Automated Detection of Retinal Detachment Using Deep Learning-Based Segmentation on Ocular Ultrasonography Images.

Purpose: This study aims to develop an automated pipeline to detect retinal detachment from B-scan ocular ultrasonography (USG) images by using deep learning-based segmentation.

Methods: A computational pipeline consisting of an encoder-decoder segmentation network and a machine learning classifier was developed, trained, and validated using 279 B-scan ocular USG images from 204 patients, including 66 retinal detachment (RD) images, 36 posterior vitreous detachment images, and 177 healthy control images. Performance metrics, including the precision, recall, and F-scores, were calculated for both segmentation and RD detection.

A Hydrogel-Based Multiplex Coculture Platform for Retinal Component Cells.

There is growing interest in generating in vitro models of tissues and tissue-related diseases to mimic normal tissue organization and pathogenesis for different purposes. The retina is a highly complex multicellular tissue where the organization of the cellular components relative to each other is critical for retinal function. Many retinopathies arise due to the disruption of this order.

ANALYSIS OF HENLE FIBER LAYER AND OUTER RETINAL LAYERS IN CONE DYSTROPHY.

Purpose: To evaluate Henle fiber layer (HFL) thickness and volume parameters in patients with cone photoreceptor atrophy with directional optical coherence tomography.

Methods: Macular 20°×20° standard and directional optical coherence tomography images were acquired from patients diagnosed with hereditary cone dystrophy with evident foveal ellipsoid zone defect in optical coherence tomography and age-matched healthy controls. Thickness and volume parameters of HFL, outer nuclear layer (ONL), and retinal layers between ellipsoid zone and Bruch membrane complex (EZ-BM) were calculated from manual segmentation through directional optical coherence tomography images, and comparative analysis is performed.

Platelet Proteome Reveals Novel Targets for Hypercoagulation in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome.

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal extracellular matrix material in ocular and non-ocular tissues, including blood vessel walls. Clot-forming dysfunction might be responsible for venous thrombosis in PEX. We investigated global coagulation, the proteome, and functions of platelets in PEX patients and aimed to determine prognostic biomarkers for thrombosis risk in PEX.

NONEXUDATIVE INTRARETINAL FLUID IN INTERMEDIATE AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION.

Background: To describe the occurrence of nonexudative intraretinal fluid (IRF) in intermediate age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: A retrospective study was designed to include consecutive cases with intermediate age-related macular degeneration associated with IRF. A multimodal imaging approach was used to confirm diagnosis of IRF in intermediate age-related macular degeneration.

Case Report: Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Which Led to COVID-19 Infection Diagnosis.

We present a case of Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy (AMN), which led to the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) infection diagnosis. A 27-year-old female patient with flu-like symptoms later proven to be COVID-19 infection presented with acute-onset bilateral gray-like paracentral scotomas. Fundus examination showed a hypopigmented, wedge-like lesion on the superior temporal juxtafoveal area in the right eye, while no significant finding was found in the left eye.

Subretinal Pseudocysts: A Comprehensive Analysis of this Novel OCT Finding.

Introduction: In current clinical practice, several optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers have been proposed for the assessment of severity and prognosis of different retinal diseases. Subretinal pseudocysts are subretinal cystoid spaces with hyperreflective borders and only a few single cases have been reported thus far. The aim of the study was to characterize and investigate this novel OCT finding, exploring its clinical outcome.

FourierNet: Shape-Preserving Network for Henle's Fiber Layer Segmentation in Optical Coherence Tomography Images.

Henle's fiber layer (HFL), a retinal layer located in the outer retina between the outer nuclear and outer plexiform layers (ONL and OPL, respectively), is composed of uniformly linear photoreceptor axons and Müller cell processes. However, in the standard optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, this layer is usually included in the ONL since it is difficult to perceive HFL contours on OCT images. Due to its variable reflectivity under an imaging beam, delineating the HFL contours necessitates directional OCT, which requires additional imaging.

Peripapillary Choroidal Vasculature in Pediatric Eyes with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objectives: Choroidal vasculature change in children with diabetes mellitus is not investigated enough although it could reflect clinical outcome.

Methods: Pediatric Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and healthy controls were retrospectively evaluated. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of the right eyes were analyzed.

Laser flare photometry in uveitis.

Aqueous flare and cells are inflammatory parameters of anterior chamber inflammation resulting from disruption of the blood-ocular barrier. The ocular inflammation related to anterior chamber cells and flare is assessed by conventional clinical grading systems through using the slit-lamp examination. However, a more quantitative and objective assessment is needed for more precise and reproducible inflammatory assessment in uveitis.

Developing a Measure to Quantify Ocular Pain Postoperatively: The Adaptation of the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey.

Purpose: Since quantification and communication of ocular pain is important for a healthier patient follow-up and postoperative guidance, reliable measures like the Ophthalmic Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS) are needed to assess the outcome and management of different operations. To address that need, we carried out the adaptation of OPAS into Turkish to reach different age groups and backgrounds, widening the use of OPAS on patients who underwent an ophthalmic operation.

Methods: We used back-translation method and achieved cultural adaptation through content validity scoring by 5 independent ophthalmologists.

