Oral sitafloxacin vs intravenous ceftriaxone followed by oral cefdinir for acute pyelonephritis and complicated urinary tract infection: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The conventional antibiotic regimen for community-acquired upper urinary tract infections with moderate severity in Thailand is parenteral ceftriaxone (CTRX) for several days followed by oral cephalosporin for 7-14 days. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of oral sitafloxacin (STFX) with that of intravenous CTRX followed by oral cefdinir (CFDN) for the therapy of acute pyelonephritis (APN) and complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI).

Methods: This open-label, randomized, controlled, noninferiority clinical trial included patients from nine centers across Thailand.

Management of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Insights from urology experts in Thailand.

Treatment options for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are available, but clear instructions for the selection of appropriate treatment are lacking. A meeting of urology experts based in Thailand was convened with the following objectives: (1) to reach a consensus and share real-life experiences about how to identify CRPC; (2) to choose the appropriate treatment for CRPC patients; (3) to evaluate disease progression using novel inhibitors of the androgen receptor pathway; (4) to identify the frequency of monitoring disease; and (5) to promote rational use of corticosteroids in CRPC patients. This consensus document can provide guidance to other urologists in Thailand to provide appropriate treatment to metastatic CRPC patients in a timely manner.

Increased oxidative DNA damage seen in renal biopsies adjacent stones in patients with nephrolithiasis.

Urinary excretion of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative DNA damage, is significantly higher in nephrolithiasis patients than in healthy individuals, indicating that these patients have higher degree of oxidative stress. In the present study, we investigated 8-OHdG expression in renal biopsies of patients with nephrolithiasis and in renal tubular cells (HK-2 cells) exposed to calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM). We performed immunohistochemical staining for 8-OHdG in renal biopsies adjacent stones obtained from 28 patients with nephrolithiasis.

Association between human prothrombin variant (T165M) and kidney stone disease.

We previously reported the association between prothrombin (F2), encoding a stone inhibitor protein - urinary prothrombin fragment 1 (UPTF1), and the risk of kidney stone disease in Northeastern Thai patients. To identify specific F2 variation responsible for the kidney stone risk, we conducted sequencing analysis of this gene in a group of the patients with kidney stone disease. Five intronic SNPs (rs2070850, rs2070852, rs1799867, rs2282687, and rs3136516) and one exonic non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (nsSNP; rs5896) were found.

Fibrosis and evidence for epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the kidneys of patients with staghorn calculi.

Objectives: • To quantify fibrotic lesions in renal tissues obtained from patients with large calculi and to evaluate association with renal function. • Presence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in stone-containing renal tissues was investigated.

Patients, Subjects And Methods: • In all, 50 patients with nephrolithiasis with large calculi and matched healthy controls (37) were recruited.

Evidence suggesting a genetic contribution to kidney stone in northeastern Thai population.

Genetic factor may play a role in the pathogenesis of kidney stone that is found in the northeastern (NE) Thai population. Herein, we report initial evidence suggesting genetic contribution to the disease in this population. We examined 1,034 subjects including 135 patients with kidney stone, 551 family members, and 348 villagers by radiography of kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB) and other methods, and also analyzed stones removed by surgical operations.