Outcomes of half-width vertical rectus transposition augmented with posterior fixation sutures for sixth cranial nerve palsy.

Aim: To describe the experience with half-width vertical muscles transposition (VRT) augmented with posterior fixation sutures.

Methods: The clinical charts of all patients, who underwent half-width VRT augmented with posterior fixation sutures for sixth cranial nerve palsy from January 2003 to December 2018, were retrospectively reviewed. For each patient, pre- and post-operatively, the largest measured angle was used for the calculations, usually resulting with the angle for distance, except in young infants, where measurements were made at near fixation using the Krimsky test.

A novel device for assessment of amblyopic risk factors in preverbal and verbal children-a pilot study.

Objectives: This paper evaluates the accuracy of the Eye-N-JOY (ENJ), a novel device (Patent no. US 9844317 B2), for identifying the presence of amblyopic risk factors. This device was developed to assess both visual acuity, ocular alignment, and eye movement; all while watching images on a tablet screen.

Pediatric Publication Trends in Leading General Ophthalmology Journals for 20 Years.

Purpose: To evaluate trends in the representation of pediatric-related articles in leading general ophthalmology journals for 20 years.

Methods: A list of all relevant publications from five top-ranking general ophthalmology journals (Ophthalmology, JAMA Ophthalmology, American Journal of Ophthalmology, British Journal of Ophthalmology, and Acta Ophthalmologica) between January 1997 and December 2016 was retrieved using the PubMed search engine. Articles captured by the age filter "child: birth-18 years" were considered pediatric.

Reduced stereoacuity as a predictor for clinically significant convergence insufficiency.

Background: Stereoacuity relies on accurate binocular alignment. Convergence insufficiency (CI) a binocular motor disorder, interferes with near work.

Objective: To investigate the association between convergence amplitude (CA) and stereoacuity in a large paediatric cohort.

Accuracy of the Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Bag/Balloon Technique in Locating Horizontal Extraocular Muscle Insertions Before and After Strabismus Surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the accuracy of high frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy using the bag/balloon technique to locate recti muscle insertions before and after strabismus surgery.

Methods: This was a prospective masked study. The distance from the limbus to horizontal recti muscle insertions was measured by caliper intraoperatively and ultrasound biomicroscopy preoperatively and during follow-up.

Home use of binocular dichoptic video content device for treatment of amblyopia: a pilot study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of the BinoVision home system as measured by improvement of visual acuity in the patient's amblyopic eye.

Methods: An open-label prospective pilot-trial of the system was conducted with amblyopic children aged 4-8 years at the pediatric ophthalmology unit, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, January 2014 to October 2015. Participants were assigned to the study or sham group for treatment with BinoVision for 8 or 12 weeks.

A paired comparison study on refractive changes after strabismus surgery.

Purpose: To quantify refractive changes following horizontal lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection surgery and to investigate the causes of these changes.

Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent unilateral horizontal lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection for exotropia by a single surgeon over a period of 14 years were reviewed retrospectively. Using vector analysis, refractive changes in operated eyes (cases) were compared to changes in the sound eyes (controls).

Refractive Changes Induced by Strabismus Corrective Surgery in Adults.

. To investigate refractive changes after strabismus correction procedures among adults. .

Extraocular muscle damage from dental implant penetration to the orbit.

Purpose: To demonstrate an unusual case of orbital trauma due to dental surgery complication.

Observations: An elderly patient who underwent dental implantation to the zygomatic bone was hospitalized in the ophthalmology department with impaired abduction of her right eye, also evident on ocular examination. Head computed tomography demonstrated damage to the lateral rectus and to the inferior oblique muscles.

Comparison of Ishihara Booklet with Color Vision Smartphone Applications.

Purpose: To compare the standard Ishihara booklet with color-vision-testing smartphone applications.

Methods: A prospective observational diagnostic study on 42 normal trichromats and 38 color-deficient subjects. Patients were presented with three color vision tests in random order: an Ishihara test booklet and two color-vision-testing smartphone applications: Eye2Phone and the Color Vision Test application (CVT app).

Macular Thickness Following Strabismus Surgery as Determined by Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: To investigate macular changes following strabismus surgery by using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: The authors prospectively evaluated 60 eyes of 30 patients undergoing unilateral extraocular muscle surgery. OCT measurements employing the fast macular thickness mapping protocol were performed 1 day prior to surgery and 1 day postoperatively.

Do Intraocular Pressure Measurements Under Anesthesia Reflect the Awake Condition?

Background: Anesthesia or sedation is needed when intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement is required in certain circumstances. The effect of different anesthetic regimens on the IOP is still debatable. We aimed to evaluate alterations in the IOP under anesthesia with either propofol or different end-tidal concentrations of sevoflurane, when compared with the awake state.

