Aluminum Concentration Is Associated with Tumor Mutational Burden and the Expression of Immune Response Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancers.

Environmental pollution poses a significant risk to public health, as demonstrated by the bioaccumulation of aluminum (Al) in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the potential mutagenic effect of Al bioaccumulation in CRC samples, linking it to the alteration of key mediators of cancer progression, including immune response biomarkers. Aluminum levels in 20 CRC biopsy samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Unveiling the molecular profile of a prostate carcinoma: implications for personalized medicine.

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common diagnosed tumor and the fifth cancer related death among men in Europe. Although several genetic alterations such as ERG-TMPRSS2 fusion, MYC amplification, PTEN deletion and mutations in p53 and BRCA2 genes play a key role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer, specific gene alteration signature that could distinguish indolent from aggressive prostate cancer or may aid in patient stratification for prognosis and/or clinical management of patients with prostate cancer is still missing. Therefore, here, by a multi-omics approach we describe a prostate cancer carrying the fusion of TMPRSS2 with ERG gene and deletion of 16q chromosome arm.

Senescence in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: Biological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Challenges.

Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) represent a subset of the mesenchymal stem cells in every adipose compartment throughout the body. ADSCs can differentiate into various cell types, including chondrocytes, osteocytes, myocytes, and adipocytes. Moreover, they exhibit a notable potential to differentiate in vitro into cells from other germinal lineages, including endothelial cells and neurons.

Promoting Vaccinations in Pregnancy: Results of a Systematic Literature Review of Italian Initiatives.

Pregnant women and infants inherently face heightened susceptibility to complications resulting from infectious diseases. Within these populations, vaccinations offer numerous advantages. This systematic review endeavors to comprehensively analyze the existing literature concerning interventions designed to promote vaccinations among pregnant women and newborns in Italy.

One-Stage Reconstruction of Scalp after Full-Thickness Oncologic Defects Using a Dermal Regeneration Template (Integra).

The use of Dermal Regeneration Template (DRT) can be a valid alternative for scalp reconstruction, especially in elderly patients where a rapid procedure with an acceptable aesthetic and reliable functional outcome is required. We reviewed the surgical outcome of 20 patients, 14 (70%) males and 6 (30%) females, who underwent application of DRT for scalp reconstruction for small defects (group A: mean defect size of 12.51 cm(2)) and for large defects (group B: mean defect size of 28.

The effect of autologous activated platelet rich plasma (AA-PRP) injection on pattern hair loss: clinical and histomorphometric evaluation.

To investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of AA-PRP injections for pattern hair loss. AA-PRP, prepared from a small volume of blood, was injected on half of the selected patients' scalps with pattern hair loss. The other half was treated with placebo.

Adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells and platelet-rich plasma: basic and clinical evaluation for cell-based therapies in patients with scars on the face.

Background: Actually, autologous fat grafts have many clinical applications in breast surgery, facial rejuvenation, buttock augmentation, and Romberg syndrome as well as a treatment of liposuction sequelae.

Objective: The aim of this article was to describe the preparation and isolation procedures for stromal vascular fraction (SVF), the preparation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and the clinical application in the treatment of the scar on the face.

Methods: Ten patients with burns sequelae (n = 6) and post-traumatic scars (n = 4) were treated with SVF-enhanced autologous fat grafts obtained by the Celution System.

P.R.L. platelet rich lipotransfert: our experience and current state of art in the combined use of fat and PRP.

The authors report their experience about the use of P.R.L.

Changes in nasal profile following maxillomandibular osteotomy for prognathism.

Aim: This article is based on a pre- and postoperative retrospective analysis of a sample of patients affected by progenic syndrome who underwent maxillary bone repositioning by maxillomandibular osteotomies. Pre- and postoperative clinical, photographic, and cephalometric analysis are carried out to assess modifications of the nasal shape due to maxillary osteotomies.

