Unraveling the key structural characteristics enhancing digestion resistance of wheat starch-mung bean hull polyphenols complexes.

Mung bean hull polyphenols (MBPs) have the potential to retard starch digestion by altering its multi-scale structures. However, the regulatory mechanism and the key structural characteristics that contribute to digestion resistance remain unclear. In this study, MBPs were non-covalently interacted with wheat starch (WS) under hydrothermal treatments.

In-depth exploration of cutaneous anthrax: clinical and pathological manifestations of a case report.

Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, which can infect various animals and humans. Cutaneous anthrax primarily presents as infiltrative, edematous erythema, surface vesicles, hemorrhagic vesicles, and necrotic eschar; some patients may also experience systemic symptoms such as fever and leukocytosis. With economic development and improvements in public health conditions, naturally occurring cases of cutaneous anthrax have significantly decreased, leading to limited reports on the pathological manifestations of this disease.

Study on the anti-Parkinson's disease activity mechanism and preparation of panaxadiol.

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine offers unique and valuable resources for the exploration of novel approaches to disease treatment. Panaxadiol, an active compound derived from the transformation of ginsenosides. It has a variety of pharmacological activities.

Association between childhood parental literacy and late-life cognitive function: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.

Objectives: Evidence on the associations of childhood parental education with late-life cognitive function remains inconsistent. Additionally, studies focusing on dimensions of cognitive function are scarce, with none from China. Therefore, we examined the associations of childhood parental education with late-life cognitive function and it's dimensions and investigated potential interactions.

Structural characterization, physicochemical properties and hypoglycemic activity of soluble dietary fibers from salt stressed mung bean sprouts.

Low-salt stress germination is an effective way to improve the nutritional composition of food crops. A novel soluble dietary fiber (MS-SDF) was isolated from low-salt stress mung bean sprouts that were exposed to low-salt stress using anion exchange and gel permeation techniques. Structural analysis revealed that MS-SDF was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 164.

Effect and mechanism of Jinkui Shenqi Pill on preventing neural tube defects in mice based on network pharmacology.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: jinkui Shenqi Pill (JSP) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine used to treat "Kidney Yang Deficiency" disease. Previous studies indicate a protective effect of JSP on apoptosis in mouse neurons.

Aim Of The Study: This research, combining network pharmacology with in vivo experiments, explores the mechanism of JSP in preventing neural tube defects (NTDs) in mice.

Photoswitched Stereodivergent Synthesis of Allylic Sulfones.

The present Letter demonstrates a photoswitched stereodivergent synthesis of allylic sulfones from sodium sulfinates, triphenylvinylphosphonium chloride, and (hetero)aromatic aldehydes in a single step. Mechanistically, -allylic sulfones, generated from the unstabilized ylide intermediates and aldehydes , could be finally converted to -allylic sulfones via photochemical isomerization in the presence of a catalytic amount of bis(2-thienyl) ketone.

Assessment on malvidin-3-glucoside interaction with TLR4 via multi-spectroscopic analysis and molecular docking.

As one innate immune pattern recognition receptor, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) recently has been considered as a critical player in glucolipid metabolism. Blueberries contain high level of anthocyanins, especially malvidin-3-glucoside (Mv-3-glc), which contribute the anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects. It is speculated that Mv-3-glc is able to possess these functions by binding to TLR4.

Dietary fiber guar gum-induced shift in gut microbiota metabolism and intestinal immune activity enhances susceptibility to colonic inflammation.

With an increasing interest in dietary fibers (DFs) to promote intestinal health and the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, there is a continued rise in the incorporation of refined DFs in processed foods. It is still unclear how refined fibers, such as guar gum, affect the gut microbiota activity and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our study elucidated the effect and underlying mechanisms of guar gum, a fermentable DF (FDF) commonly present in a wide range of processed foods, on colitis development.

Variational autoencoder-assisted unsupervised hardware fingerprint authentication in a fiber network.

Physical-layer authentication (PLA) based on hardware fingerprints can safeguard optical networks against large-scale masquerade or active injection attacks. However, traditional schemes rely on massive labeled close-set data. Here, we propose an unsupervised hardware fingerprint authentication based on a variational autoencoder (VAE).

Dynamic Motion Transition: A Hybrid Data-driven and Model-driven Method for Human Pose Transitions.

The rapid, accurate, and robust computation of virtual human figures' "in-between" pose transitions from available and sometimes sparse inputs is of fundamental significance to 3D interactive graphics and computer animation. Various methods have been proposed to produce natural lifelike transitions of human pose automatically in recent decades. Nevertheless, conventional pure model-driven methods require heuristic knowledge (e.

Study of novel ginsenoside metabolites targeting HSP70 as anti-prostate cancer drugs.

Ginsenoside 20 (R)-25-methoxy-dammarane-3 β, twelve β, 20 triol (AD-1) is a promising new drug for the treatment of prostate cancer, but its bioavailability is low. This study investigated the effects of the main metabolites PD and M6 of AD-1 on prostate cancer cell PC3. The in vitro experimental results showed that the IC50 values of PC3 cells treated with PD and M6 were 65.

