Corrigendum: Polydeoxyribonucleotide, an adenosine-A2 receptor agonist, preserves blood testis barrier from cadmium-induced injury.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.

Polydeoxyribonucleotide, an Adenosine-A2 Receptor Agonist, Preserves Blood Testis Barrier from Cadmium-Induced Injury.

Cadmium (Cd) impairs blood-testis barrier (BTB). Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), an adenosine A agonist, has positive effects on male reproductive system. We investigated the effects of PDRN on the morphological and functional changes induced by Cd in mice testes.

Apoptotic Pathways Linked to Endocrine System as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a chronic condition common in older men that can result in bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms. The molecular mechanisms and networks underlying the development and the progression of the disease are still far from being fully understood. BPH results from smooth muscle cell and epithelial cell proliferation, primarily within the transition zone of the prostate.

[Ileal intussusception due to a voluminous inflammatory fibroid polyp. A case report and review of the literature].

An inflammatory fibroid polyp is a rare benign submucosal lesion frequently located in the gastric antrum but it may be found anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract with maximal incidence in the fifth and sixth decades of life. The main histological characteristics are diffuse inflammatory infiltrate with eosinophils, high vascularisation and a myofibroblastic component. Its localisation in the small bowel can cause intestinal invagination in adults, a condition, that occurs most frequently in childhood where, however, it is generally not related to a pathological lesion.

[The value of diagnostic ultrasound for detecting occult inguinal hernia in patients with groin pain].

The value of diagnostic ultrasound for detecting occult inguinal hernia in The aim of this study was to demonstrate the accuracy of ultrasound in diagnosing occult hernia in patients with recurrent inguinal pain and a negative clinical examination. Over a period of three years, a total of 51 patients were referred for ultrasound examination with clinically suspected occult inguinal hernia. Patients with positive US scans were offered surgery, while those with negative US findings were offered further imaging or other diagnostic tests.

[Retroperitoneal giant schwannoma: a case report and review of the literature].

Schwannomas are rare tumours that originate in the neural sheath and account for only a small percentage of all retroperitoneal tumours. They are usually solitary, circumscribed and encapsulated lesions eccentrically located on proximal nerves or spinal nerve roots. Presentation is typically varied and non-specific, ranging from abdominal pain, an abdominal mass or an incidental finding.

Gallstone ileus: report of a case successfully treated by a laparoscopically-assisted enterolithotomy.

Gallstone ileus is an unusual cause of small bowel obstruction that occurs more frequently in elderly patients. The diagnosis is always very challenging and in most of cases this rare complication is misdiagnosed before surgery. The Authors report on a 81-year-old woman with small bowel obstruction who was laparoscopically diagnosed with gallstone ileus and successfully treated by a laparoscopically-assisted enterolithotomy.

Incidental gall bladder carcinoma: does the surgical approach influence the outcome?

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome in patients with unsuspected gall bladder carcinoma diagnosed after cholecystectomy, comparing the laparoscopic approach with open surgery.

Methods: A retrospective study was done of 16 patients who were diagnosed with unsuspected gall bladder carcinoma out of the 2850 who had undergone cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis at our institution between 1990 and 2004. Eight cases (seven women and one man, mean age 63 (range 49-75 years) ) were diagnosed after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (group A) and eight cases (six women and two men, mean age 63 (range 50-79 years) ) after open cholecystectomy (group B).

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Child-Pugh class C cirrhotic patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and advisable procedure in Child-Pugh C cirrhotic patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis.

Methods: The records of 42 laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed between January 1995 and February 2004 in patients with Child-Pugh A, B, and C cirrhosis were retrospectively reviewed, focusing on the 4 patients with Child-Pugh C cirrhosis.

Results: Among the 38 Child-Pugh A and B patients, no deaths occurred.

Early results after radiofrequency-assisted liver resection.

Aims And Background: Intraoperative blood loss during liver resection remains a major concern due to its association with higher postoperative complications and shorter long-term survival. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of a novel concept for liver resection using a radiofrequency energy-assisted technique.

Methods: From January 2001 to July 2002, 42 patients were operated on using radiofrequency energy-assisted liver resection.

[Appendiceal mucocele].

Mucocele of the appendix is a rare lesion, characterised by distension of the lumen due to accumulation of mucoid substance. Mucocele is often asymptomatic and is found incidentally during surgical explorations or ultrasonography studies. This report illustrates the clinicopathologic features of a case of appendiceal mucocele observed during an emergency laparotomy.