Mutation Spectrum Analysis of BRCA1/2 Genes for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer in the Indian Population.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and spectrum of genetic mutations linked to inherited breast and ovary cancer (HBOC) in the Indian population, and to evaluate the correlation of BRCA mutation types, frequency, and incidence with age, gender, and personal and family history.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 500 Indian HBOC patients, meeting NCCN criteria who underwent BRCA1/2 testing from 2017 to 2023 were shortlisted for this study. The anonymized data was retrieved from medical records.

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the posterior mediastinum- A report of 2 cases.

Mediastinal masses span a wide histopathological spectrum. Inflammatory pseudotumors are rare and most commonly described in the lungs but these are reported in almost all the organs in the body. Mediastinal involvement is rare and difficult to diagnose.

Cervical cancer screening by molecular Pap-transformation of gynecologic cytology.

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the common cancers in women accounting for 7.9% of all cancers. In India it is the second commonest cancer in women.

Human papillomavirus in head and neck cancer in India: Current status and consensus recommendations.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) associated head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCC) have become increasingly common in the West, but the same cannot be said about India. These cancers have a different biology and confer a better prognosis, however, its current role in the management of patients in India is not clearly defined. At the 35 Indian Cooperative Oncology Network conference held in September 2016, a panel of radiation, surgical and medical oncologists, pathologists, and basic scientists from across the country having experience in clinical research with respect to HPV in HNSCC reviewed the available literature from India.

Unusual ganglioglioma with extensive calcification and ossification.

Ganglioglioma is a slow-growing relatively low-grade mixed glioneuronal tumor with most cases corresponding to the WHO Grade I category. It frequently presents with seizures. The temporal lobe is the most common location followed by frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes.

In vivo intraocular distribution and safety of periocular nanoparticle carboplatin for treatment of advanced retinoblastoma in humans.

Purpose: To study the intraocular distribution and safety of polymethylmethacrylate nanoparticles loaded with carboplatin after posterior subtenon injection in humans.

Design: Prospective, interventional, comparative case series.

Methods: Six patients (mean age: 26.

Ceramide and activated Bax act synergistically to permeabilize the mitochondrial outer membrane.

A critical step in apoptosis is mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), releasing proteins critical to downstream events. While the regulation of this process by Bcl-2 family proteins is known, the role of ceramide, which is known to be involved at the mitochondrial level, is not well-understood. Here, we demonstrate that Bax and ceramide induce MOMP synergistically.

Restorative Proctocolectomy with Ileo-anal Reservoir, a Histopathological, Histochemical, and Electron Microscopic Study.

This study was conducted to investigate the nature of colonic metaplasia in ileo-anal pouches and incidence/frequency of pouchitis in the same. Biopsy specimens from 8 patients with functioning ileal pouches were studied using routine histology, mucin histochemistry and electron microscopy, over a 2 - year period. All 8 patients had villous abnormalities in the form of blunting of villi and sub total or partial villous atrophy.