HIV Prevalence and Risk Behaviors Among Female Sex Workers in Botswana: Results from the 2012 HIV/STI Bio-Behavioral Study.

To evaluate HIV/STI prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs) in Botswana, and assess HIV-related risk behaviors. Cross-sectional study using time-location sampling in three districts of Botswana. Adjusted HIV prevalence at district level ranged from 53.

The prevalence of HIV associated oral lesions among adults in the era of HAART.

Introduction: The overall prevalence of HIV associated oral lesions among adults has decreased since the advent of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART).

Aims And Objectives: This study describes the prevalence and types of oral mucosal lesions in adults, who accepted a dedicated oral and dental programme for HIV-infected patients. The incidence of oral lesions and the CD4 cell counts on those patients, were related to cases receiving HAART and to those who were not.

Integrating reproductive health and HIV indicators into the Nigerian health system--building an evidence base for action.

The lack of integrated M&E system makes it difficult to assess the effectiveness of HIV and family planning (FP) service integration. Since 2007, Nigeria integrated FP and HIV M&E systems. A pre-post survey compared the availability and use of FP-HIV integration M&E tools six months pre- and 12-months post-integration in 71 health facilities supported by the Global HIV/AIDS Initiative Nigeria (GHAIN).

The use of routine monitoring and evaluation systems to assess a referral model of family planning and HIV service integration in Nigeria.

Objective: To measure changes in service utilization of a model integrating family planning with HIV counselling and testing (HCT), antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) in the Nigerian public health facilities.

Design: It is a retrospective survey of attendance and family planning commodity uptake in 71 health facilities in Nigeria that analyzes the preintegration and postintegration periods between March 2007 and January 2009.

Methods: A prepost retrospective comparison of mean attendance at family planning clinics and couple-years of protection (CYP) compared 6 months preintegration with 9 months postintegration period.

Odontogenic myxoma: review of the literature and report of 30 cases from South Africa.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to analyze the clinical and radiographic features of central odontogenic myxomas (OM) of the jaws diagnosed over 23 years in a black South African patient sample.

Study Design: Records of 30 cases of OMs with radiographs of diagnostic quality were retrieved from 52 cases of histopathologically verified OMs from the archives of the Oral Health Center at the University of Limpopo, South Africa. The age, sex, size, location, and radiographic features were compared with the literature.

Health systems and access to antiretroviral drugs for HIV in Southern Africa: service delivery and human resources challenges.

Without strengthened health systems, significant access to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in many developing countries is unlikely to be achieved. This paper reflects on systemic challenges to scaling up ARV access in countries with both massive epidemics and weak health systems. It draws on the authors' experience in southern Africa and the World Health Organization's framework on health system performance.

Impaired tooth eruption: a review.

Eruption is the continuous process of movement of a tooth from its developmental location inside the jaw to its functional location in the mouth. Impaired tooth eruption, where this process is disturbed, is common in dental practice. It may manifest either as delayed or complete absence of eruption.

Sexually transmitted infections -- factors associated with quality of care among private general practitioners.

Objectives: To study the factors associated with quality of sexually transmitted infection (STI) care among private general practitioners in Gauteng.

Methods: We analysed 1 194 records of patients attending 26 randomly selected GP practices in the first 3 months of 2000 and 2002, for 3 STI syndromes, namely urethral discharge, pelvic inflammatory disease and genital ulcers. We assessed adherence to nationally accepted STI treatment guidelines and analysed the influence of patient and practice-level variables on effectiveness of STI drug regimens and trends over time.

Improving the quality of STI care by private general practitioners: a South African case study.

Objectives: Evaluation of an intervention to improve quality of sexually transmitted infections (STI) care among 64 private general practitioners (GPs) working in two urban districts in Gauteng Province, South Africa.

Methods: We implemented a multifaceted intervention, the core of which were four interactive continuing medical education seminars. Changes in STI treatment practices were evaluated through record reviews before and after the continuing medical education intervention in 17 randomly selected practices in the intervention districts and in nine randomly selected practices from a reference GP group (n = 34).

Digital radiography: update for oral health care workers.

Digital Radiography is an imaging system that does away with the use of films. It constitutes an advance in computer technology and has made a significant impact on the field of Maxillofacial- and Dental Radiology. This paper presents an overview of the basic concepts and applications of dental digital radiography and compares it with conventional film-based imaging.

Quality and equity of private sector care for sexually transmitted diseases in South Africa.

The private sector plays a major role in the delivery of health care in South Africa. Over the past two decades, the quality and equity of such provision has been questioned internationally. A study was conducted in Gauteng Province to explore these issues, using care for sexually transmitted disease (STD) as a case study.

The procedural skills of rural hospital doctors.

Objectives: To describe the spectrum of procedures performed by general medical officers in South African rural hospitals, and the attitudinal issues associated with these tasks.

Design: A descriptive study combining quantitative and qualitative methods: a quantitative audit of operating theatre records of 15 rural hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal and 4 rural hospitals in Northern Province, and a qualitative analysis of 8 focus group discussions in which rural hospital doctors discussed their procedural work.

Outcome Measures: Quantitative results included patient age, type of anaesthetic, type of procedure, and whether a separate anaesthetist was present or not for each recorded procedure performed in the operating theatre.