Exploring of Chemical Profile and Biological Activities of Three Ocimum Species From Comoros Islands: A Combination of In Vitro and In Silico Insights.

Ocimum species have a great interest in different traditional medicinal systems. This study examined the chemical composition, antioxidant properties, enzyme inhibitory effects, and antibacterial and antifungal activities of the aerial parts of Ocimum gratissimum, Ocimum americanum, and Ocimum basilicum from the Comoros Islands. The extracts were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) to determine their chemical composition.

Insecticidal, antifeedant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of sesquiterpenoids derived from eudesmane, their molecular docking and QSAR.

This work evaluated the insecticidal, antifeedant and AChE inhibitory activity of compounds with eudesmane skeleton. The insecticidal activity was tested against larvae of Drosophila melanogaster and Cydia pomonella, the compounds 3 and 4 were the most active (LC of 104.2 and 106.

Structural characteristics and fermentation patterns of polysaccharides from mushrooms.

The aim of this study was to investigate the structural characteristics and fermentation patterns of polysaccharides from mushrooms. Polysaccharides were solubilized from fruit bodies of selected mushrooms , , and using subcritical water extraction. polysaccharides were characterized for their general physicochemical pattern, constituent monosaccharides and molecular weight.

Lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity and some strategies to protect vascular smooth muscle cell against proliferative phenotype in metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atherosclerosis through a mechanism that involves vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. Several molecules found to be increased in MetS, including free fatty acids, fatty acid binding protein 4, leptin, resistin, oxidized lipoprotein particles, and advanced glycation end products, influence VSMC proliferation. Most of these molecules act through their receptors on VSMCs by activating several signaling pathways associated with ROS generation in various cellular compartments.

Integrated miRNA and mRNA omics reveal dioscin suppresses migration and invasion via MEK/ERK and JNK signaling pathways in human endometrial carcinoma in vivo and in vitro.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Polygonatum sibiricum Redouté (PS, also called Huangjing in traditional Chinese medicine), is a perennial herb as homology of medicine and food. According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory "Special Records of Famous Doctors", its functions include invigorating qi and nourishing yin, tonifying spleen and kidney. Traditionally, qi and blood therapy has been believed as most applicable to the treatment of uterine disease.

Could elderberry fruits processed by modern and conventional drying and extraction technology be considered a valuable source of health-promoting compounds?

The influence of drying and extraction processes on the phytochemical composition and biopotential of elderberry is challenging for the food industry. For this reason in this research two drying techniques (lyophilization and natural convection) and three extraction techniques (ultrasound (UAE), microwave (MAE), and conventional (maceration (MAC)) was applied using two"green" solvents (water and 50 % ethanol). Results of the research showed that lyophilization was a better way of drying than natural convection, while MAE extraction was the most efficient technique for the isolation of secondary metabolites.

Transcriptome and proteomics conjoint analysis reveal metastasis inhibitory effect of 6-shogaol as ferroptosis activator through the PI3K/AKT pathway in human endometrial carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.

Endometrial cancer remains as one of the widespread female malignancies despite the existing treatment measures mainly surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In recent times, studies have focused on medicinal plants such as ginger due to its multifaceted characteristics compared to conventional medicine. 6-Shogaol is regarded as the main active compound of ginger participating in pharmacological activities and combating various health disorders, especially cancer.

Pien-Tze-Huang alleviates CCl-induced liver fibrosis through the inhibition of HSC autophagy and the TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway.

Pien-Tze-Huang (PZH)-a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound-has been employed to treat various liver inflammation and tumors for over 10 decades. Interestingly, most of the pharmacological effects had been validated and explored toward liver ailment along with pro-inflammatory conditions and cancer at the cellular and molecular level to date. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of PZH on autophagy and TGF-β1 signaling pathways in rats with liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell line (HSC).

Cyclopeptide Alkaloids from Discaria chacaye (Rhamnaceae) as Result of Symbiosis with Frankia (Actinomycetales).

Cyclopeptide alkaloids with different biological activities are present in plants of the family Rhamnaceae. Plants of this family grow in a symbiotic relationship with aerobic Gram-positive actinomycetes belonging to the genus Frankia. This goal of this research was a study of the comparative profile of alkaloids present in Discaria chacaye and to establish a connection between the presence or absence of Frankia sp.

Assessments of Ceanothanes Triterpenes as Cholinesterase Inhibitors: An Investigation of Potential Agents with Novel Inspiration for Drug Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory capacity of ceanothanes triterpenes isolate from Chilean Rhamnaceae on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. Seven ceanothanes triterpenes were isolated from aerial parts of plant material by classical phytochemical methods or prepared by the hemisynthetic method. Structures were determined by the spectroscopic method (1H-NMR and 13C NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS).

Dyhidro-β-agarofurans natural and synthetic as acetylcholinesterase and COX inhibitors: interaction with the peripheral anionic site (AChE-PAS), and anti-inflammatory potentials.

In order to find molecules of natural origin with potential biological activities, we isolate and synthesise compounds with agarofuran skeletons (epoxyeudesmanes). From the seeds of and we obtained six dihydro-β-agarofurans, and by means of the Robinson annulation reaction we synthesised five compounds with the same skeleton. The structures were established on the basis of NMR, IR, and MS.

