Placental human papillomavirus infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Introduction: Knowledge on prevalence and association of human papillomavirus (HPV) in third trimester placentae and adverse pregnancy outcomes is limited. We investigated the prevalence of placental HPV at delivery, explored urine HPV characteristics associated with placental HPV and whether placental HPV increased the risk adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: Pregnant women were enrolled in the Scandinavian PreventADALL mother-child cohort study at midgestation.

Cystic fibrosis newborn screening in Switzerland - evaluation and scenarios for improvement after 11 years of follow-up.

Background: Newborn bloodspot screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) is important for early diagnosis and treatment. However, screening can lead to false-positive results leading to unnecessary follow-up tests and distress. This study evaluated the 11-year performance of the Swiss CF-NBS programme, estimated optimal cut-offs for immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT), and examined how simulated algorithms would change performance.

Determinants of health-related quality of life in healthy children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Unlabelled: Understanding health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents, during a pandemic and afterwards, aids in understanding how circumstances in their lives impact their well-being. We aimed to identify determinants of HRQOL from a broad range of biological, psychological, and social factors in a large longitudinal population-based sample. Data was taken from a longitudinal sample (n = 1843) of children and adolescents enrolled in the prospective school-based cohort study Ciao Corona in Switzerland.

Persistent humoral immune response in youth throughout the COVID-19 pandemic: prospective school-based cohort study.

Understanding the development of humoral immune responses of children and adolescents to SARS-CoV-2 is essential for designing effective public health measures. Here we examine the changes of humoral immune response in school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020 to July 2022), with a specific interest in the Omicron variant (beginning of 2022). In our study "Ciao Corona", we assess in each of the five testing rounds between 1874 and 2500 children and adolescents from 55 schools in the canton of Zurich with a particular focus on a longitudinal cohort (n=751).

Effects of remdesivir in patients hospitalised with COVID-19: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Interpretation of the evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of remdesivir in patients treated in hospital for COVID-19 is conflicting. We aimed to assess the benefits and harms of remdesivir compared with placebo or usual care in these patients, and whether treatment effects differed between prespecified patient subgroups.

Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane COVID-19 trial registry, ClinicalTrials.

Infant lung function: criteria for selecting tidal flow-volume loops.

Background: Tidal flow-volume (TFV) loops are commonly recorded in infants during sleep, due to the more regular breathing patterns compared to the awake state. Standardised deselection of loops outside pre-specified ranges are based on periods of regular breathing, while criteria and available software for visual evaluation of TFV loops are lacking. We aimed to determine the reliability of standardised criteria for manual selection of infant TFV loops.

The effect of nicotine-containing products and fetal sex on placenta-associated circulating midpregnancy biomarkers.

Background: In utero exposure to nicotine, largely assessed by smoking, is a risk factor for impaired offspring health, while potential effects of non-combustible nicotine use such as snus (oral moist tobacco), are less well-known. Maternal serum concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) may be viewed as "placenta health markers", known to differ by fetal sex. Maternal smoking during pregnancy has been associated with lower levels of circulating sFlt-1, while the effect of snus on placenta-associated angiogenic factors is unknown.

Sunscreens With High Versus Low Sun Protection Factor and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Risk: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Evidence on sunscreen use and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) risk is limited. Most studies have not taken sun protection factor (SPF) into consideration and used nonusers of sunscreen as the reference group. Nonusers are likely a priori at lower cSCC risk than users.

Maternal human papillomavirus infections at mid-pregnancy and delivery in a Scandinavian mother-child cohort study.

Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are common, especially during women's reproductive years, with unclear obstetrical impact. This study aimed to identify HPV prevalence at mid-gestation and delivery, type-specific persistence from mid-gestation to delivery, and risk factors for HPV infection and persistence.

Methods: In 757 women from a Scandinavian prospective mother-child cohort, HPV was analyzed in first-void urine samples at mid-gestation and delivery.

In-Hospital 3D Printed Scaphoid Prosthesis Using Medical-Grade Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Biomaterial.

Recently, three-dimensional (3D) printing has become increasingly popular in the medical sector for the production of anatomical biomodels, surgical guides, and prosthetics. With the availability of low-cost desktop 3D printers and affordable materials, the in-house or point-of-care manufacturing of biomodels and Class II medical devices has gained considerable attention in personalized medicine. Another projected development in medical 3D printing for personalized treatment is the in-house production of patient-specific implants (PSIs) for partial and total bone replacements made of medical-grade material such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK).

COVID-19 Triage and Test Center: Safety, Feasibility, and Outcomes of Low-Threshold Testing.

This prospective observational study evaluated the safety and feasibility of a low threshold testing process in a Triage and Test Center (TTC) during the early course of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. In addition, we aimed to identify clinical predictors for a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) swab result. Patients underwent informal triage, standardized history taking, and physician evaluation, only where indicated.

Validation of the Clinical Frailty Scale for Prediction of Thirty-Day Mortality in the Emergency Department.