Evaluation of Vision-Related Quality of Life After Unilateral Implantation of a New Trifocal Intraocular Lens.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate visual performance and subjective quality of life after unilateral implantation of a new trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) in young and middle-aged patients.

Methods: Patients that underwent unilateral cataract surgery with implantation of trifocal TFNT00 IOL with an emmetropic fellow eye were included in the study. Vision related daily activity performance was evaluated in postoperative 6th month.

Longitudinal Comparative Analysis of Semi-Automated Aqueous Flare Measurements with Clinical Grading and Visual Outcomes in Uveitic Eyes.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between longitudinal changes in aqueous flare measured by laser flare photometer (LFP), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and clinical grade using both Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) and modified SUN (MSUN) scales uveitis patients.

Methods: Patients were classified according to both SUN and MSUN grading scales. LFP measurements were acquired (Kowa FM-700) at each visit.

The Effect of Anterior Segment Depth on the Accuracy of 7 Different Intraocular Lens Calculation Formulas.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of anterior segment depth (ASD; sum of anterior chamber depth and lens thickness) on the accuracy of 7 intraocular lens formulas calculated in patients with axial length (AL) between 22.5 and 24.5 mm.

Comparison of surgically induced astigmatic changes after cataract surgery in post-Laser in situ keratomileusis corneas versus virgin eyes.

Purpose: Postoperative refraction in modern mi-croincision cataract surgery gained extra importance in patients with the previous laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery. The surgically induced astigmatic changes in those eyes may differ not only in magnitude but also in direction compared to virgin corneas. This study aimed to compare the surgically induced astigmatic changes after microscopic cataract surgery between post-LASIK corneas and virgin eyes.

HENLE FIBER LAYER MAPPING WITH DIRECTIONAL OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY.

Purpose: To perform a macular volumetric and topographic analysis of Henle fiber layer (HFL) from retinal scans acquired by directional optical coherence tomography.

Methods: Thirty healthy eyes of 17 subjects were imaged using the Heidelberg spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) with varied horizontal and vertical pupil entry. Manual segmentation of HFL was performed from retinal sections of horizontally and vertically tilted optical coherence tomography images acquired within macular 20 × 20° area.

Comparison of Postoperative Corneal Astigmatism Induced by Two Different Corneal Incisions during Microincisional Cataract Surgery.

Objectives: Clear corneal incision (CCI) architecture in modern microincision cataract surgery (MICS) plays an undeniable role in postoperative refraction. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of hinge incision prior to two-step CCI on postoperative refractive astigmatism after cataract surgery and to demonstrate the schematic presentation of these postoperative astigmatic changes via double-angle polar plots.

Methods: This study involved a consecutive case series of patients who had MICS.

Correlation of Clinical Aqueous Flare Grading to Semi-Automated Flare Measurements Using Laser Flare Photometry.

Purpose: To compare laser flare photometry (LFP) measurements of aqueous flare with Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) and modified SUN grading.

Methods: In this prospective study with multicenter design, uveitis patients were classified according to SUN and modified SUN grading scales. LFP was performed with Kowa FM-700 flaremeter.

Pupil steering holographic display for pre-operative vision screening of cataracts.

Cataract is the most common cause of preventable blindness and vision loss where the only treatment is surgical replacement of the natural lens with an intraocular lens. Computer-generated holography (CGH) enables to control phase, size, and shape of the light beam entering through the eye-pupil. We developed a holographic vision simulator to assess visual acuity for patients to experience the postoperative corrected vision before going through surgery.

Comparative Analysis of a New Hybrid EDOF-Multifocal Diffractive Intraocular Lens with a Trifocal Diffractive Intraocular Lens.

Purpose: To compare visual acuity, defocus curve and visual quality of life performances of a new hybrid refractive-diffractive intraocular lens (IOL) and a trifocal diffractive IOL.

Methods: Patients who underwent cataract surgery with bilateral implantation of ZFR00V or TFNT00 IOLs were enrolled in this study. The main outcomes were defined as uncorrected distant, intermediate and near visual acuities (UDVA, UIVA and UNVA, respectively), defocus curve and VF-14 questionnaire aimed for visual performance.

Astigmatic Vectorial Analysis in Pediatric Keratoconus After Unilateral Cross-Linking Treatment.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the treatment response of pediatric keratoconus (KC) patients to unilateral corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in treated eyes, disease progression in untreated eyes, and define the predictive value of astigmatic parameters by astigmatic vectorial analysis.

Methods: Pediatric patients with KC with CXL-treated progressive eye and untreated fellow eye were included. Patients with other ocular conditions and a history of previous ocular surgery were excluded.

Visual acuity, defocus curve and patient satisfaction of a new hybrid EDOF-multifocal diffractive intraocular lens.

To evaluate the visual acuity, defocus curve and visual quality of life following bilateral implantation of a new hybrid extended depth of focus (EDOF)-multifocal diffractive intraocular lens (IOL). Patients who underwent cataract surgery with bilateral implantation of Tecnis Synergy IOL were enrolled in this study. The main outcomes were defined as uncorrected distant, intermediate and near visual acuities (UDVA, UIVA and UNVA, respectively), defocus curve and VF-14 questionnaire aimed for visual performance.