Riboflavin Bioenriched Soymilk Alleviates Oxidative Stress Mediated Liver Injury, Intestinal Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota Modification in B Depletion-Repletion Mice.

Epidemiological evidence emphasizes that ariboflavinosis can lead to oxidative stress, which in turn may mediate the initiation and progression of liver injury and intestinal inflammation. Although vitamin B has gained worldwide attention for its antioxidant defense, the relationship between B status, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and intestinal homeostasis remains indistinct. Herein, we developed a B depletion-repletion BALB/c mice model to investigate the ameliorative effects of B bioenriched fermented soymilk (BFS) on ariboflavinosis, accompanied by oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota modulation in response to B deficiency.

Palmitoyl-CoA effect on cytochrome c release, a key process of apoptosis, from liver mitochondria of rat with sucrose diet-induced obesity.

Cytochrome c (cyt-c) release from the mitochondria to the cytosol is a key process in the initiation of hepatocyte apoptosis involved in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatocyte apoptosis may be related to lipotoxicity due to the accumulation of palmitic acid and palmitoyl-CoA (Pal-CoA). Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine whether Pal-CoA induces cyt-c release from liver mitochondria of sucrose-fed rat (SF).

Spiraeoside extracted from red onion skin ameliorates apoptosis and exerts potent antitumor, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects.

Red onion skin waste (ROSW) was analyzed for extraction of naturally occurring 4'-O-glucoside of quercetin, spiraeoside (SPI) with promising biological activities. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the SPI content in three different solvent extracts of ROSW: water (12.2 mg/g), methanol (27.

Recent advances on bioactive polysaccharides from mulberry.

Mulberry (Moraceae family), commonly considered as a folk remedy, has a long history of usage in many regions of the world. Polysaccharides regarded as one of the major components in mulberry plants, and they possess antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, prebiotic, immunomodulatory and antitumor properties, among others. In recent decades, mulberry polysaccharides have been widely studied for their multiple health benefits and potential economic value.

Gut modulation based anti-diabetic effects of carboxymethylated wheat bran dietary fiber in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and their potential mechanisms.

We explored the effect of carboxymethylated wheat bran dietary fibers (DFs) on mice with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (induced by HFD combined with STZ) and their possible hypoglycemic mechanism. After feeding the diabetic mice with modified DFs for four weeks, the DFs had lipid lowering and anti-hyperglycemic effect, via increasing the levels of insulin, GLP-1, PYY, and SCFAs in diabetic mice, and improving the histopathology of liver and pancreas. qRT-PCR results showed that the intake of DFs up-regulated the expression levels of G6Pase and Prkce, and down regulated the expression levels of Glut2 and InsR in the liver of diabetic mice.

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Some Components of the Essential Oils of Plants Used in the Traditional Medicine of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Puebla, México.

In Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valley (Mexico), studies have been carried out on the essential oils of medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity and it was found that they present compounds in common such as: α-pinene, β-pinene, carvacrol, eugenol, limonene, myrcene, ocimene, cineole, methyl salicylate, farnesene, and thymol. The goal of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of essential oils' compounds. The qualitative evaluation was carried out by the Kirby Baüer agar diffusion technique in Gram-positive bacteria (11 strains), Gram-negative bacteria (18 strains), and yeasts (8 strains).

Asparanin A inhibits cell migration and invasion in human endometrial cancer via Ras/ERK/MAPK pathway.

Asparanin A (AA), a natural compound present in vegetables and medicinal herbs like Asparagus officinalis L., has been investigated extensively for its pharmacological attributes. So far, the effect of AA on endometrial cancer (EC) cell migration and invasion has not been explored.

Dioscin inhibits human endometrial carcinoma proliferation via G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial-dependent signaling pathway.

The present study emphasized on the anti-cancerous effects of dioscin and its underlying molecular mechanism in human endometrial cancer Ishikawa cells. Dioscin significantly suppressed the proliferation of Ishikawa cells at IC of 2.37 μM.

Computer-assisted discovery of compounds with insecticidal activity against Musca domestica and Mythimna separata.

Pesticides are used to control and combat insects and pests in the agricultural sector, households, and public health programs. The frequent and disorderly use of these pesticides may lead to variety of undesired effects. Therefore, natural products have many advantages over to synthetic compounds to be used as insecticides.

Assessment of Insecticidal Activity of Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids from Chilean Rhamnaceae Plants against Fruit-Fly and the Lepidopteran Crop Pest .

The Chilean plants , (Rhamnaceae), (Monimiaceae), and (Lauraceae) were evaluated against Codling moth: L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and fruit fly (Diptera: Drosophilidae), which is one of the most widespread and destructive primary pests of (plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apricots, almonds), pear, walnuts, and chestnuts, among other. Four benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (coclaurine, laurolitsine, boldine, and pukateine) were isolated from the above mentioned plant species and evaluated regarding their insecticidal activity against the codling moth and fruit fly.

Apigenin 7-O-glucoside promotes cell apoptosis through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway and inhibits cell migration in cervical cancer HeLa cells.

Epidemiologic evidence promote the inclusion of flavones in diet due to their inhibitory effects on certain types of cancers, particularly in women. Among the naturally occurring plant flavonoids, Apigenin 7-O-glucoside (AGL) is endowed with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer activities. However, its mechanism of action on cervical cancer, the fourth largest cancer in women, has not yet been clarified.