Phenotypic variations in knee osteoarthritis: insights from MRI and radiographic comparisons.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between MRI-based phenotypes (cartilage-meniscus, subchondral bone, and inflammatory) and radiography-based atrophic and hypertrophic phenotypes, aiming to demonstrate MRI's diagnostic capability in identifying complex osteoarthritis phenotypes that radiography cannot fully capture.

Materials And Methods: This single-center retrospective study examined knee radiographs and MRIs of patients from November 2021 to April 2023 to identify osteoarthritis phenotypes. Radiographs were staged by the Kellgren-Lawrence system, and both modalities were classified into atrophic or hypertrophic phenotypes.

Animated video reduces pain and anxiety during pin removal in children with supracondylar humerus fractures: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The aim of this study; is to determine the level of pain and anxiety experienced by pediatric patients with operated humeral supracondylar fractures during pin removal, and to investigate the effectiveness of animated video impressions.

Materials And Methods: This randomized controlled study included 180 patients aged between 4 and 12 years. The patients were divided into four groups: Group 1-control; Group 2-watched the introductory animation video before the procedure; Group 3-using analgesic before the procedure (ibuprofen 10 mg/kg); Group 4-watched the introductory animation video and used analgesic before the procedure.

Is headless screw a valid alternative for the fixation of Chevron olecranon osteotomy? A biomechanical comparison of 4 fixation methods.

Background: Chevron osteotomy is a popular technique for repairing complex distal humerus intra-articular fractures. However, refixation presents challenges like hardware prominence and soft tissue damage. Headless cannulated screws are gaining popularity for fixation due to better bone purchase and less irritation.

Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is an independent risk factor for the postoperative mortality in geriatric patients undergoing hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture? A prospective controlled study.

Introduction: Hip fracture is very common in advanced ages, and it is very likely that this condition is accompanied by nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on postoperative mortality in geriatric patients who underwent hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture.

Materials And Methods: Geriatric patients (aged ≥ 70 years) who underwent hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture were prospectively recruited.

The utility of standing knee radiographs for detection of lipohemarthrosis: comparison with supine horizontal beam radiographs.

Objectives: Lipohemarthrosis is a key finding in acute trauma patients and indicates an intra-articular fracture. The horizontal beam lateral radiography with supine position is known to be the best technique to demonstrate knee lipohemarthrosis. Our main purpose was to compare the sensitivity of supine and standing lateral knee radiographs to detect lipohemarthrosis.

Split Transfer of the Tibialis Anterior Tendon Combined With Calcaneocuboid Fusion vs Split Transfer of the Tibialis Anterior Tendon Alone to Treat Equinovarus Foot Deformity in Children With Cerebral Palsy.

Background: The study aimed to compare the outcomes of combined calcaneocuboid arthrodesis and split anterior tibialis tendon transfer (SPLATT) procedure to isolated SPLATT surgery for the treatment of the spastic equinovarus deformity in children with cerebral palsy (CCP).

Methods: Forty-one ambulatory CCP with 56 equinovarus feet, with positive flexor withdrawal reflex test results, were studied. The average age was 9.

Is immediate internal fixation safe in induced membrane technique?

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes of patients treated with induced membrane technique (IMT) for the reconstruction of bone defects and to identify factors associated with the success and failure of the modified technique.

Patients And Methods: Between January 2016 and April 2021, a total of 23 adult patients (20 males, 3 females; median age: 39.9 years; range, 20 to 69 years) who underwent bone reconstruction using the IMT for established pseudoarthrosis and acute bone loss were retrospectively analyzed.

Does pin configuration matter in modified tension band wiring for transverse patellar fracture? A biomechanical study.

Background: Modified tension band wiring has been widely used for the treatment of transverse patellar fractures. The optimal position of a Kirschner wire (K-wire) in modified tension band wiring, however, has not yet been determined. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate biomechanically the effect of K-wire position in a modified tension band wiring technique.

Analysis of the factors affecting pain level during K-wire removal among pediatric elbow fractures.

Our aim was, to analyze the reasons for possible increased pain during the removal of the Kirschner wires from the elbows of children. From February 2021 to December 2021, 573 patients with elbow fractures were treated. In total, 150 patients were analyzed prospectively.

Treatment of ankle varus deformity due to physeal bar formation: A case report.

Treatment of ankle deformities caused by the physeal bar after a fracture sequel is complicated. Each patient should be treated individually depending on of the severity of the deformity and bar location. We presented a case report of a successful treatment of an 11-year-old male patient with progressive varus deformity and bar formation due to trauma in the distal tibial physis.

Management of tibial non-unions with Masquelet technique after failed previous treatment options for Grade III open fractures.

Background: Non-union is a serious complication of open tibial fractures. This case series investigates the efficiency of the induced membrane technique in patients with tibial exposed non-union.

