The nucleolin MoNsr1 plays pleiotropic roles in the pathogenicity and stress adaptation in the rice blast fungus .

The rice blast disease, caused by the fungus , is a significant agricultural problem that adversely impacts rice production and food security. Understanding the precise molecular pathways involved in the interaction between the pathogen and its host is crucial for developing effective disease management strategies. This study examines the crucial function of the nucleolin MoNsr1 in regulating physiological functions.

Synergistic Action of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles and Culture Supernatant of against the Soft Rot Pathogen .

Nanomaterials are increasingly being used for crop growth, especially as a new paradigm for plant disease management. Among the other nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) draw a great deal of attention because of their unique features and multiple usages. Rapid expansion in nanotechnology and utilization of AgNPs in a large range of areas resulted in the substantial release of these nanoparticles into the soil and water environment, causing concern for the safety of ecosystems and phytosanitary.

Fluorescent Labeling of Peroxisome and Nuclear in .

Anthracnose is one of the most widespread and destructive diseases in grapes. Grape anthracnose can be caused by various species, such as and . In recent years, was reported as a causal agent of Grape anthracnose in China and South Korea.

MoDHX35, a DEAH-Box Protein, Is Required for Appressoria Formation and Full Virulence of the Rice Blast Fungus, .

The DExD/H-box protein family encompasses a large number of RNA helicases that are involved in RNA metabolism and a variety of physiological functions in different species. However, there is limited knowledge of whether DExD/H-box proteins play a role in the pathogenicity of plant fungal pathogens. In the present work, the DExD/H-box protein MoDHX35, which belongs to the DEAH subfamily, was shown to be crucial in appressoria formation and full virulence of the rice blast fungus, .

Adenylsuccinate Synthetase MoADE12 Plays Important Roles in the Development and Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus.

Purines are basic components of nucleotides in living organisms. In this study, we identified the ortholog of adenylosuccinate synthase in by screening for growth-defective T-DNA insertional mutants. Gene replacement was performed to investigate the biological role of .

The flavohemoglobin gene MoFHB1 is involved in the endurance against nitrosative stress in Magnaporthe oryzae.

Nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis plays a versatile role in pathogen-host interactions. To maintain NO homeostasis in favor of pathogens, microbes have evolved NO degradation systems besides NO synthesis pathway, in which the flavohemoglobin and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) reductase are two key enzymes. We previously proved that MoSFA1, a GSNO reductase, is required for the growth and pathogenicity in Magnaporthe oryzae.

Loci Play Crucial Roles in Sexual Development but Are Dispensable for Asexual Reproduction and Pathogenicity in Rice Blast Fungus .

, a fungal pathogen that causes rice blast, which is the most destructive disease of rice worldwide, has the potential to perform both asexual and sexual reproduction. loci, consisting of genes, were deemed to determine the mating types of strains. However, investigation was rarely performed on the development and molecular mechanisms of the sexual reproduction of the fungus.

The Risk of Wheat Blast in Rice-Wheat Co-Planting Regions in China: MoO Strains of Cause Typical Symptom and Host Reaction on Both Wheat Leaves and Spikes.

The pathotype of (syn. ) causes wheat blast, which has recently spread to Asia. To assess the potential risk of wheat blast in rice-wheat growing regions, we investigated the pathogenicity of 14 isolates of on 32 wheat cultivars, among which pathotype of (MoO) isolates were completely avirulent on the wheat cultivars at 22°C but caused various degrees of infection 25°C.

Innovative Approach to Nano Thiazole-Zn with Promising Physicochemical and Bioactive Properties by Nanoreactor Construction.

Nanotechnology has provided a novel approach for the preparation of a safe and highly effective pesticide formulation. Thiazole-Zn, a widely used bactericide, was successfully prepared at nanoscale by an innovative approach of final synthesis process control. Its plausible formation mechanism based on restricted particle aggregation in a nanoreactor was elucidated.

Pex13 and Pex14, the key components of the peroxisomal docking complex, are required for peroxisome formation, host infection and pathogenicity-related morphogenesis in Magnaporthe oryzae.

Peroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles in eukaryotic cells that fulfill multiple important metabolisms. Pex13 and Pex14 are key components of the peroxisomal docking complex in yeasts and mammals. In the present work, we functionally characterized the homologues of Pex13 and Pex14 (Mopex13 and Mopex14) in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.

Succinyl-proteome profiling of Pyricularia oryzae, a devastating phytopathogenic fungus that causes rice blast disease.

Pyricularia oryzae is the pathogen for rice blast disease, which is a devastating threat to rice production worldwide. Lysine succinylation, a newly identified post-translational modification, is associated with various cellular processes. Here, liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry combined with a high-efficiency succinyl-lysine antibody was used to identify the succinylated peptides in P.

Equol, a Clinically Important Metabolite, Inhibits the Development and Pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae, the Causal Agent of Rice Blast Disease.

Equol, a metabolite of soybean isoflavone daidzein, has been proven to have various bioactivities related to human health, but little is known on its antifungal activity to plant fungal pathogens. is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes rice blast, a devastating disease on rice. Here, we demonstrated that equol influences the development and pathogenicity of .