Methods: The sample group studied was made up of 25 patients (13 women, 12 men) who underwent orthodontic-surgical treatment for correction of maxillomandibular deformities.

Complex abdominal wall repair using a porcine dermal matrix.

Management of complex abdominal defects remains a significant challenge for many surgeons, especially in contaminated fields. Currently, available biosynthetic grafts include human cadaveric dermis (AlloDerm), porcine dermal (Permacol and Strattice), and submucosal (Surgisis) sources. All these grafts are composed of an acellular collagen scaffold to provide a bridge for tissue incorporation and neovascularization.

Hypercondylia: problems in diagnosis and therapeutic indications.

Condylar hyperplasia is a rare disease that alters the anatomy of one of the two condylus of the mandible as a consequence of the abnormal growth of the interested condylus and results in facial asymmetry and functional problems at puberty. Both sexes are affected. Two cases were analyzed, including an active and an inactive nucleus.

Traumas of the middle skull base with TMJ involvement. Case report.

The authors report their experience with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) traumas involving breakage of the roof of the glenoid cavity, an infrequent event that occurs in those cases in which, as a result of the condylar neck not fracturing, the traumatic energy is transmitted to the middle skull base. As the literature contains no valid series for establishing standardized protocols for the treatment of these fractures, we propose our own orthopedic-functional approach. The patient observed by us had suffered a cranio-facial trauma and presented the classical symptoms and signs of TMJ traumas and complete bilateral Bell paralysis.

[New view in the mammary asymmetry treatments].

Aim: Breast asymmetry is a huge chapter of breast abnormalities. Surgical therapy is the exclusive one. The breast of women can vary in shape, volume and position, thus creating esthetic, social and psychological problems.

Reconstruction of partially amputated external ear with costal cartilage graft: case report.

Many causes are responsible for secondary anomalies of the outer ear, such as: car accidents, sport- or work-related accidents, assaults, bites from animals or humans, benign or malignant tumours, burns and the effects of surgical interventions of the ear (plastic surgery on the ear or attempts at correction of primary malformations of the ear). The anatomical complexity of the ear makes its reconstruction particularly complicated with post-operative results that are often disappointing. The Authors describe their experience in the reconstruction of a partially amputated outer ear following a dog bite.

Abnormalities of canines eruption.

The aim of this article is to present the personal experience on the treatment of 2 groups of patients presenting the same problem: the recovery of teeth 13 and 23 in the dental arch. The 1(st) group consists of adult patients aged approximately 20-28 years with a retained position of the permanent canines and permanence of the respective deciduous teeth in the dental arch. In the 2(nd) group, the loss of the deciduous teeth had not been followed by the physiological eruption of the permanent teeth.

[Skull base fractures with TMJ involvement: literary review and case report].

The authors report their experience in the treatment of middle skull base fractures with TMJ involvement of ten patients affected by fractures of the glenoid cavity and of the petrous part of the temporal bone, with TMJ disfunction and facial nerve palsy. The treatment has been based on functional rest, a liquid diet for 5 days and than a functional physiotherapy aimed at rehabilitation of the TMJ. The efficacy of treatment has been showed after 2 months by restoring the dental occlusion and the TMJ's function in nine out of ten cases.

[Diabetic foot. Physiopathology, clinical aspects, and recent therapeutic approaches].

Diabetic foot is a complication of diabetes mellitus occurring in 15% of patients that is of specific surgical interest. Over the past few years, preventive measures and the use of new therapeutic resources has reduced the number of patients undergoing demolitive surgery. The authors present a concise but at the same time sufficiently detailed picture of modern knowledge of the physiopathology, clinical aspects and current therapeutic guidelines for diabetic foot.

Titanium bone-integrated implants in extraoral facial prosthetic rehabilitation: surgical planning and long-term follow-up.

