assay.

Red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) and Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV are the most important viral marine pathogens in South Korea because RSIV and VHSV infect and cause high mortality rates in major fish species such as and . These viruses can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally, and early diagnosis is imperative. In this research, RSIV and VHSV viral genomes are detected by PCR-lateral flow assay (LFA).

Seed Transmission of Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus from Zucchini Squash in Italy.

(ToLCNDV) is a bipartite begomovirus affecting tomato cultivation on the Indian subcontinent. Recently, however, a new strain of the virus, named ToLCNDV-ES, has spread to Mediterranean countries such as Spain, Italy, and Tunisia, and occurred in Cucurbita crops, causing economic damage. Although ToLCNDV is spread by the sweet potato whitefly (), like other begomoviruses, it has not been clear how ToLCNDV suddenly spread from the Indian subcontinent to the Mediterranean region.

The threat of seed-transmissible pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus in chili pepper.

Recently, chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants in Indonesia have been devastated by a notorious bipartite begomovirus infection named Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PepYLCIV), which causes a distinct decrease in chili pepper production. Pepper yellow diseases have been known since early 2000; however, the spread of this virus thus far is distressing. These diseases can reduce chili yields by 20-100% in Indonesia.