Validation of ACR TI-RADS performance in transition age: results from a multicenter retrospective study by the TALENT study group.

Purpose: Although thyroid nodules are less common in the pediatric population, the risk of malignancy is higher than in adult patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ultrasonographic predictive factors of malignancy in thyroid nodules and to validate American College of Radiologists (ACR) TI-RADS performance in transition age patients.

Methods: One hundred forty-two patients aged between 14 and 21 years referred to the participating centers for FNA biopsy of a thyroid nodule between 2007 and 2022 were included and ultrasound reports and sonographic images were retrospectively analyzed.

Clinical outcomes and survival rates of a uncemented modular revision stem system in hip arthroplasty: a 10-year single-institution study on a frail population.

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of primary hip arthroplasty has led to a parallel rise in revision cases. Femoral revision often entails compromised bone integrity, requiring consideration of various solutions for optimal reconstructive options. Despite technological advancements, there is limited evidence on the clinical outcomes of the latest modular revision stems.

Iridium-Catalyzed C-H Borylations: Regioselective Functionalizations of Calix[4]arene Macrocycles.

We report iridium-catalyzed C-H borylations for the regioselective synthesis of distally disubstituted calix[4]arene macrocycles. The atom- and step-economical method led to a broad family of calix[4]arenes in good yields and functional group tolerance. The synthetic utility of the C-H borylation protocol was finally illustrated with several late-stage modifications for the synthesis of elaborate calix[4]arenes frameworks, otherwise challenging to achieve with commonly employed procedures.

Iron-Catalyzed C-H Alkylation/Ring Opening with Vinylbenzofurans Enabled by Triazoles.

We report an unprecedented iron-catalyzed C-H annulation using readily available 2-vinylbenzofurans as the reaction pattern. The redox-neutral strategy, based on cheap, non-toxic, and earth-abundant iron catalysts, exploits triazole assistance to promote a cascade C-H alkylation, benzofuran ring-opening and insertion into a Fe-N bond, to form highly functionalized isoquinolones. Detailed mechanistic studies supported by DFT calculations fully disclosed the manifold of the iron catalysis.

Mid-Term Outcomes of a Short Modular Neck-Preserving Cementless Hip Stem: A Retrospective Study With a 6-Year Minimum Follow-Up.

Background: The neck-preserving cementless short stem represents a valid therapeutic option for total hip replacement in high-functional-demand patients, but few studies are available about the use of modularity in the last-generation short stem. The aim of the study was to evaluate the mid-term survival of a specific implant design that combines partial collum short hip stem with neck modularity; assessing the functional status was the second endpoint.

Methods: A retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted on 75 patients aged 35 to 80 years, with a minimum 6-year follow-up.

A retrospective study exploring parents' perceptions of their child's assessment.

The current study investigates parents' perceptions of their child's assessment, focusing on their responses to the Italian version of the Parents' Experience of Assessment Scale (QUEVA-G). Twenty parents, who voluntarily agreed to be contacted after completing the questionnaire, participated in qualitative interviews to gain deeper insights into their assessment experiences. A thematic analysis was conducted on the interview transcriptions, highlighting three primary domains of parental experience: (1) parental perceptions of the assessment process; (2) effects of the assessment; and (3) parental perceptions of their relationship with their children's teachers.

Modern Organometallic C-H Functionalizations with Earth-Abundant Iron Catalysts: An Update.

Iron-catalyzed C-H activation has recently emerged as an increasingly powerful synthetic method for the step- and atom- economical direct C-H functionalizations of otherwise inert C-H bonds. Iron's low-cost and toxicity along with its catalytic versatility have encouraged the scientific community to elect this metal for the development of new C-H activation methodologies. Within this review, we aim to present a collection of the most recent examples of iron-catalyzed C-H functionalizations with a particular emphasis on modern synthetic strategies and mechanistic aspects.

Gold(I)-catalysed hydroarylations of alkynes for the synthesis of inherently chiral calix[4]arenes.

We describe the first gold(I)-catalysed intramolecular hydroarylation of alkynes for the straightforward synthesis of inherently chiral calix[4]arenes. This step- and atom-economical approach, which exploits a formal -functionalisation of the calix[4]arene macrocycle, is able to deliver an ample family of N-heterocyclic, chiral compounds in high yields and functional group tolerance.

Selective enhancement of organic dye properties through encapsulation in rotaxane orientational isomers.

We report the synthesis and characterisation of [2]rotaxanes based on a stilbazolium dye and a calix[6]arene macrocycle. Since both components are non-symmetric, two orientational isomers are obtained. The two isomers display distinct photophysical and photochemical properties in solution and solid state, superior to the unencapsulated dye.

A Multiresponsive Calix[6]arene Pseudorotaxane Empowered by Fluorophoric Dansyl Groups.

We report the synthesis and characterization, by means of NMR and UV-visible spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques, of a dansyl calix[6]arene derivative and of its pseudorotaxane complex with a bipyridinium-based axle. This novel macrocycle shows remarkable complexation ability, in analogy with parent compounds, while the dansyl moieties impart valuable features to the system. Indeed, these units: i) signal the state of the system by fluorescence; ii) can be reversibly protonated, enabling the modulation of the complexation abilities of the macrocycle; iii) participate in photoinduced electron transfer processes, which may be exploited to tune the stability of the supramolecular complex.

Antibiotic-Loaded Coatings to Reduce Fracture-Related Infections: Retrospective Case Series of Patients with Increased Infectious Risk.