The Beneficial Effects of Dietary Astragali Radix Are Related to the Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites.

(AR) or its extract has been used as an herbal medicine and dietary supplement in China, Europe, and the United States. The gut microbiota could provide new insights for exploring dietary supplements' underlying mechanism on organisms. However, no reports have focused on the regulatory effect of AR on the gut microbiota as a dietary supplement.

Gastrointestinal fate of blueberry anthocyanins in ferritin-based nanocarriers.

Blueberries contain an important amount of anthocyanins, which possess numerous biological properties. Nonetheless, the potential applications of anthocyanins may be constrained due to their limited stability and bioavailability. This study aimed to evaluate the stability and absorption of blueberry anthocyanin extracts (BAE) and anthocyanin standards (malvidin and cyanidin glycosides) when encapsulated using ferritin (FR) nanocarriers or a combination of FR and sodium alginate (SA) under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and Caco-2 cell monolayers.

Astrocytic phagocytosis of myelin debris and reactive characteristics in vivo and in vitro.

Background Information: Persistent myelin debris can inhibit axonal regeneration, thereby hindering remyelination. Effective removal of myelin debris is essential to eliminate the interference of myelin debris in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) activation, recruitment to demyelinating sites and/or differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes (OLs). In addition to microglia, it has been reported that astrocytic phagocytosis of myelin debris is a feature of early demyelination.

Efficacy and mechanism of Wuzi Yanzong pill on the prevention and treatment of EAE.

Objective: Studies have shown that Wuzi Yanzong Pill (WYP) can be used to treat neurological diseases, but its mechanisms for multiple sclerosis (MS) remain unclear. This study aims to determine the effect of WYP on MS in an animal model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and explore its mechanism. To provide theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of MS with WYP.

Fasudil-modified macrophages reduce inflammation and regulate the immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Multiple sclerosis is characterized by demyelination and neuronal loss caused by inflammatory cell activation and infiltration into the central nervous system. Macrophage polarization plays an important role in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a traditional experimental model of multiple sclerosis. This study investigated the effect of Fasudil on macrophages and examined the therapeutic potential of Fasudil-modified macrophages in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Improving Blueberry Anthocyanins' Stability Using a Ferritin Nanocarrier.

Blueberries are fruits known for their high level of anthocyanins, which have high nutritional value and several biological properties. However, the chemical instability of anthocyanins is one of the major limitations of their application. The stability of blueberry anthocyanin extracts (BAEs) encapsulated in a ferritin nanocarrier was investigated in this study for several influencing parameters, including pH, temperature, UV-visible light, redox agents, and various metal ions.

A New Integrated GDL with Wavy Channel and Tunneled Rib for High Power Density PEMFC at Low Back Pressure and Wide Humidity.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have garnered significant attention due to their high efficiency and low emissions. However, PEMFC always suffers mass transfer and water management in performance improvement. Herein, an integrated gas diffusion layer (GDL) with wavy channel and micro-tunneled rib is designed and prepared to achieve faster and gentler mass transfer and excellent water management capability by laser engraving.

[Knock-down of ROCK2 gene improves cognitive function and reduces neuronal apoptosis in AD mice by promoting mitochondrial fusion and inhibiting its division].

Objective To explore the effect of knocking down Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK2) gene on the cognitive function of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 (APP/PS1) double transgenic mice and its mechanism. Methods APP/PS1 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into AD model group (AD group), ROCK2 gene knock-down group (shROCK2 group), ROCK2 gene knock-down control group (shNCgroup), and wild-type C57BL/6 mice of the same age served as the wild-type control (WT group). Morris water maze and Y maze were employed to test the cognitive function of mice.

Wuzi Yanzong Pill relieves MPTP-induced motor dysfunction and neuron loss by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation.

Parkinson disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease, which is associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons (DA neurons) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and neuroinflammation may lead to the occurrence of PD. Wuzi Yanzong Pill (WYP) has demonstrated neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, but its molecular mechanism of action is still unclear. In this study, we used 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mice and LPS-mediated BV2 microglia to explore WYP intervention, anti-inflammatory effect and molecular mechanism in vivo and in vitro.

Preventing development of post-stroke hyperexcitability by optogenetic or pharmacological stimulation of cortical excitatory activity.

Stroke is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy, but treatment for preventing the development of post-stroke epilepsy is still unavailable. Since stroke results in neuronal damage and death as well as initial loss of activity in the affected brain region, homeostatic plasticity may be trigged and contribute to an increase in network hyperexcitability that underlies epileptogenesis. Correspondingly, enhancing brain activity may inhibit hyperexcitability from enhanced homeostatic plasticity and prevent post-stroke epileptogenesis.

Inhibition of inflammatory factor TNF-α by ferrostatin-1 in microglia regulates necroptosis of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.

Objective: Inflammation of the surrounding environment is a major reason causing loss or injury of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in myelin-associated diseases. Lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia can release various inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). One of the ways of OPC death is necroptosis, which can be triggered by TNF-α, a death receptor ligand, by activating receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)/RIPK3/mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) signaling pathway.