The authors report on their clinical experience in the reconstruction of complex facial deformities using titanium osseo-integrated implants for the retention of soft silicone prostheses. They also evaluate the importance of this surgical technique as a viable alternative to traditional reconstructive procedures using autologous grafts, both in patients with severe osteomuscular defects and corrective surgery of unsuccessful reconstruction operations. The patients who underwent implantation operations were studied by CT 3D and 99m Tc SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography) procedures to evaluate osseo-integration at 3 weeks, 3, 6, 12, 24 months.

[Cultured human urothelium. Possible application in reconstructive surgery of the urinary tract].

The authors focus on and analyse a number of problems linked to urinary tract reconstruction, with special reference to urethral surgery in patients suffering from hypospadias. After having examined a number of approaches used over this period, the authors underline the possible new applications and future lines of research offered by cell culture techniques in the fields of urology and plastic surgery.

Mechanisms of bone resorption: analysis of proinflammatory cytokines in peritoneal macrophages from titanium implant--an experimental design.

Cytokines, and interleukin-6 in particular, are inflammatory peptide mediators that are extensively studied as regulators of bone tissue homeostasis. They seem to be involved in osteoclast activation and bone resorption and probably play a role in osseointegrated implant rejection. In this study we investigate the ability of titanium implants to cause an imbalance in the homeostatic equilibrium of cytokines using the peritoneal cavity of DB-A2 mice as a model.

[Mechanical physiopathology of remodeling peri-implant bone. The role of cytokine].

For a number of years titanium osteointegrated implants have represented a major step forward in dentistry, plastic and maxillofacial surgery, providing a lively stimulus to research both in their application and in the experimental field. The study of osteointegration has led to a more detailed knowledge of bone remodelling regulation mechanisms and the biological mediators involved. In this review the authors examine the role played by cytokines in the homeostasis of bone tissue, paying special reference to the phase of osteoclast activation and its possible effects on peri-implant bone resorption.

SPECT in the long-term evaluation of osteointegration in intraoral and extraoral implantology.

Scintigraphic methods used in intraoral and extraoral implantology allow the evaluation of bone metabolism in the peri-implant zones, providing anatomic images and functional dynamics information on the osteointegration process. Twenty-five patients who underwent implantation operations for the application of intra- and extraoral prostheses were studied using technetium 99 m single photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) procedures to evaluate osteointegration dynamics at 3 weeks, and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. The study demonstrates that radiation emission peaks 3 weeks after surgery with the maximal bone remodeling activity and 6 months after surgery after the functional loading of the implants only in intraoral fixtures.

Immediate TRAM flap breast reconstruction in an obese patient with relapsing benign phyllodes tumor: report of a case.

The authors present a case of relapsing benign phyllodes cystosarcoma of the breast in an obese female treated with a simple mastectomy and an immediate reconstruction using a bipedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap. After a brief review of treatment options for phyllodes tumors, they discuss the advantages of TRAM flap breast reconstruction, suggesting that it may also be applied in obese patients.

[Plastic surgery of the abdominal wall in laparocele in a patient with previous kidney transplant].

The authors report the case of a patient undergoing kidney transplant from a non-related but compatible living donor who subsequently developed a voluminous incisional hernia affecting almost the entire small intestine in the right iliac fossa, the site of earlier surgery. After having analysed the problems involved when a transplant patient requires further surgery owing to the chronic administration of drugs, the authors describe the case. The patient was treated using the insertion of a prolene graft and remodelling the abdominal wall in correspondence with the lower quadrants using abdominoplasty without repositioning the umbilicus.

[Surgical treatment of rhinophyma using dermo-epidermal graft. A case report].

Rhinophyma is a nosographical form that has always attracted attention, even among non-experts, owing to the marked aesthetic damage it often causes. Several types of surgery have been proposed for its treatment in an attempt to elaborate a technique that is easy to apply and guarantees satisfactory results in clinical and aesthetic terms. After a short review of the general aspects of the pathology, the authors illustrate the case of a patient with rhinophyma treated with a full thickness dermo-epidermic graft, and emphasise that this surgical solution, provided that the indications are correct, is still a valid alternative.