Using ChatGPT in the Development of Clinical Reasoning Cases: A Qualitative Study.

Background There has been an explosion of commentary and discussion about the ethics and utility of using artificial intelligence in medicine, and its practical use in medical education is still being debated. Through qualitative research methods, this study aims to highlight the advantages and pitfalls of using ChatGPT in the development of clinical reasoning cases for medical student education. Methods Five highly experienced faculty in medical education were provided instructions to create unique clinical reasoning cases for three different chief concerns using ChatGPT 3.

Evaluating Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Polymerase Chain Reaction Nasal Screening as a Tool for Antimicrobial Stewardship.

Introduction: Initiation of broad-spectrum empiric antibiotics is common when infection is suspected in hospitalized adults. The benefits of early utilization of effective antibiotics are well documented. However, the negative effects of inappropriate antibiotic use have led to antimicrobial stewardship mandates.

Global Contributors to Antibiotic Resistance.

Introduction: Antibiotic-resistant infections have become increasingly prevalent nowadays. As a result, it is essential to examine the key socioeconomic and political factors which contribute to the rise in the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in developing and developed nations. This study aims to identify the various contributors to the development of antibiotic resistance in each type of nation.

Case Report: Imported Case of Lassa Fever - New Jersey, May 2015.

We report a fatal case of Lassa fever diagnosed in the United States in a Liberian traveler. We describe infection control protocols and public health response. One contact at high risk became symptomatic, but her samples tested negative for Lassa virus; no secondary cases occurred among health care, family, and community contacts.

Missed Testing Opportunities for HIV Screening and Early Diagnosis in an Urban Tertiary Care Center.

Newark, New Jersey, is disproportionally affected by HIV with one of the highest prevalence rates in the United States. Rutgers New Jersey Medical School is a major healthcare provider to Newark's underserved population and has implemented a HIV testing program that can diagnose and link newly diagnosed individuals to care. We conducted a retrospective chart review of all new patients seen in the Infectious Disease Practice from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2014, to determine the proportion of patients with a missed testing opportunity (MTO) (patients with a new HIV diagnosis with an encounter at the institution in the 1 year prior to their first appointment).

Adolescent HIV viral load in an urban hospital in Newark, New Jersey.

Background And Objectives: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in adolescents is a growing concern. Amid psychosocial challenges, adolescents must successfully transition into adult-centered care; however, little is known about outcome measurements within this period. We assessed the trend in adolescent HIV viral loads (VLs) in a community with a high HIV prevalence, allowing physicians to better recognize the challenges of transitioning adolescents with HIV to adult care.

Teaching Clinical Reasoning to Medical Students: A Case-Based Illness Script Worksheet Approach.

Introduction: Clinical reasoning is a fundamental part of a physician's daily workflow. Yet it remains a challenging skill to develop formally, especially in preclerkship-level early learners. Traditionally, medical students learn clinical reasoning informally through experiential opportunities during their clerkship years.

Identifying Areas for Improvement in the HIV Screening Process of a High-Prevalence Emergency Department.

Since 1993, the Centers for Disease Control recommendations for HIV testing were extended to include persons obtaining care in the emergency department (ED). Situated in Newark, New Jersey, the University Hospital (UH) ED serves a community with a greater than 2% HIV prevalence, and a recent study showed a UH ED HIV seroprevalence of 6.5%, of which 33% were unknown diagnoses.

Impact of Stewardship Interventions on Antiretroviral Medication Errors in an Urban Medical Center: A 3-Year, Multiphase Study.

Background: There is a high prevalence of HIV infection in Newark, New Jersey, with University Hospital admitting approximately 600 HIV-infected patients per year. Medication errors involving antiretroviral therapy (ART) could significantly affect treatment outcomes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various stewardship interventions in reducing the prevalence of prescribing errors involving ART.

Medication errors with antituberculosis therapy in an inpatient, academic setting: forgotten but not gone.

What Is Known And Objective: Tuberculosis, an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has significant public health implications. Despite the decreasing prevalence of tuberculosis cases and the availability of well-established treatment guidelines, errors with antituberculosis medications remain a concern as clinician experience with the infection has waned and the goal of eradicating tuberculosis has remained unfulfilled. Whereas inappropriate use of other anti-infective classes has been extensively studied, the evaluation of medication errors associated with antituberculosis therapy has been limited to a small number of studies conducted more than two decades ago.

Teaching billing and coding to medical students: a pilot study.

Complex billing practices cost the US healthcare system billions of dollars annually. Coding for outpatient office visits [known as Evaluation & Management (E&M) services] is commonly particularly fraught with errors. The best way to insure proper billing and coding by practicing physicians is to teach this as part of the medical school curriculum.

Mycobacterium marinum Hand Infection in a "Sushi Chef".

Objective: We present the case of a sushi chef with pain and swelling of his index finger and wrist for a year, unresponsive to antibiotics.

Methods: Biopsy showed a xanthogranulomatous reaction and positive culture results for Mycobacterium marinum.

Results: He was treated with minocycline, clarithromycin, and ethambutol.

The prevalence and virulence characteristics of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli at an urgent-care clinic in the USA: a case-control study.

This case-control study examined the prevalence of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), its genes and elicited inflammatory response, and the stool characteristics of adult patients with and without acute diarrhoeal illness presenting to an urgent-care clinic in the USA. A total of 1004 individual stool specimens (253 from patients with acute diarrhoeal illness and 751 from patients without diarrhoeal illness) were collected between 1 June 2003 and 30 June 2008. EAEC was identified as the sole cause of acute diarrhoeal illness in 6 % (n=15) of patients and in 2 % (n=15) without diarrhoeal illness.