Local antibiotic delivery strategies have been increasingly employed for the prevention of fracture-related infections (FRIs). The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antibiotic-coated implants in the prevention of FRIs after surgical treatment in patients with increased infectious risk. A retrospective observational study has been conducted on patients with upper and lower limb fractures treated with internal fixation or prosthetic replacements, using a gentamicin coated nail (CN) and/or antibiotic-loaded hydrogel applied to the implant of choice (ALH).

Calix[6]arene-Based [3]Rotaxanes as Prototypes for the Template Synthesis of Molecular Capsules.

In this work, the ability of several bis-viologen axles to thread a series of heteroditopic tris(N-phenylureido)calix[6]arene wheels to give interwoven supramolecular complexes to the [3]pseudorotaxane type was studied. The unidirectionality of the threading process inside these nonsymmetric wheels allows the formation of highly preorganised [3]pseudorotaxane and [3]rotaxane species in which the macrocycles phenylureido moieties, functionalised with either ester, carboxylic, or hydroxymethyl groups, are facing each other. As verified by NMR and semiempirical computational studies, these latter compounds possess the correct spatial arrangement of their subcomponents, which could lead, in principle, upon proper bridging reaction, to the realisation of upper-to-upper molecular capsules that are based on calix[6]arene derivatives.

Triazole-enabled, iron-catalysed linear/branched selective C-H alkylations with alkenes.

Iron-catalysed C-H alkylations with alkenes were achieved on benzamides by -triazole assistance. A notable switch of the regioselectivity from linear to branched was observed depending on the nature of the olefin employed. The approach allowed for the synthesis of a family of decorated benzamides with ample scope and high levels of chemo-, regio- and site-selectivity.

Pregnancy and Prenatal Management of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive diseases that may cause cortisol insufficiency together with other hormonal alterations. The most common form is 21-hydroxylase deficiency, in which the lack of pituitary negative feedback causes an increase in ACTH and adrenal androgens. Classical forms of CAHs can lead to severe adrenal failure and female virilization.

Diametric calix[6]arene gold(I) catalysts for intramolecular cyclopropanations of 1,6-dienynes.

We report a solid-state structural investigation of diametric calix[6]arene-based phosphine gold(I) cavitands which are characterised by two specific, different 1,2,3-alternate conformations in solution and in the solid state. The effect of the specific orientation of phosphines, with respect to macrocycles, was studied in intramolecular cyclopropanation of 1,6-dienynes. The general applicability of these catalysts was disclosed, delivering a family of polycycles with high yields and functional group tolerance.

Genetic Basis of ACTH-Secreting Adenomas.

Cushing's disease represents 60-70% of all cases of Cushing's syndrome, presenting with a constellation of clinical features associated with sustained hypercortisolism. Molecular alterations in corticotrope cells lead to the formation of ACTH-secreting adenomas, with subsequent excessive production of endogenous glucocorticoids. In the last few years, many authors have contributed to analyzing the etiopathogenesis and pathophysiology of corticotrope adenomas, which still need to be fully clarified.

Antimicrobial potential of culturable actinobacteria isolated from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Bivalvia, Ostreidae).

Aims: Explore the diversity of culturable actinobacteria isolated from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas with special emphasis on their antimicrobial activity.

Methods And Results: For the characterization of the isolated actinobacteria, a polyphasic approach was adopted and thereby phenotypic descriptions, phylogenetic analysis, evaluations of antimicrobial activities and chemical analyses of crude extracts through HPLC and LC-HRESIMS were performed. Five strains were isolated from C.

Diametric calix[6]arene-based phosphine gold(I) cavitands.

We report the synthesis and characterization, in low polarity solvents, of a novel class of diametric phosphine gold(I) cavitands characterized by a geometry. Preliminary catalytic studies were performed on a model cycloisomerization of 1,6-enynes as a function of the relative orientation of the bonded gold(I) nuclei with respect to the macrocyclic cavity.

A Simple Method for the Isolation and Expansion of Highly Pure Mouse and Human Satellite Cells.

Satellite cells (SCs) are muscle stem cells capable of regenerating injured muscle. The study of their functional potential depends on the availability of methods for the isolation and expansion of pure SCs, which retain myogenic properties after serial passages . Here, we describe a protocol for the isolation and expansion of highly pure mouse and human SCs based on ice-cold treatment (ICT).

Is Aromaticity a Driving Force in Catalytic Cycles? A Case from the Cycloisomerization of Enynes Catalyzed by All-Metal Aromatic Pd Clusters and Carboxylic Acids.

The work details a mechanistic study based on density functional theory modeling on the cycloisomerization of polyunsaturated substrates catalyzed by all-metal aromatic tripalladium complexes and carboxylic acids. These clusters are an emerging class of catalysts for a variety of relevant transformations, including C-C forming processes that occur under mild conditions and display synthetic features complementary to those of established mononuclear complexes. This study is the first computational one devoted to the comprehension of the series of elementary steps involved in a synthetic transformation catalyzed by an all-metal aromatic complex.

Candida parapsilosis osteomyelitis following dog bite: a case report and review of the literature.

Candida osteomyelitis is uncommon, especially after dog bites. We describe a case of a 63-year-old man without significant comorbidities presenting progressing swelling of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIJ) of right index finger following a dog bite. Despite empiric antibiotic therapy and local medications, there were no clinical signs of improvement.

Inter/Intramolecular Cascade of 1,6-Enynes Catalyzed by All-Metal Aromatic Tripalladium Complexes and Carboxylic Acids.

Trinuclear all-metal aromatic clusters are an original class of molecules with a cyclic and planar metal core. Characterized by peculiar metal-metal delocalized bonds, they represent a new frontier in transition-metal catalysis. We report a study on C-C-forming reactions of polyunsaturated substrates catalyzed by trinuclear all-metal aromatic palladium clusters.