MEIS2 promotes cell migration and invasion in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of malignancy worldwide. Distant metastasis is a key cause of CRC‑associated mortality. MEIS2 has been identified to be dysregulated in several types of human cancer.

A humanized mouse model, demonstrating progressive hearing loss caused by MYO6 p.C442Y, is inherited in a semi-dominant pattern.

Myosin VI is an actin-associated molecular motor vital for auditory and vestibular function. It is encoded by MYO6 located on chromosome 6q13 in human. Pathogenic variants in MYO6 have been associated with both dominant and recessive forms of hearing loss.

A niche-dependent myeloid transcriptome signature defines dormant myeloma cells.

The era of targeted therapies has seen significant improvements in depth of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival for patients with multiple myeloma. Despite these improvements in clinical outcome, patients inevitably relapse and require further treatment. Drug-resistant dormant myeloma cells that reside in specific niches within the skeleton are considered a basis of disease relapse but remain elusive and difficult to study.

Critical role of spectrin in hearing development and deafness.

Inner ear hair cells (HCs) detect sound through the deflection of mechanosensory stereocilia. Stereocilia are inserted into the cuticular plate of HCs by parallel actin rootlets, where they convert sound-induced mechanical vibrations into electrical signals. The molecules that support these rootlets and enable them to withstand constant mechanical stresses underpin our ability to hear.

Protection of Hair Cells from Ototoxic Drug-Induced Hearing Loss.

Hair cells are specialized sensory epithelia cells that receive mechanical sound waves and convert them into neural signals for hearing, and these cells can be killed or damaged by ototoxic drugs, including many aminoglycoside antibiotics, platinum-based anticancer agents, and loop diuretics, leading to drug-induced hearing loss. Studies of therapeutic approaches to drug-induced hearing loss have been hampered by the limited understanding of the biological mechanisms that protect and regenerate hair cells. This review briefly discusses some of the most common ototoxic drugs and describes recent research concerning the mechanisms of ototoxic drug-induced hearing loss.

Hair Cell Regeneration.

Cochlear hair cells are mechanoreceptors of the auditory system and cannot spontaneously regenerate in adult mammals; thus hearing loss due to hair cell damage is permanent. In contrast, hair cells in nonmammalian vertebrates such as birds and in the zebrafish lateral line have the ability to regenerate after hair cell loss. Many regulatory factors, including signaling pathways, transcription factors, and epigenetic regulators, play roles in hair cell regeneration in various species.

Pex13 and Pex14, the key components of the peroxisomal docking complex, are required for peroxisome formation, host infection and pathogenicity-related morphogenesis in Magnaporthe oryzae.

Peroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles in eukaryotic cells that fulfill multiple important metabolisms. Pex13 and Pex14 are key components of the peroxisomal docking complex in yeasts and mammals. In the present work, we functionally characterized the homologues of Pex13 and Pex14 (Mopex13 and Mopex14) in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.

Metal-organic framework derived small sized metal sulfide nanoparticles anchored on N-doped carbon plates for high-capacity energy storage.

ZnS nanoparticles wrapped in N-doped mesoporous carbon nanosheets are prepared from metal-organic frameworks through a simple co-pyrolysis process. In the composite interface, ZnS nanoparticles are directly loaded on the carbon and form a mesoporous structure, thus providing fast electron and ion dual transfer routes, and efficient electrode reaction kinetics. In addition, the heteroatom N-doping and the small-sized ZnS with embedded carbon can provide more active sites and stable electrode kinetics for electrochemical reactions.

The influence of a year-round tillage and residue management model on soil N fractions in a wheat-maize cropping system in central China.

Tillage practice and residue management play important roles in N pool in soils. This study determined the impacts of tillage practice and residue management on crop yield. It also investigated the distribution, fractionation, and stratification of N at soil at depths ranging from 0 to 60 cm under wheat-maize cropping systems.

Molecular classification of IDH-mutant glioblastomas based on gene expression profiles.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant glioblastoma (GBM), accounts for ~10% GBMs, arises from lower grade diffuse glioma and preferentially appears in younger patients. Here, we aim to establish a robust gene expression-based molecular classification of IDH-mutant GBM. A total of 33 samples from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas RNA-sequencing data were selected as training set, and 21 cases from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas microarray data were used as validation set.

Prognostic value of in non-small cell lung cancer.

The present study explored the association between and . Co-existing mutations were found in 17 patients. and mutations were associated with carbohydrate antigen 19-9 expression, invasive growth, vacuolar signs and margin lobulation on chest CT.

Two-Photon Image Tracking of Neural Stem Cells via Iridium Complexes Encapsulated in Polymeric Nanospheres.

Iridium(III) complexes have been shown to be promising probes in two-photon imaging to real-time track the transplanted cells in stem-cell-based therapy. Here, we report on polymeric nanocapsules loaded with red phosphorescence dye of bis(2-methyldibenzo[f,h]quinoxaline) (acetylacetonate) iridium(III) (Ir(MDQ)acac) with excellent stability created by the double emulsion method. The Ir(MDQ)acac nanocapsules present high biocompatibility and an efficient fluorescent labeling rate when incubated with cultured mouse neural stem cells (NSCs).

MoS-OH Bilayer-Mediated Growth of Inch-Sized Monolayer MoS on Arbitrary Substrates.

Due to remarkable electronic property, optical transparency, and mechanical flexibility, monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS) has been demonstrated to be promising for electronic and optoelectronic devices. To date, the growth of high-quality and large-scale monolayer MoS has been one of the main challenges for practical applications. Here we present a MoS-OH bilayer-mediated method that can fabricate inch-sized monolayer MoS on arbitrary substrates.

