Self-isolation of adolescents after Covid-19 pandemic between social withdrawal and Hikikomori risk in Italy.

Social withdrawal is a widespread phenomenon among adolescents, presenting significant challenges in understanding its aetiology and dynamics. This study, drawing on data from two cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2019 and 2022 on students in public upper secondary schools, investigates the trend of self-isolation among Italian adolescents before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The two nationally representative samples comprise 3273 and 4288 participants, respectively, with 46.

An Intraoperative Ultrasound Evaluation of Axillary Lymph Nodes: Cassandra Predictive Models in Patients with Breast Cancer-A Multicentric Study.

Axillary lymph node (ALN) staging is crucial for the management of invasive breast cancer (BC). Although various radiological investigations are available, ultrasound (US) is the preferred tool for evaluating ALNs. Despite its immediacy, widespread use, and good predictive value, US is limited by intra- and inter-operator variability.

Role of nutritional therapy on dietary habits and glycemic control in insulin-treated kidney transplant patients with diabetes.

Aims: To evaluate the effect of nutritional therapy on glycemic compensation and key cardio-renal risk markers in patients with diabetes and kidney transplant, on insulin treatment by Multiple Daily Injection (MDI) or Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII).

Methods: 34 patients with diabetes on insulin treatment and kidney transplant recipients were enrolled;12 participated in the structured nutritional program (intervention group), 22 patients (control group) did not receive nutritional protocol. Both groups were then divided into subgroups according to the method of insulin administration (MDI and CSII).

Two-meshes approach in posterior component separation with transversus abdominis release: the IMPACT study (Italian Multicentric Posterior-separation Abdominal Complex hernia Transversus-release).

Background: Surgical management of large ventral hernias (VH) has remained a challenge. Various techniques like anterior component separation and posterior component separation (PCS) with transversus abdominis release (TAR) have been employed. Despite the initial success, the long-term efficacy of TAR is not yet comprehensively studied.

Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers (NLR, LMR, PLR) in the Prognostication of Malignancy in Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules.

Indeterminate follicular thyroid lesions (Thyr 3A and 3B) account for 10% to 30% of all cytopathologic diagnoses, and their unpredictable behavior represents a hard clinical challenge. The possibility to preoperatively predict malignancy is largely advocated to establish a tailored surgery, preventing diagnostic thyroidectomy. We analyzed the role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) as prognostic factors of malignancy for indeterminate thyroid nodules.

Are We Still a Sexist Society? Primary Socialisation and Adherence to Gender Roles in Childhood.

Background: The internalisation of gender stereotypes has long-term impacts on the aspirations, opportunities and psychosocial well-being of people. The main objective of this study is to measure the adherence to gender roles among children, analysing the link between their roles' internalisation, the family context and the socioeconomic environment.

Method: During the Spring 2021, a survey was carried in Rome on children aged 8-11 through a structured questionnaire.

The Impact of Socialisation on Children's Prosocial Behaviour. A Study on Primary School Students.

Background: Studying prosociality in children is a complex but relevant issue related to the qualitative development of human interactions. The main objective of the present study is to identify the psychosocial factors that most promote or inhibit the adoption of prosocial behaviours among children.

Method: In Spring 2021, a survey was conducted amongst primary school children through a structured paper questionnaire.

Epidemiological Surveillance of Eye Disease and People Awareness in the Abruzzo Region, Italy.

: Vision impairments and related blindness are major public health problems. The prevalence of eye disease and barriers to optimal care markedly vary among different geographic areas. In the Abruzzo region (central Italy), an epidemiological surveillance on the state of ocular health in the population aged over 50 years was performed in 2019.

Effectiveness on major cardiovascular risk factors of an educational program to promote a Mediterranean type of diet among the employees of the company FCA Italia S.p.A.

Aims: The educational program implemented at the Pratola Serra (Avellino, Italy) facility of the company FCA (Fiat Chrysler Automobiles), had as its goal to raise awareness among people to adopt behaviors inspired by the principles of a Mediterranean diet, physical activity and prevention of the main cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: The educational program was implemented in two different ways in order to compare, according to an intervention-control scheme, the performance of the subgroups and the effect of the types of intervention. On both groups measurements of the vital parameters were carried out and compared by means of statistical probabilistic tests.

Bullying and Cyberbullying among Italian Adolescents: The Influence of Psychosocial Factors on Violent Behaviours.

Background: The study of adolescents' behaviours and attitudes is crucial to define interventions for the containment of deviance and social discomfort. New ways of social interaction are crystallising violent behaviours which are moving more than ever on a virtual sphere. Bullying and cyberbullying share a common behavioural matrix that has been outlined through specific environmental and individual characteristics.

Comparing the influence of gender stereotypes on well-being in Italy and Turkey during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Objective: The hypothesis that gender stereotypes influence human behaviour and relational well-being is widely accepted in the literature. However, a comparison based on scientific assumptions is necessary to deeply understand the mechanisms activated by stereotypes in conditions of stress. The global health emergency from COVID-19 offers the opportunity to compare countries with different socio-cultural conditions, whose population has been subjected to the same stressful event during the lockdown phase.

Adaptive behavioural coping strategies as reaction to COVID-19 social distancing in Italy.

Objective: Social distancing, as experienced by the Italian population during the COVID-19 outbreak, generated the long-term activation of stress-response in individuals. This has been a crucial opportunity to study the coping strategies that people put in place to adapt their lives and habits to such a unique condition. For this reason, we have investigated both emotion-focused and problem-oriented coping strategies among the Italian population by relating them to other structural factors, such as social, economic and cultural conditions.

A nation-wide survey on emotional and psychological impacts of COVID-19 social distancing.

Objective: Social distancing is crucial in order to flatten the curve of COVID-19 virus spreading. Isolation, scarcity of resources and the lack of social contacts may have produced a negative impact on people's emotions and psychological well-being. This study aims to explore the reasons and the ways through which social distancing generates negative emotions in individuals who experienced the lockdown.

The geography of adult mortality: results from the fuzzy clumping method.

"This study analyses provincial differences in adult mortality (separately for men and women, aged 30-64 years) in Italy between 1984 [and] 1987...