Study Objective: We validate the Clinical Frailty Scale by examining its independent predictive validity for 30-day mortality, ICU admission, and hospitalization and by determining its reliability. We also determine frailty prevalence in our emergency department (ED) as measured with the Clinical Frailty Scale.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study including consecutive ED patients aged 65 years or older, from a single tertiary care center during a 9-week period.

Snus in pregnancy and infant birth size: a mother-child birth cohort study.

Rationale: While recent studies show that maternal use of snus during pregnancy is increasing, the potential effects on infant birth size is less investigated, with conflicting results.

Objectives: We aimed to determine if maternal use of snus during pregnancy influences the infant anthropometric and proportional size measures at birth.

Methods: In 2313 mother-child pairs from the population-based, mother-child birth cohort PreventADALL (Preventing Atopic Dermatitis and ALLergies) in Norway and Sweden, we assessed nicotine exposure by electronic questionnaire(s) at 18 and 34 weeks of pregnancy, and anthropometric measurements at birth.

Comparison of two sweat test systems for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in newborns.

Objectives: In the national newborn screening programme for CF in Switzerland, we compared the performance of two sweat test methods, by investigating the feasibility and diagnostic performance of the Macroduct collection method (with chloride mesurement) and Nanoduct test (measuring conductivity) for diagnosing CF.

Study-design: We included all newborns with a positive screening result between 2011 and 2015 who were referred to a CF-centre for sweat testing. In the CF-centre, a Macroduct and Nanoduct sweat test were performed simultaneously.

A partially supervised physical activity program for adult and adolescent survivors of childhood cancer (SURfit): study design of a randomized controlled trial [NCT02730767].

Background: Beyond survival of nowadays >80%, modern childhood cancer treatment strives to preserve long-term health and quality of life. However, the majority of today's survivors suffer from short- and long-term adverse effects such as cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, obesity, osteoporosis, fatigue, depression, and reduced physical fitness and quality of life. Regular exercise can play a major role to mitigate or prevent such late-effects.

Preferences for the organization of long-term follow-up in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors.

Purpose: As survival rates of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients increase, a growing number of AYA cancer survivors need follow-up care. However, there is little research on their preferences for follow-up care. We aimed to (1) describe AYA cancer survivors' preferences for the organization and content of follow-up care, (2) describe their preferences for different models of follow-up, and (3) investigate clinical and sociodemographic characteristics associated with preferences for the different models.

Follow-up care of young childhood cancer survivors: attendance and parental involvement.

Purpose: Despite recommendations, only a proportion of long-term childhood cancer survivors attend follow-up care. We aimed to (1) describe the follow-up attendance of young survivors aged 11-17 years; (2) describe the parental involvement in follow-up, and (3) investigate predictors of follow-up attendance and parental involvement.

Methods: As part of the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, a follow-up questionnaire was sent to parents of childhood cancer survivors aged 11-17 years.

Measurement of fecal elastase improves performance of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis.

Background: The aim of newborn screening (NBS) for CF is to detect children with 'classic' CF where early treatment is possible and improves prognosis. Children with inconclusive CF diagnosis (CFSPID) should not be detected, as there is no evidence for improvement through early treatment. No algorithm in current NBS guidelines explains what to do when sweat test (ST) fails.

Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis - The parent perspective.

Background: Newborn screening for CF started 01/2011 in Switzerland. We investigated the parents' opinions about the information received, their feelings, and overall approval of the screening.

Methods: This is a prospective questionnaire survey of all parents of positively screened children.

Cancer's positive flip side: posttraumatic growth after childhood cancer.

Background: Surviving childhood cancer may result in positive psychological changes called posttraumatic growth (PTG). Knowing about the possibility of positive changes may facilitate survivors' reintegration in daily life. We aimed to (1) describe PTG in Swiss childhood cancer survivors including the most and the least common PTG phenomena on the subscale and item levels and (2) determine factors associated with PTG.

Efficient synthesis of fused bicyclic ethers and their application in herbicide chemistry.

A series of triketones 2 and 3 featuring novel fused bicyclic aryl ethers have been prepared. The syntheses utilized ring-closing olefin metathesis (compounds 2), or oxidative cyclization of allylphenols as the key steps. The herbicidal activity of the targeted triketones 2 and 3 on various grasses and broad-leaved weeds was determined and compared with compound 1.

A recovery-oriented approach for an acute psychiatric ward: is it feasible and how does it affect staff satisfaction?

To evaluate professionals' attitudes to recovery and coercion, as well their satisfaction with working conditions before and after the implementation of a recovery-oriented ward concept on an admission ward. Longitudinal study design with two measurement times of the study sample, with a control group assessed at study end. Evaluating the implementation of the recovery concept, attitudes towards recovery, coercion, perceptions of the ward and working satisfaction were assessed with questionnaires and computed using Chi square and ANOVA variance analyses.

Measuring recovery: validity of the "Recovery Process Inventory" and the "Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire".

Considerable lack of publications and inconsistent results on construct validity make it difficult to choose an appropriate instrument to measure recovery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate additional psychometric aspects of two established measures of personal recovery with differing focuses. Bivariate associations of the recovery measures with personal, clinical and subjective factors were conducted as indicators of concurrent (convergent and divergent) validity.