Evaluation of UV-A and UV-B transmission through the windows of gas, hybrid, and electric vehicles.

UV-A exposure is a major risk factor for melanoma, nonmelanoma skin cancer, photoaging, and exacerbation of photodermatoses. Since people spend considerable time in cars daily, inadequate UV-A attenuation by car windows can significantly contribute to the onset or exacerbation of these skin diseases. Given recent market trends in the automobile industry and known impact of car windows on cumulative lifelong UV damage to the skin, there is a need to comparatively evaluate UV transmission across windows in electric vehicles (EV), hybrid vehicles (HV), and gas vehicles (GV) as well as variability based on year of manufacture and mileage to inform car manufacturers and consumers of the potential for UV exposure to the skin based on vehicle.

Overview on Hereditary Spherocytosis Diagnosis.

Introduction: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a congenital haemolytic disorder, resulting from plasma membrane protein deficiency of red blood cells (RBCs). Typical pathological signs are anemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly; in newborns, jaundice is the main symptom.

Material And Methods: This study focused on the state of art about the HS diagnosis, from traditional to innovative methods, including diagnostic algorithms that can be applied for pediatric and adult patients, for different laboratory diagnostic levels.

Ultrasound assessment of Achilles enthesitis: a dedicated training program.

Objective: To describe an intensive and multimodal ultrasound (US) training program focused on Achilles enthesitis and to illustrate the learning curve of trainees without experience.

Methods: Three medical students (trainees) and two rheumatologists experienced in musculoskeletal US (trainers) were involved in the training program, which encompassed one preliminary theoretical-practical meeting and five scanning sessions (two patients per session). The students and one expert performed the US examination of the Achilles enthesis bilaterally.

The participatory value-sensitive design (VSD) of a mHealth app targeting citizens with dementia in a Danish municipality.

The (together for dementia), a citizen science project developing and implementing an AI-based smartphone app targeting citizens with dementia, is presented as an illustrative case of ethical, applied AI entailing interdisciplinary collaborations and inclusive and participative scientific practices engaging citizens, end users, and potential recipients of technological-digital innovation. Accordingly, the participatory Value-Sensitive Design of the smartphone app (a tracking device) is explored and explained across all of its phases (conceptual, empirical, and technical). Namely, from value construction and value elicitation to the delivery, after various iterations engaging both expert and non-expert stakeholders, of an embodied prototype built on and tailored to their values.

Chalcone Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents: An Updated Overview.

Background: The indiscriminate use of antibiotics brings an alarming reality: in 2050, bacterial resistance could be the main cause of death in the world, resulting in the death of 10 million people, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In this sense, to combat bacterial resistance, several natural substances, including chalcones, have been described in relation to antibacterial, representing a potential tool for the discovery of new antibacterial drugs.

Objective: The objective of this study is to perform a bibliographic survey and discuss the main contributions in the literature about the antibacterial potential of chalcones in the last 5 years.

Pyrazolines as potential anti-Alzheimer's agents: DFT, molecular docking, enzyme inhibition and pharmacokinetic studies.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized as the main dementia in the elderly. Eighteen pyrazolines were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory effects against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) . Possible interactions between pyrazolines and the enzyme were explored by experiments.

Genome-Wide Classification and Phylogenetic Analyses of the GDSL-Type Esterase/Lipase (GELP) Family in Flowering Plants.

GDSL-type esterase/lipase (GELP) enzymes have key functions in plants, such as developmental processes, anther and pollen development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Genes that encode GELP belong to a complex and large gene family, ranging from tens to more than hundreds of members per plant species. To facilitate functional transfer between them, we conducted a genome-wide classification of GELP in 46 plant species.

Monomethylsulochrin isolated from biomass extract of sp. against : biological evaluation and molecular docking.

Leishmaniasis represents a serious world health problem, with 1 billion people being exposed to infection and a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations with a potentially fatal outcome. Based on the limitations observed in the treatment of leishmaniasis, such as high cost, significant adverse effects, and the potential for drug resistance, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the leishmanicidal activity of the compounds pseurotin A and monomethylsulochrin isolated from the biomass extract of sp. The chromatographic profiles of the extract were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode-array UV-Vis detector (HPLC-DAD-UV), and the molecular identification of the pseurotin A and monomethylsulochrin were carried out by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in tandem (LC-ESI-MS-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

Synthesis and investigation of the trypanocidal potential of novel 1,2,3-triazole-selenide hybrids.

