Using the Association of American Medical Colleges Standardized Video Interview in a Holistic Residency Application Review.

Each year, residency programs work diligently to identify the best applicants for their respective programs, given the increasing volume of applications. Interview offers are often based on a mix of subjective and objective measures, with different programs relying more or less on each. A holistic application review involves a flexible and individualized way of assessing an applicant's capabilities through a balanced consideration of experiences, attributes, and academic metrics.

Replacing Lectures with Small Groups: The Impact of Flipping the Residency Conference Day.

The flipped classroom, an educational alternative to the traditional lecture, has been widely adopted by educators at all levels of education and across many disciplines. In the flipped classroom, learners prepare in advance of the face-to-face meeting by learning content material on their own. Classroom time is reserved for application of the learned content to solving problems or discussing cases.

Pro-Coagulant Endothelial Dysfunction Results from EHEC Shiga Toxins and Host Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns.

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection is a leading cause of kidney failure in otherwise healthy U.S. children.

Shiga toxin 2-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress is minimized by activated protein C but does not correlate with lethal kidney injury.

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli produce ribotoxic Shiga toxins (Stx), which are responsible for kidney injury and development of hemolytic uremic syndrome. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is hypothesized to induce apoptosis contributing to organ injury; however, this process has been described only in vitro. ER stress marker transcripts of spliced XBP1 (1.

Quiescent complement in nonhuman primates during E coli Shiga toxin-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome and thrombotic microangiopathy.

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) produce ribosome-inactivating Shiga toxins (Stx1, Stx2) responsible for development of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and acute kidney injury (AKI). Some patients show complement activation during EHEC infection, raising the possibility of therapeutic targeting of complement for relief. Our juvenile nonhuman primate (Papio baboons) models of endotoxin-free Stx challenge exhibit full spectrum HUS, including thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and AKI with glomerular thrombotic microangiopathy.

Shiga toxins and the pathophysiology of hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans and animals.

Food-borne diseases are estimated at 76 million illnesses and 5000 deaths every year in the United States with the greatest burden on young children, the elderly and immunocompromised populations. The impact of efficient food distribution systems and a truly global food supply ensures that outbreaks, previously sporadic and contained locally, are far more widespread and emerging pathogens have far more frequent infection opportunities. Enterohemorrhagic E.

Size-exclusion chromatography can identify faster-associating protein complexes and evaluate design strategies.

Background: We previously developed a set of rationally designed mutant MICA protein ligands for the NKG2D immunoreceptor in which MICA was mutated at residues that do not contact NKG2D. Some of these MICA mutants, predicted by RosettaDesign to be destabilized, bound NKG2D with affinities enhanced by more than an order of magnitude when evaluated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR).

Findings: Small-zone size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) detected persistent high-affinity MICA mutant-NKG2D complexes in solution as early-eluting peaks.

Serratia marcescens osteomyelitis in an infant.

Neutrophil dysfunction can result from oxidative burst defect or from glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency; we noted both in the same patient. A 4-month-old male infant with G6PD deficiency presented with swelling of the left middle finger, left leg, and right big toe. At 5 weeks of age he was hospitalized for fever for 2 days.

Food allergy: manifestations, diagnosis and management.

Adverse reactions to food are common but only a fraction of them are due to hypersensitivity (or allergy). Of the latter, immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated reactions appear to be the most common and best understood. A wide variety of manifestations may affect various body systems, particularly the gastrointestinal tract, skin and respiratory tract.