Characteristics in the whole-genome sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147 from Turkey.

The study aimed to analyze antibiotic resistance determinants in a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). K. pneumoniae was isolated from a urine sample and it was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing in Turkey.

β-lactamase genes in carbapenem resistance Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a Turkish university hospital.

Introduction: The spread of Acinetobacter baumannii, resistant to most of the available antimicrobial agents, is a serious health problem. The high rate of carbapenem resistance among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates is considered as a threat to public health. In this study, we aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance and related genes in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates.

Effect of mazEF, higBA and relBE toxin-antitoxin systems on antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus isolates.

Background: A toxin-antitoxin (TA) system is a set of two or more closely linked genes that are encoded as a poison and a corresponding antidote on a protein. In typical bacterial physiology, an antitoxin binds to a toxin and neutralizes it, which prevents the bacterium from killing itself. We aimed to determine whether and isolates have TA genes and to investigate whether there is a relationship between the expression levels of TA genes and resistance to antibiotics.

Investigation of common chemical components and inhibitory effect on GES-type β-lactamase (GES22) in methanolic extracts of Algerian seaweeds.

This study aimed to investigate the total phenolic content (TPC), the identification of the common compounds by HPLC-ESI-MS and HPLC-ESI-MS-TOF and the inhibitory effects against class A-type β-lactamase (GES-22 variant, produced recombinantly) in methanolic extracts (MEs) of four Algerian seaweeds [Ulva intestinalis, Codium tomentosum, Dictyota dichotoma and Halopteris scoparia]. The TPC varied among the four species, ranging between 0.93 ± 0.

High prevalence of NDM metallo-β-lactamase among ESBL-producing Escherichia coli İsolates.

Resistance to β-lactams in Enterobacteriaceae has been increasing worldwide. This study aimed to determine the frequency of β-lactamase genes and antibiotic resistance rates of 140 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates obtained from urinary tract infection in Ordu Province, Turkey. Isolates were identified by classic methods and by automated system.

Evaluation of the Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Detection of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria in Comparison with the RAPIDEC CARBA NP.

Timely detection of carbapenemases by both phenotypic and genotypic methods is essential for developing strategies to control the spread of infections by carbapenem-resistant isolates and related morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of a commercial kit, the RAPIDEC CARBA NP, and an in-house technique, the carbapenem inactivation method (CIM), against a panel of 136 carbapenemase- and noncarbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. RAPIDEC CARBA NP displayed 99% sensitivity and 100% specificity, whereas the sensitivity and specificity were 78% and 100% for the CIM test, respectively.

PaCaHa inhibits proliferation of human cancer cells in vitro.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of a newly synthesized molecule named paracetamol acetohydroxamic acid (PaCaHa) on human neoplastic cell lines.

Materials And Methods: A549, CRL 2923, HeLa, and ARPE were treated with various concentrations of PaCaHa and DMSO (vehicle control). The cytotoxic/cytostatic effects of PaCaHa were determined after a 24-h incubation period and compared to the DMSO control.

Chilo iridescent virus (CIV) ORF 012L encodes a protein with both exonuclease and endonuclease functions.

Chilo iridescent virus (CIV) is the type member of the genus Iridovirus within the family Iridoviridae. The virions of CIV contain a single linear dsDNA molecule that is circularly permuted and terminally redundant. The genome of CIV contains an open reading frame (ORF 012L) encoding a protein homologous to exonuclease II of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

[Characterization of class 1 and class 2 integron gene cassettes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from urine cultures: a multicenter study].

Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen isolated from both nosocomial and community acquired urinary tract infections. Although there are many studies from different centers concerning the antibiotic susceptibility of E.coli isolates in Turkey, the studies are quite few about class 1 and class 2 integron cassettes in clinical E.

Kinetic characterization of GES-22 β-lactamase harboring the M169L clinical mutation.

The class A β-lactamase GES-22 has been identified in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Turkey, and subsequently shown to differ from GES-11 by a single substitution (M169L). Because M169 is part of the omega loop, a structure that is known to have major effects on substrate selectivity in class A β-lactamases, we expressed, purified and kinetically characterized this novel variant. Our results show that compared with GES-11, GES-22 displays more efficient hydrolysis of penicillins, and aztreonam, but a loss of efficiency against ceftazidime.

Comparison of Verona Integron-Borne Metallo-β-Lactamase (VIM) Variants Reveals Differences in Stability and Inhibition Profiles.

Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are of increasing clinical significance; the development of clinically useful MBL inhibitors is challenged by the rapid evolution of variant MBLs. The Verona integron-borne metallo-β-lactamase (VIM) enzymes are among the most widely distributed MBLs, with >40 VIM variants having been reported. We report on the crystallographic analysis of VIM-5 and comparison of biochemical and biophysical properties of VIM-1, VIM-2, VIM-4, VIM-5, and VIM-38.

Distribution of β-lactamase genes among carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from patients in Turkey.

Background: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a serious problem to antibiotic management. We investigated the β-lactamases in a group of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae clinical isolates from Turkey.

Cloning, Purification and Characterization of Acetyl Xylane Esterase from Anoxybacillus flavithermus DSM 2641(T) with Activity on Low Molecular-Weight Acetates.

Family 4 carbohydrate esterases (CE-4) have deacetylate different forms of acetylated poly/oligosaccharides in nature. This family is recognized with a specific polysaccharide deacetylase domain assigned as NodB homology domain in their secondary structure. Most family 4 carbohydrate esterases have been structurally and biochemically characterized.

Molecular characterisation and control of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates resistant to multi-drugs emerging in inter-intensive care units.

Background: A nosocomial outbreak of Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) infections occurred among intensive care units (ICU) (surgery, medical, cardiovascular surgery, coronary unit) of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Medical School (Rize, Turkey) between January 2011 and May 2012. The identification of isolates and clonal relation among them were investigated by molecular techniques.

Methods: A total of 109 AB isolates were obtained from 64 clinical materials from 54 ICU patients and 3 from the hands of healthcare workers (HCWs) of 42 environmental samples.

[Investigation of integrons, sul1-2 and dfr genes in trimethoprim-sulfametoxazole-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains isolated from clinical samples].

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which is a non-fermentative gram-negative bacillus, has an increasing importance in nosocomial and opportunistic infections. Since it exhibits resistance to numerous broad-spectrum antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams and tetracyclines, it may considerably limit empirical treatment options. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) is recommended as the first-line therapy in the treatment of S.

Antimicrobial resistance patterns and integron carriage of Escherichia coli isolates causing community-acquired infections in Turkey.

We aimed to observe antimicrobial resistance patterns and integron carriage of Escherichia coli isolates causing community-acquired infections. Two hundred sixty-eight E. coli strains were obtained from outpatients with various infections at different polyclinics at the 82nd Year of State Hospital in Rize, Turkey.

[Carriage of class 1 and 2 integrons in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens and a novel gene cassette array: blaOXA-11-cmlA7].

The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes between bacteria leads to serious problems in the treatment of infectious diseases. It has been shown that resistance genes can also be carried by the integrons. There are limited studies regarding the carriage of class 1 and 2 integrons in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains in Turkey.

Characterization of novel VIM carbapenemase, VIM-38, and first detection of GES-5 carbapenem-hydrolyzing β-lactamases in Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Turkey.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were collected form a Turkish hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the Vitek 2 Compact system, and 24 isolates were categorized as multidrug resistant (n = 18), extensively-drug resistant (n = 5), or pan-drug resistant (n = 1). PCR and DNA sequence analysis revealed that 1 strain possessed the blaGES-5 and another carried a novel blaVIM variant, named VIM-38.

Determination of a novel integron-located variant (blaOXA -320 ) of Class D β-lactamase in Proteus mirabilis.

Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) is one of Gram-negative pathogens encountered in clinical specimens. A clinical isolate (TRP41) of P.

Detection of class 1 integron in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates collected from nine hospitals in Turkey.

Objective: To investigate the antibiotic resistance genes inserted into class 1 and class 2 integrons in Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) isolates obtained from nine different cities in Turkey.

Methods: A collection of 281 A.

Nationwide study of Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases TEM, SHV and CTX-M in Turkey.

Four hundred and forty extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates were collected from 10 different hospitals in Turkey between 2011 and 2012. Clinical specimens consisted of urine (80.45%), blood (6.

Prevalence of integrons and a new dfrA17 variant in Gram-negative bacilli which cause community-acquired infections.

A hundred and eleven Gram-negative bacilli from community-acquired infections were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, screened for class 1 and 2 integrons, and statistically evaluated for the association between antibiotic profile and the presence of integrons. The frequency with which integrons were harbored was 28.8%.

A new DNA polymerase I from Geobacillus caldoxylosilyticus TK4: cloning, characterization, and mutational analysis of two aromatic residues.

DNA polymerase I gene was cloned and sequenced from the thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus caldoxylosilyticus TK4. The gene is 2,634 bp long and encodes a protein of 878 amino acids in length. The enzyme has a molecular mass of 99 kDa and shows sequence homology with DNA polymerase I from Bacillus species (89% identity).