Early loss of monocanalicular silicone tubes in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: incidence, predictors, and effect on outcome.

Purpose: To study predictors and implications on outcome of premature silicone tube-loss, a post-operative complication of monocanalicular intubation (MCI) performed for treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of cases of post-operative loss of monocanalicular silicone tubes occurring at one medical center from January 2007 to December 2013.

Results: During the study period monocanclicular silicone tubes were lost in 24/54 eyes (44%) of 19/46 children.

Uncorrected amteropia among children hospitalized for headache evaluation: a clinical descriptive study.

Background: Headache is a common complaint in children occasionally requiring hospital admission. The purposes of the present study were to analyze the prevalence of uncorrected ametropia in children with headache admitted to the hospital, and evaluate the importance of refraction assessment as part of their evaluation.

Methods: A retrospective review of children admitted to the Tel Aviv Medical Center for headache evaluation from December 2008 to March 2013, in whom the only abnormality found was an uncorrected refractive error.

Surgical outcome of strabismus surgery in patients with unilateral vision loss and horizontal strabismus.

Purpose: To report on the surgical outcome of horizontal strabismus surgery in patients diagnosed as having unilateral vision loss.

Methods: Medical records of all patients with unilateral vision loss who underwent surgical repair of horizontal strabismus between 2008 and 2013 at three medical centers were reviewed. Data collected included age at time of surgery, type of strabismus, preoperative and postoperative deviation, procedure performed, and length of follow-up.

Anisometropia in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 and unilateral optic nerve glioma.

Background: Optic nerve glioma (ONG) occurs in 5% to 25% of individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Recently an association between this lesion and unilateral myopia was reported in a series of 4 pediatric patients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether unilateral ONG is associated with an increased prevalence of anisometropia.

Increased prevalence of ametropia in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 disease.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 disease is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with numerous ophthalmic and systemic manifestations. Organic causes of visual loss include optic pathway gliomas, orbital plexiform neurofibroma, and glaucoma. In this study, the authors analyzed the prevalence of ametropia as a cause for visual loss in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 disease younger than age 12 years compared to matched controls.

Pediatric Pseudotumor Cerebri Associated With Low Serum Levels of Vitamin A.

The aim of this study was to describe the association between pediatric pseudotumor cerebri and low serum vitamin A levels. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 6 children (5 boys, 1 girl; mean age 8 years) with increased intracranial pressure and low serum vitamin A levels (mean 16.0 ± 8.

The efficacy of asymmetric bilateral medial rectus muscle recession surgery in unilateral, esotropic, type 1 Duane syndrome.

Background: Many patients with esotropic, type 1 Duane syndrome adopt a head turn to gain binocular vision. Numerous surgical procedures have been performed to correct this condition, including asymmetric bilateral medial rectus muscle recession, first proposed by Jampolsky. However, few publications reported on the efficacy of this procedure.

The role of neuroimaging in the evaluation process of children with isolated sixth nerve palsy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the role of neuroimaging in identifying the etiology of pediatric isolated sixth nerve palsy (SNP).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of all patients younger than 18 years of age with an isolated SNP seen at our medical center between 2003 and 2011.

Results: Sixteen children (nine girls; mean age, 4.

Color Doppler imaging of eyes with persistent fetal vasculature.

Background: Eyes with persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) may be mistaken for retinoblastoma and provide a diagnostic challenge.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the role of color Doppler imaging (CDI) in children with persistent fetal vasculature.

Materials And Methods: Eyes with a diagnosis of PFV were evaluated by CDI.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in children: visual outcome and risk of recurrence.

Purpose: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disorder associated with increased intracranial pressure without evidence of a space-occupying lesion and with normal cerebrospinal fluid constituents. The disease is rare in the pediatric population. In this study, we assessed the visual outcome of children with IIH and the risk of recurrence.

Colour Doppler ultrasound imaging findings in paediatric periocular and orbital haemangiomas.

Purpose: To evaluate the combined grey-scale ultrasonography (US) and colour Doppler imaging (CDI) as the first and primary imaging modalities in diagnosing paediatric orbital haemangiomas.

Methods: The charts of 20 consecutive children with a periorbital mass echographically diagnosed as a haemangioma between January 2004 and June 2009 in the Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center were reviewed. Data on demographic details, clinical findings, US and CDI characteristics, treatment and outcome were retrieved.

Mapping of a gene causing brittle cornea syndrome in Tunisian jews to 16q24.

Purpose: To map the gene that causes brittle cornea syndrome (BCS).

Methods: Five patients from four families, all of Jewish Tunisian origin, were recruited into the study. Four of the five patients had red hair.