Community engagement and power dynamics in conservation philanthropy grant making.

Funding decisions influence where, how, and by whom conservation is pursued globally. In the context of growing calls for more participatory, Indigenous-led, and socially just conservation, we undertook the first empirical investigation of how philanthropic foundations working in marine conservation globally engage communities in grant-making decisions. We paid particular attention to whether and how community engagement practices reinforce or disrupt existing power dynamics.

COMPASS: navigating the rules of scientific engagement.

COMPASS shares a decade of experience in helping scientists become effective leaders by navigating a path from outreach to meaningful engagement with journalists and policymakers.

Intensity-ratio error compensation for triangular-pattern phase-shifting profilometry.

We present an intensity-ratio error-compensation method to decrease the measurement error caused by projector gamma nonlinearity and image defocus in triangular-pattern phase-shifting profilometry. The intensity-ratio measurement error is first determined by simulating the measurement with the triangular-pattern phase-shifting method with ideal and real captured triangular-pattern images based on the ideal and real gamma nonlinearity functions. A lookup table that stores the intensity-ratio measurement error corresponding to the measured intensity ratio is constructed and used for intensity-ratio error compensation.

Multiple-step triangular-pattern phase shifting and the influence of number of steps and pitch on measurement accuracy.

We present new extensions of the two-step, triangular-pattern phase-shifting method for different numbers of phase-shifting steps to increase measurement accuracy and to analyze the influence of the number of phase-shifting steps and pitch of the projected triangular intensity-profile pattern on the measurement accuracy. Phase-shifting algorithms to generate the intensity ratio, essential for surface reconstruction, were developed for each measurement method. Experiments determined that higher measurement accuracy can be obtained with a greater number of phase-shifting steps and a lower value of pitch, as long as the pitch is appropriately selected to be divisible by the number of phase-shifting steps and not below an optimal value, where intensity-ratio unwrapping failure would occur.