End-stage renal disease and its treatment in Latin America in the twenty-first century.

The Latin American Society of Nephrology and Arterial Hypertension's Dialysis and Transplant Registry was chartered in 1991. It collects information on ESRD and its treatment in 20 countries of the region. The prevalence of patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT) increased from 129 pmp in 1992 to 447 pmp in 2004; in 2004, 56% of the patients were on hemodialysis, 23% on peritoneal dialysis, and 21% had a functioning kidney graft.

Efficacy and safety outcomes among de novo renal transplant recipients managed by C2 monitoring of cyclosporine a microemulsion: results of a 12-month, randomized, multicenter study.

Background: The clinical benefits of C2 monitoring of cyclosporine microemulsion have been demonstrated, but C2 targets in renal transplant recipients during the first year require validation.

Methods: MO2ART was a prospective, multicenter study of renal transplant recipients managed by C2 monitoring of cyclosporine microemulsion with steroids and mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine. Patients were randomized on day 3 to two groups, which were managed from month 3 with higher or lower C2 target ranges (months 4-6, 1,000-1,200 ng/mL vs.

Clinical outcomes during the first three months posttransplant in renal allograft recipients managed by C2 monitoring of cyclosporine microemulsion.

Background: MO2ART (monitoring of 2-hr absorption in renal transplantation) is the first prospective, multicenter trial of cyclosporine (CsA) blood level 2 hr postdose (C2) monitoring in de novo kidney recipients receiving CsA microemulsion (ME) (Neoral; Novartis, Basel, Switzerland). Efficacy and safety results from the first 3 months are presented here.

Methods: MO2ART is a 12-month, open-label, randomized study involving 296 patients.