Effects of brown seaweeds on postprandial glucose, insulin and appetite in humans - A randomized, 3-way, blinded, cross-over meal study.

Background & Aims: Seaweed including brown seaweeds with rich bioactive components may be efficacious for a glycaemic management strategy and appetite control. We investigated the effects of two brown edible seaweeds, Laminaria digitata (LD) and Undaria pinnatifida (UP), on postprandial glucose metabolism and appetite following a starch load in a human meal study.

Methods: Twenty healthy subjects were enrolled in a randomized, 3-way, blinded cross-over trial.

Breastmilk Lipids and Oligosaccharides Influence Branched Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations in Infants with Excessive Weight Gain.

Scope: The aim is to identify breastmilk components associated with fecal concentration of SCFAs and to investigate whether they differ between infants with high weight gain (HW) and normal weight gain (NW).

Methods And Results: Breastmilk and fecal samples are collected from mother-infant dyads with HW (n = 11) and NW (n = 15) at 5 and 9 months of age. Breastmilk is profiled on ultra-performance LC-quadrupole TOF-MS platform.

Pre-meal protein intake alters postprandial plasma metabolome in subjects with metabolic syndrome.

Purpose: We examined the effect on the postprandial plasma metabolome of protein pre-meals before a fat-rich main meal.

Methods: Two randomized, cross-over meal studies were conducted to test the dose-response effect (0 g, 10 g, 20 g) of a pre-meal with whey protein (WP) (PREMEAL I), and the effect of protein quality (10 g WP, casein, or gluten) and timing (- 15 min vs - 30 min) of the pre-meal (PREMEAL II). Participants with metabolic syndrome received one of the test meals on each test day, - 15 min (or - 30 min) prior to a standardized fat-rich breakfast.

Gut microbiota alterations and dietary modulation in childhood malnutrition - The role of short chain fatty acids.

The gut microbiome affects the health status of the host through different mechanisms and is associated with a wide variety of diseases. Both childhood undernutrition and obesity are linked to alterations in composition and functionality of the gut microbiome. One of the possible mechanisms underlying the interplay between microbiota and host metabolism is through appetite-regulating hormones (including leptin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1).