[Bone changes in multiple myeloma--current etiopathogenic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].

Myelomatous bone disease affects about 90% patients with multiple myeloma and solitary myeloma as well. In initial stage it is manifested as osteopenia with osteoporosis or osteolytic foci, pathologic fractures followed by neurologic complications. Ethiopathogenitically a role is played by cytokine interactions with local chemokines produced by myeloma cells and activated stromal and hemopoietic cells (osteoblasts, monocytes, macrophages) resp.

Retrolective cohort study of an additive therapy with an oral enzyme preparation in patients with multiple myeloma.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of an additive therapy with an oral enzyme (OE) preparation given for more than 6 months additionally to standard combination chemotherapy (vincristine/melphalan/cyclophosphamide/prednisone (VMCP)- or methylprednisolone/ vincristine/CCNU/cyclophosphamide/melphalan (MOCCA)-regimen) in the primary treatment of patients with multiple myeloma stages I-III.

Methods: A cohort of 265 patients with multiple myeloma stages I-III was consecutively treated at our institution in two parallel groups (control group (n = 99): chemotherapy +/-OE for less than 6 months; OE-group (n = 166): chemotherapy + OE for more than 6 months). The median follow-up time in the stages I, II, and III for the OE-group was 61, 37, and 46.

[Osteoporosis in multiple myeloma].

The problem of osteoporosis is world-wide in people above 50 years of age. As this period is also a risk period for the development of multiple myeloma or other malignant processes, comprehensive differential diagnosis of malignant and benign osteoporosis is essential. By retrospective analysis of a 12-year group of 270 patients treated by chemotherapy on account of multiple myeloma the authors selected a group of 151 patients treated in addition to chemotherapy and immunomodulating drugs (mixture of proteolytic enzymes-Wobe Mugos) for 2-3 years, also with biphosphonates.

[Comparison of the effectiveness and tolerance of Aktiferrin, a ferrous sulfate capsule preparation and Tardyferon pills in patients with uncomplicated sideropenic anemia].

Background: The most frequent complications of oral administration of medicinal iron are gastrointestinal complaints the incidence of which correlates with the iron content of the preparation. The objective of the present work was to compare the effectiveness and tolerance of two ferrous sulphate preparations, Aktiferrin capsules and Tardyferon dragées which differ as to the elemental iron content.

Methods And Results: To two groups of patients with sideropenic anaemia selected at random (39 women and 1 men, age 14-61 years, median 28 years) Aktiferrin or Tardyferon was administered.

[Long-term survival in multiple myeloma].

The authors present the results of 23-year protocol studies of survival with multiple myeloma, focused on problems of perspective long-term survival. Of 535 diagnosed patients between 1970 and 1990 the authors checked regularly and treated 475. In addition to 60 latent forms where treatment was administered only when clinical symptoms developed or after progression of laboratory signs, to all patients treatment was administered according to protocols (monotherapy-cyclophosphamide prednisone in 1970-1975 only to 30 patients, the remainder had combined treatment--COPP, VMCP, MOCCA); in the third stage of the disease MOCCA treatment is better.

[The favorable effect of hydrolytic enzymes in the treatment of immunocytomas and plasmacytomas].

At present attention is focused on research of biomodulating influences on tumorous processes, in particular inhibition of metastatic spread of tumors. In the aetiopathogenesis an important part is played by immune complexes, interaction of cytokines. The authors tested the supporting effect of hydrolytic enzymes in plasmocytoma and immunocytoma.

[Immunotyping of medullary and circulatory cells for prognostic evaluation of plasmacytoma].

The authors discuss the prognostic impact of immunophenotyping of circulating lymphoplasmatic cells in the peripheral blood stream in patients with generalized plasmocytoma. From a group of 250 patients followed up from 1981 to 1991 they selected a sub-group of 70 patients where they evaluated in 1986-1991 after six-month intervals the phenotype of medullary and circulating cells. They used the method of immunofluorescent detection of the presence of cytoplasmic Ig, the kappa-lambda index and phenotyping of antigens CD 9, CD 10, CD 20, CD 38, HLA-DR by monoclonal antibodies.

Prognostic factors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

In respect to literary data, we tried to evaluate some qualitative and quantitative indices for prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In the group of 117 patients we evaluated prognostic parameter proposed by Jaksic and Vitale, which takes into consideration so-called total tumour mass (TTM). In the group of patients investigated we did not succeed in confirmation of prognostic value of TTM scoring as determined at the time of CLL diagnosis.