Laypeople's perceptions of frontal smile esthetics: A systematic review.

Introduction: The emphasis on dental esthetics has increased in recent years. There are, however, differences in esthetic perceptions among professional and lay groups. The aim of this comprehensive review was to update previous reviews and answer the following research question: Can lay thresholds for acceptance of smile esthetic anomalies be defined?

Methods: A systematic search in the medical literature (PubMed, PMC, NLM, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical trials, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Google Scholar, and LILACs) was performed to identify all peer-reviewed articles reporting data regarding evaluations of laypeople's perceptions of dental esthetic factors.

Children's perceptions of smile esthetics and their influence on social judgment.

Objective: To define a threshold of acceptance of smile esthetics for children and adolescents.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search in the medical literature (PubMed, PubMed Central, National Library of Medicine's Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Google Scholar, and LILACs) was performed to identify all peer-reviewed papers reporting data regarding the evaluation of children's and adolescents' perceptions of dental esthetic factors. The search was conducted using a research strategy based on keywords such as "children," "adolescents," "smile aesthetics perception," "smile aesthetics evaluation.

Effects of therapy on masseter activity and chewing kinematics in patients with unilateral posterior crossbite.

Objective: To describe the effects of therapy on masseter activity and chewing kinematic in patients with unilateral posterior crossbite (UPC).

Design: Fifty children (age: mean ± SD: 9.1 ± 2.

Diagnostic accuracy and measurement sensitivity of digital models for orthodontic purposes: A systematic review.

Introduction: Our objective was to assess the accuracy, validity, and reliability of measurements obtained from virtual dental study models compared with those obtained from plaster models.

Methods: PubMed, PubMed Central, National Library of Medicine Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical trials, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Google Scholar, and LILACs were searched from January 2000 to November 2014. A grading system described by the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care and the Cochrane tool for risk of bias assessment were used to rate the methodologic quality of the articles.

Psycho-Neurological Status in Children with Malocclusions and Muscle Pressure Habits.

Non-nutritive sucking behaviors such as finger- and tongue-sucking, tongue thrust, lips- or cheek-sucking, nail-, lip- or tongue-biting and other pressure habits represent risk factors for malocclusion. The association between psycho-neurological disorders and different types of malocclusion in children with sucking habits was long studied. During neurological examination, many children with sucking habits are diagnosed as Minimal Cerebral Dysfunction or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) bearers.

Efficacy of surgical and non-surgical interventions on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review.

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of surgical and non-surgical procedures on the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) as an adjunct to orthodontic therapy (OT) in order to estimate the efficacy of these procedures and the benefit of their use in everyday orthodontic practice.

Materials And Methods: Literature search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane databases up to July 2014. Inclusion criteria were: (1) RCTs; (2) orthodontic therapy on permanent dentition; (3) application of adjunctive surgical or non-surgical procedures for accelerating OTM; (4) measurement of tooth movement.

Periodontal health during clear aligners treatment: a systematic review.

Background: Clear aligner treatment (CAT) has been cited as a safe and comfortable orthodontic procedure for adult patients. However, the available evidence is scarce.

Objective: To perform a systematic review of the existing literature in order to assess periodontal health during CAT.

Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review.

Objective: To assess the scientific evidence related to the efficacy of clear aligner treatment (CAT) in controlling orthodontic tooth movement.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, PMC, NLM, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Google Scholar, and LILACs were searched from January 2000 to June 2014 to identify all peer-reviewed articles potentially relevant to the review. Methodological shortcomings were highlighted and the quality of the studies was ranked using the Cochrane Tool for Risk of Bias Assessment.

Effectiveness of a fixed anterior bite plane in Class II deep-bite patients.

Orthodontic treatment of patients with distoclusion combined with dental deep bite and linguo version of the front upper teeth is one of the most difficult forms of malocclusion to treat to a functional and morphological optimum. Our objective was to analyze the efficacy of a fixed anterior bite plane appliance to disclude the teeth and correct this type of malocclusion. At the Department of Orthodontics MSUMD (Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry), we proposed the use of a fixed anterior bite plane for the effective treatment of patients with distoclusion combined to a dental deep bite.

Reliability of a portable device for the detection of sleep bruxism.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the repeatability in detecting sleep bruxism (SB) episodes by combined surface electromyography and heart rate (HR) signals recorded by a compact portable device (Bruxoff®). SB episodes are preceded by a sudden HR change. Thus, HR detection increases the precision of automatic detection of SB.

Alexithymia, anger and psychological distress in patients with myofascial pain: a case-control study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate psychological distress, anger and alexithymia in a group of patients affected by myofascial pain (MP) in the facial region.

Methods: 45 MP patients [mean (SD) age: 38.9 (11.

Assessment of the reliability and repeatability of landmarks using 3-D cephalometric software.

The aim of this study was to analyze the reliability and repeatability of identification landmarks using 3-D cephalometric software. Ten orthognathic patients were selected for this study and underwent the following protocol: 1. radiographic evaluation (CBCT technique); 2.

Chewing pattern and muscular activation in open bite patients.