Methods: Eleven consecutive male patients with non-union after an open tibia fracture were enrolled into the study.

The relationship between patellar tilt and quadriceps patellar tendon angle with anatomical variations and pathologies of the knee joint.

Purpose: To investigate the association between the knee joint anatomical variations and pathologies, and to describe the quadriceps patellar tendon angle (QPA).

Methods: MRIs of 406 cases with a lateral patellar tilt angle (LPT)>5° and a control group of 40 cases with an LPT<5° were retrospectively evaluated. QPA, LPT, trochlear sulcus angle (TSA), tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance (TT-TG), Insall-Salvati index (ISI), patellar tendon length (PTL), patellar height (PH), lateral trochlear inclination (LTI), trochlear facet asymmetry ratio (TFA) and trochlear depth (TD) were measured.

Unusual Cause of Lateral Elbow Pain: A Case Report of Anconeus Muscle Contusion.

The anconeus muscle is a small and minor functioning muscle located at the posterolateral elbow region. It helps forearm extension and tightening of the joint capsule. Despite its limited functions, pathologies of the anconeus muscle can mimic other abnormalities of the elbow joint.

Optimum Screw Configuration for the Fixation of Sanders Type IIC Tongue-Type Fractures? .

Background: The minimally invasive technique (percutaneous screw fixation) is one of the options for treating tongue-type IIC fractures successfully. The aim of this study was to assess the biomechanics of four different screw configurations used for the fixation of tongue-type IIC calcaneal fractures.

Methods: Identical osteotomies, recapitulating a type IIC injury, were created in synthetic calcaneus specimens using a saw.

Is pin configuration the only factor causing loss of reduction in the management of pediatric type III supracondylar fractures?

Objective: Closed reduction with percutaneous pinning is the treatment of choice for displaced supracondylar humerus fractures in children. In addition to configuration of pin fixation, many factors have been attributed to loss of reduction (LOR). The aim of the present study was to review potential factors that contribute to loss of reduction in the closed management of type III pediatric supracondylar fractures.

How safe is the semi-sterile technique in the percutaneous pinning of supracondylar humerus fractures?

Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate safety and efficiency of the semi-sterile technique used in recent years in treatment of pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures (SHF).

Methods: Total of 712 patients who were treated for SHF via closed reduction and percutaneous fixation with semi-sterile technique were enrolled in present study. Patients were evaluated for postoperative infection and other complications.

Are the Appropriate Use Criteria for the management of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures useful in clinical practice?

The aim of this study was to evaluate our treatment modalities in pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures according to the recently published Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. A total of 991 patients with supracondylar humerus fractures were included. After reviewing medical records, 38 different clinical scenarios described in the AUC were observed.

Computed tomography evaluation of the iliac crest apophysis: age estimation in living individuals.

Determination of the ossification properties of the iliac apophysis is important not only in the clinical evaluation of patients undergoing orthopedic surgery but also in age estimation studies for forensic purposes. The literature includes both anthropological and radiological (conventional radiography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging modalities) investigations of the different staging systems used for these purposes. In this study, we assessed the utility of computed tomography (CT) of the iliac crest apophysis in estimating forensic age.

Forensic age estimation via 3-T magnetic resonance imaging of ossification of the proximal tibial and distal femoral epiphyses: Use of a T2-weighted fast spin-echo technique.

Radiation exposure during forensic age estimation is associated with ethical implications. It is important to prevent repetitive radiation exposure when conducting advanced ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of 3.

Effect of oxytocin administration on nerve recovery in the rat sciatic nerve damage model.

Background: Growth factors such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) have been shown to play a role in the healing process of nerve injury. Recent researches have also shown that oxytocin administration activates these growth factors of importance for the healing of nerve tissue. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of oxytocin on peripheral nerve regeneration in rats.

Debridement, antibiotics, irrigation, and retention (DAIR) of the prosthesis after hip hemiarthroplasty infections. Does it work?

Purpose: Debridement, antibiotic, and implant retention (DAIR) is an attractive treatment modality after hip hemiarthroplasty (HA) infections. Data about the success of the procedure after acute onset infections is lacking. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical outcome and associated risk factors.

Medial percutaneous hemi-epiphysiodesis improves the valgus tilt of the femoral head in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) type-II avascular necrosis.

Background And Purpose: Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a major cause of disability after treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), leading to femoral head deformity, acetabular dysplasia, and osteoarthritis in adult life. Type-II AVN is characterized by retarded growth in the lateral aspect of the physis or by premature lateral fusion, which produces a valgus deformity of the head on the neck of the femur. We investigated the effect of medial percutaneous hemi-epiphysiodesis as a novel technique in the treatment of late-diagnosed type-II AVN.