Pex14/17, a filamentous fungus-specific peroxin, is required for the import of peroxisomal matrix proteins and full virulence of Magnaporthe oryzae.

Peroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles in eukaryotic cells that fulfil a variety of biochemical functions. The biogenesis of peroxisomes requires a variety of proteins, named peroxins, which are encoded by PEX genes. Pex14/17 is a putative recently identified peroxin, specifically present in filamentous fungal species.

An S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase is involved in conidiation and full virulence in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.

Magnaporthe oryzae is a hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen that causes rice blast disease. A compatible interaction requires overcoming plant defense responses to initiate colonization during the early infection process. Nitric oxide (NO) plays important roles in defense responses during host-pathogen interactions.

MoPex19, which is essential for maintenance of peroxisomal structure and woronin bodies, is required for metabolism and development in the rice blast fungus.

Peroxisomes are present ubiquitously and make important contributions to cellular metabolism in eukaryotes. They play crucial roles in pathogenicity of plant fungal pathogens. The peroxisomal matrix proteins and peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs) are synthesized in the cytosol and imported post-translationally.

PTS1 peroxisomal import pathway plays shared and distinct roles to PTS2 pathway in development and pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae.

Peroxisomes participate in various important metabolisms and are required in pathogenicity of fungal plant pathogens. Peroxisomal matrix proteins are imported from cytoplasm into peroxisomes through peroxisomal targeting signal 1 (PTS1) or peroxisomal targeting signal 2 (PTS2) import pathway. PEX5 and PEX7 genes participate in the two pathways respectively.

[Bioinformatic research of the family of PEX11, peroxisome proliferous factor in fungus].

The family members of PEX11 are key factors involved in regulation of peroxisome proliferation. Sixty-six PEX11p candidates of PEX11 gene family from 26 representative fungal species were obtained and analyzed by bioinformatic strategies. In most filamentous fungi, 2 or 3 potential PEX11ps were found, in contrast with 1 or 2 in yeast species.

A Pid3 allele from rice cultivar Gumei2 confers resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae.

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases. Using map-based strategy and in silico approach we isolated a new rice (Oryza sativa L.) blast resistance allele of Pid3, designated Pi25, from a stable blast resistance cultivar Gumei2.

[Identification and classification of rice leaf blast based on multi-spectral imaging sensor].

Site-specific variable pesticide application is one of the major precision crop production management operations. Rice blast is a severe threat for rice production. Traditional chemistry methods can do the accurate crop disease identification, however they are time-consuming, require being executed by professionals and are of high cost.

Dual screening for targeted gene replacement mutant in Magnaporthe oryzae with GUS as negative marker.

To improve the efficiency of targeted gene replacement (TGR), a dual screen (DS) system with gusA gene as negative selective marker (GUS-DS) was developed in Magnaporthe oryzae. First, we tested the endogenous beta-glucuronidase (GUS) activities of 78 fungal strains. All tested strains were GUS-, only with 3 exceptions.

[Biogenesis and functions of the peroxisome in phytopathogenic fungi--a review].

Peroxisome (P), a ubiquitous organelle in the eukaryotic cells, is involved in various important metabolic processes. Investigation of formation, proliferation and degradation of the peroxisome is an important part of study of organelles biogenesis. So far, mechanism of the peroxisome biogenesis is not completely clear, although over 30 related genes were identified and characterized.

[Cloning of a homologous gene of Magnaporthe grisea PMK1 type MAPK from Ustilaginoidea virens and functional identification by complement in Magnaporthe grisea corresponding mutant].

Objective: Cloning of a Homologous Gene of PMK1 Type Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) from the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens.

Methods: According to the conserved amino acid sequence of several filamentous fungus MAPKs, which were homologous to Magnaporthe grisea PMKI, degenerate PCR primers were designed to amplify the MAPK internal DNA fragment from Ustilaginoidea grisea. The complete UVMK1 DNA and cDNA sequences were obtained using Thermal Asymmetric Interlaced-PCR (TAIL-PCR) and RT-PCR methods.

Fluorescent co-localization of PTS1 and PTS2 and its application in analysis of the gene function and the peroxisomal dynamic in Magnaporthe oryzae.

The peroxisomal matrix proteins involved in many important biological metabolism pathways in eukaryotic cells are encoded by nucleal genes, synthesized in the cytoplasm and then transported into the organelles. Targeting and import of these proteins depend on their two peroxisomal targeting signals (PTS1 and PTS2) in sequence as we have known so far. The vectors of the fluorescent fusions with PTS, i.

[Strategies of targeted gene replacement in filamentous fungi].

Targeted gene replacement (TGR) is an important technique for gene function analysis. With the development of genome sequencing and transformation, TGR has been applied widely to filamentous fungi, and many new systems and approaches have been established. In this paper, strategies involved in TGR in filamentous fungi were reviewed, including transformation systems, targeting vector construction, mutant selection and so on.