Different studies have indicated, in open bite patients, that masticatory muscles tend to generate a small maximum bite force and to show a reduced cross-sectional area with a lower EMG activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the kinematics parameters of the chewing cycles and the activation of masseters and anterior temporalis muscles of patients with anterior dental open bite malocclusion. There have been no previous reports evaluating both kinematic values and EMG activity of patients with anterior open bite during chewing.

Clinical and instrumental evaluation of the temporomandibular joint before and after surgical correction of asymptomatic skeletal class III patients.

The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology, the disk position, and the TMJ symptoms before and after surgical-orthodontic correction of skeletal class III malocclusion.Eleven adult patients were recruited to participate in this longitudinal study. Each patient received presurgical and postsurgical orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.

Slow or rapid palatal expansion for early treatment of unilateral posterior crossbite? Evaluation of the reverse chewing cycles correction.

Objectives: It is well established that patients with a unilateral posterior crossbite, when chewing on the affected side, show an increased frequency of reverse chewing cycles. It was hypothesized that the correction of reverse cycles may be due to the characteristics of the therapy. The aim was to investigate the prevalence of reverse chewing patterns in children with unilateral posterior crossbite before and after treatment with Function Generating Bite (FGB).

Evaluation of the stomatognathic system in patients with rheumatoid arthritis according to the research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders.

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features of stomatognathic dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study sample consisted of 40 patients with RA (34 female, 6 male), mean age 44 years, recruited at the Rheumatology Division of the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy. The inclusion criteria were diagnosis of RA according to the criteria of the American Rheumatism Association (ARA).

Temporomandibular joint disorders during HIV infection: a case report.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a term reflecting chronic, painful, craniofacial conditions usually of unclear etiology with impaired jaw function. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients often report chronic pain and pathologies targeting body joints during retroviral therapy. Although both conditions may share similar secondary disorders, no conclusive cause-effect relationship has been found linking the TMD to the HIV-antiviral treatment.

Interleukin-1 gene cluster polymorphisms and gingival recessions after orthodontic treatment.

Introduction: Genetic polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 gene cluster have been associated with the severity of periodontal diseases featured by a variable degree of destruction of connective tissue and bone, such as periodontitis and periimplantitis. This study was aimed to investigate if a link exists between such interleukin-1 gene polymorphisms and the development of gingival recessions during orthodontic treatment in Italian children.

Methods: We evaluated, in 74 young Italian patients of both sexes, the -889 C/T polymorphism of the interleukin-1alpha gene and the -511 C/T and +3954 C/T polymorphisms of interleukin-1alpha gene by polymerase chain reactions-restriction fragment length polymorphism method using NcoI, AvaI and TaqI as restriction enzymes.

The orthodontic treatment of TMD patients: EMG effects of a functional appliance.

The aim of this work was to test the effects of the Function Generator Bite (FGB) on the masticatory muscles of temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) subjects. Two groups were selected for the study. A group of 20 TMD patients (group F) requiring orthodontic treatment and treated with FGB and a group of 10 healthy subjects (group H) were considered.

Immediate placement of implant into impacted maxillary canine extraction socket.

Impaction of a maxillary canine is common. Orthodontic realignment is not always the therapy of choice. Instead, the impacted tooth can be extracted and replaced by an implant.

Chewing pattern before and after unilateral posterior cross-bite therapy with function generating bite: a case report.

Objectives: To evaluate the chewing-cycle closing direction of a patient with a posterior unilateral crossbite, before treatment, six months and one year after correcting the malocclusion with a function generating bite.

Methods And Materials: An 8-year-old girl with right unilateral posterior cross-bite was treated with a function generating bite, which corrected the cross-bite within 5 months. Mandibular movements during mastication of a soft and of a hard bolus were recorded before and after treatment with a K6 I kinesiograph (Myotronics Inc.

Reverse-sequencing chewing patterns before and after treatment of children with a unilateral posterior crossbite.

The aim of this study was to compare the percentage of reverse-sequencing chewing cycles in 22 children [9 boys and 13 girls; mean age +/- SD, 8.6 +/- 1.3 and 8.

Effectiveness of periodontal therapy on the severity of cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth.

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical effects of aetiological periodontal treatment in a group of transplant patients medicated with cyclosporin A (CsA) who exhibited severe gingival overgrowth.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one patients received oral hygiene instructions, supra- and subgingival scaling and periodontal maintenance therapy and were monitored for 12 months. Full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), periodontal probing depth and degree of gingival overgrowth (Seymour index GO) were recorded at baseline, 6 and 12 months after treatment.

Non-surgical periodontal therapy of shallow gingival recession defects: evaluation of the restorative capacity of marginal gingiva after 12 months.

Background: There is a large amount of data on surgical root coverage procedures for the treatment of gingival recessions but no controlled clinical trials on the behavior of marginal gingiva following non-surgical therapy. The aim of our study was to compare in terms of root coverage two different modalities of root surface treatment, root planing and polishing versus polishing alone, over a 12-month period.

Methods: The study was conducted in a split-mouth design.