Differentiating axillary lymph node metastasis in invasive breast cancer patients: A comparison of radiomic signatures from multiparametric breast MR sequences.

Background: The axillary lymph node status is critical for breast cancer staging and individualized treatment planning.

Purpose: To assess the effect of determining axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis by breast MRI-derived radiomic signatures, and compare the discriminating abilities of different MR sequences.

Study Type: Retrospective.

Succinyl-proteome profiling of Pyricularia oryzae, a devastating phytopathogenic fungus that causes rice blast disease.

Pyricularia oryzae is the pathogen for rice blast disease, which is a devastating threat to rice production worldwide. Lysine succinylation, a newly identified post-translational modification, is associated with various cellular processes. Here, liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry combined with a high-efficiency succinyl-lysine antibody was used to identify the succinylated peptides in P.

Deletion of Limk1 and Limk2 in mice does not alter cochlear development or auditory function.

Inherited hearing loss is associated with gene mutations that result in sensory hair cell (HC) malfunction. HC structure is defined by the cytoskeleton, which is mainly composed of actin filaments and actin-binding partners. LIM motif-containing protein kinases (LIMKs) are the primary regulators of actin dynamics and consist of two members: LIMK1 and LIMK2.

Iron Exposure and the Cellular Mechanisms Linked to Neuron Degeneration in Adult Mice.

Although the causal relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and iron overload remains unclear, iron dyshomeostasis or improper transport mechanisms are speculated to lead to the accumulation of this neurotoxic metal in the hippocampal formation and other cerebral areas related to neurodegenerative diseases, resulting in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, ultimately, cell death. In this study, exposure to high dietary iron (HDI) revealed no significant difference in the number of iron-positive cells and iron content in the cortex and hippocampal region between wild-type (WT) and mice; however, compared with the control mice, the HDI-treated mice exhibited upregulated divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferroportin (Fpn) expression, and downregulated transferrin receptor (TFR) expression. Importantly, we confirmed that there were significantly fewer NeuN-positive neurons in both and WT mice given HDI, than in the respective controls.

mA RNA methylation regulators contribute to malignant progression and have clinical prognostic impact in gliomas.

N6-methyladenosine (mA) RNA methylation, associated with cancer initiation and progression, is dynamically regulated by the mA RNA methylation regulators ("writers", "erasers" and "readers"). Here, we demonstrate that most of the thirteen main mA RNA methylation regulators are differentially expressed among gliomas stratified by different clinicopathological features in 904 gliomas. We identified two subgroups of gliomas (RM1/2) by applying consensus clustering to mA RNA methylation regulators.

Novel compounds protect auditory hair cells against gentamycin-induced apoptosis by maintaining the expression level of H3K4me2.

Aminoglycoside-induced hair cell (HC) loss is a major cause of hearing impairment, and the effective prevention of HC loss remains an unmet medical need. Epigenetic mechanisms have been reported to be involved in protecting cochlear cells against ototoxic drug injury, and in this study we developed new bioactive compounds that have similar chemical structures as the epigenetics-related lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitors. LSD1 inhibitors have been reported to protect cochlear cells by preventing demethylation of dimethylated histone H3K4 (H3K4me2).

Preoperative Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer using Radiomics Features of DCE-MRI.

The accurate and noninvasive preoperative prediction of the state of the axillary lymph nodes is significant for breast cancer staging, therapy and the prognosis of patients. In this study, we analyzed the possibility of axillary lymph node metastasis directly based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the breast in cancer patients. After mass segmentation and feature analysis, the SVM, KNN, and LDA three classifiers were used to distinguish the axillary lymph node state in 5-fold cross-validation.

Solving Trajectory Optimization Problems in the Presence of Probabilistic Constraints.

The objective of this paper is to present an approximation-based strategy for solving the problem of nonlinear trajectory optimization with the consideration of probabilistic constraints. The proposed method defines a smooth and differentiable function to replace probabilistic constraints by the deterministic ones, thereby converting the chance-constrained trajectory optimization model into a parametric nonlinear programming model. In addition, it is proved that the approximation function and the corresponding approximation set will converge to that of the original problem.

Transduction of Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors Targeting Hair Cells and Supporting Cells in the Neonatal Mouse Cochlea.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is the preferred vector for gene therapy of hereditary deafness, and different viral serotypes, promoters and transduction pathways can influence the targeting of AAV to different types of cells and the expression levels of numerous exogenous genes. To determine the transduction and expression patterns of AAV with different serotypes or promoters in hair cells and supporting cells in the neonatal mouse cochlea, we examined the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) for five different types of AAV vectors [serotypes 2, 9, and Anc80L65 with promoter cytomegalovirus (CMV)-beta-Globin and serotypes 2 and 9 with promoter chicken beta-actin (CBA)] in cochlear explant cultures and we tested the transduction of AAV2/2-CBA, AAV2/9-CBA, and AAV2/Anc80L65-CMV by microinjection into the scala media of the cochlea. We found that each AAV vector had its own transduction and expression characteristics in hair cells and supporting cells in different regions of the cochlea.

ADAMTSL4, a Secreted Glycoprotein, Is a Novel Immune-Related Biomarker for Primary Glioblastoma Multiforme.

Background: Researches on immunotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM, WHO grade IV) have increased exponentially in recent years. As a targeted therapy, a series of biomarkers have been identified in local tumor tissue, while circulating marker which could be detected in the body fluids is still lacking. ADAMTSL4, a secreted glycoprotein, was earlier found to play a critical role in a prognostic signature for primary GBM (pGBM).