Thoracic aortic vascular graft infection: outcome after conservative treatment without graft removal.

Objectives: Surgical debridement with aortic graft removal is considered the preferred treatment for thoracic aortic vascular graft infection (VGI). Conservative treatment with antibiotics only is usually reserved for inoperable patients. Due to Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT) and better understanding of the antibiotic impact on biofilms, long-term targeted antibiotic therapy without graft removal may be an alternative treatment option for selected thoracic aortic VGI patients.

How Does Behavioural Activation Work? A Systematic Review of the Evidence on Potential Mediators.

Introduction: Behavioural activation is an effective treatment for depression, but little is known about its working mechanisms. Theoretically, its effect is thought to rely on an interplay between activation and environmental reward.

Objective: The present systematic review examines the mediators of behavioural activation for depression.