Chagas Disease is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and is considered a tropical neglected disease by the World Health Organization (WHO). The main drugs used in the therapy of the disease are obsolete and, as a result, it still kills millions of people every year. Therefore, the development of new drugs is urgent, as is the research reported in this article, in which new triazole selenides were synthesized through a simple methodology and to evaluate their potential against T.

Draft Genome Sequence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Tropical Race 4 from Peru, Obtained by Nanopore and Illumina Hybrid Assembly.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) is the causal agent of Fusarium wilt, a major threat to the banana industry worldwide.

DYRK1A Inhibitors and Perspectives for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease and the most common form of dementia, especially in the elderly. Due to the increase in life expectancy, in recent years, there has been an excessive growth in the number of people affected by this disease, causing serious problems for health systems. In recent years, research has been intensified to find new therapeutic approaches that prevent the progression of the disease.

Witches, potions, and metabolites: an overview from a medicinal perspective.

Witches were popularly imagined as older women (above middle age), with large warty noses, whose clothes were shabby and used pointy hats. They are usually associated with a cauldron and the presence of a black cat that accompany them in this imagery projection. The fact is that, historically, many women have suffered countless physical and emotional acts of violence, for which different analysis can be made from the perspective of the Human Sciences.

Genome-wide and comparative phylogenetic analysis of senescence-associated NAC transcription factors in sunflower (Helianthus annuus).

Background: Leaf senescence delay impacts positively in grain yield by maintaining the photosynthetic area during the reproductive stage and during grain filling. Therefore a comprehensive understanding of the gene families associated with leaf senescence is essential. NAC transcription factors (TF) form a large plant-specific gene family involved in regulating development, senescence, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.

Carajurin: a anthocyanidin from Arrabidaea chica as a potential biological marker of antileishmanial activity.

Leishmaniasis is a group of neglected tropical diseases whose treatment with antimonials bears limitations and has changed little in over 80 years. Medicinal plants have been evaluated as a therapeutic alternative for leishmaniasis. Arrabidaea chica is popularly used as a wound healing and antiparasitic agent, especially as leishmanicidal agent.

From iPS Cells to Rodents and Nonhuman Primates: Filling Gaps in Modeling Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily known as a movement disorder because of typical clinical manifestations associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. However, it is now widely recognized that PD is a much more complex condition, with multiple and severe nonmotor features implicating additional brain areas and organs in the disease process. Pathologically, typical forms of PD are characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein-rich protein inclusions known as Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, although other types of protein inclusions are also often present in the brain.

Refining Value Sensitive Design: A (Capability-Based) Procedural Ethics Approach to Technological Design for Well-Being.

Fundamental questions in value sensitive design include whether and how high-tech products/artefacts could embody values and ethical ideals, and how plural and incommensurable values of ethical and social importance could be chosen rationally and objectively at a collective level. By using a humanitarian cargo drone study as a starting point, this paper tackles the challenges that VSD's lack of commitment to a specific ethical theory generates in practical applications. Besides, it highlights how mainstream ethical approaches usually related to VSD are incapable of solving main ethical dilemmas raised by technological design for well-being in democratic settings.

Unravelling the complex story of intergenomic recombination in ABB allotriploid bananas.

Background And Aims: Bananas (Musa spp.) are a major staple food for hundreds of millions of people in developing countries. The cultivated varieties are seedless and parthenocarpic clones of which the ancestral origin remains to be clarified.

No metagenomic evidence of tumorigenic viruses in cancers from a selected cohort of immunosuppressed subjects.

The possible existence of yet undiscovered human tumorigenic viruses is still under scrutiny. The development of large-scale sequencing technologies, coupled with bioinformatics techniques for the characterization of metagenomic sequences, have provided an invaluable tool for the detection of unknown, infectious, tumorigenic agents, as demonstrated by several recent studies. However, discoveries of novel viruses possibly associated with tumorigenesis are scarce at best.

Transcriptomic analysis of resistant and susceptible banana corms in response to infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4.

Fusarium wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, especially by tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), is threatening the global banana industry.

Effect of paleopolyploidy and allopolyploidy on gene expression in banana.

Background: Bananas (Musa spp.) are an important crop worldwide. Most modern cultivars resulted from a complex polyploidization history that comprised three whole genome duplications (WGDs) shaping the haploid Musa genome, followed by inter- and intra-specific crosses between Musa acuminata and M.