Development and Validation of Quantitative Analysis Method for Phenanthrenes in Peels of the .

Phenanthrenes are bioactive phenolic compounds found in genus , in which they are distributed more in peel than in flesh. Recent studies on phenanthrenes from sp. peels have revealed the potential for valuable biomaterials.

Neuromedin B and its receptor silencing suppresses osteoclast generation by modulating precursor proliferation via M-CSF/c-Fms/D-type cyclins.

Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin-like peptide, regulates diverse physiological processes, such as energy metabolism, memory and fear behavior, and cellular growth, through its cognate receptor, NMBR. In this study, we report that NMB expression was upregulated during osteoclast development and that silencing NMB or NMBR attenuated osteoclast generation mediated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). We found that knockdown of NMB or NMBR using a small hairpin RNA suppressed M-CSF-induced proliferation of osteoclast precursor cells without altering osteoclast differentiation.