Stapled versus hand-sewn anastomoses after bowel resection in patients with crohn disease.

Background: Anastomosis configuration is an essential step in treatment to restore continuity of the gastrointestinal tract following bowel resection in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). However, the association between anastomotic type and surgical outcome remains controversial. This retrospective study aimed to compare early postoperative complications and surgical outcome between stapler and handsewn anastomosis after bowel resection in Crohn's disease.

Effect of immunosuppressive medication on postoperative complications following abdominal surgery in Crohn's disease patients.

Background: Immunosuppressants represent an effective pharmacological treatment for the remission and management of Crohn's disease (CD); however, it has not been well-defined if these medications are associated with an increased incidence of postoperative complications after intestinal surgery. This retrospective study evaluated the association between immunosuppressive treatment and complications following bowel resection in patients with CD.

Methods: A total of 426 patients with CD who underwent abdominal surgery between 2001 and 2018 were included in the study.

A population pharmacokinetic model for escitalopram and its major metabolite in depressive patients during the perinatal period: Prediction of infant drug exposure through breast milk.

Background And Objectives: Escitalopram (SCIT) is frequently prescribed to breastfeeding women. Available information on SCIT excretion into breast milk is based on heterogeneous and incomplete data. A population pharmacokinetic model that aimed to better characterize maternal and infant exposure to SCIT and its metabolite was developed.

Risk-benefit balance assessment of SSRI antidepressant use during pregnancy and lactation based on best available evidence.

Introduction: Psychiatric disorders are among the leading causes of disability in Western societies. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most frequently prescribed antidepressant drugs during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Over the last decade, conflicting findings regarding the safety of SSRI drugs during pregnancy and lactation have questioned whether such treatments should be used during this period.

Bifidobacterium longum bacteremia in preterm infants receiving probiotics.

Administration of probiotics to premature newborns has been shown to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis and reduce all-cause mortality. In our hospital, we documented 2 cases of Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis bacteremia in newborns receiving probiotics. By comparative genomics, we confirmed that the strains isolated from each patient originated from the probiotics.

Reduction in the use of diagnostic tests in infants with risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis does not delay antibiotic treatment.

Background: Despite a low positive predictive value, diagnostic tests such as complete blood count (CBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are commonly used to evaluate whether infants with risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) should be treated with antibiotics.

Study Design: We investigated the impact of implementing a protocol aiming at reducing the number of diagnostic tests in infants with risk factors for EOS in order to compare the diagnostic performance of repeated clinical examination with CBC and CRP measurement. The primary outcome was the time between birth and the first dose of antibiotics in infants treated for suspected EOS.

Early parenteral lipids and growth velocity in extremely-low-birth-weight infants.

Background & Aims: Whether early parenteral lipids improve postnatal growth of preterm neonates remains unclear. We aimed to assess the effects of parenteral lipids on growth velocity in extremely-low-birth-weight infants.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 121 extremely-low-birth-weight infants.

Phthalates in the NICU: is it safe?

Aims: As growing concerns exist regarding phthalate exposure, which could be teratogenic, carcinogenic or induce reproductive toxicity, we aimed to review the evidence of the risks due to the use of medical devices containing di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in hospitalized neonates.

Methods: We reviewed the literature, searching through medical literature databases (Pubmed, MEDLINE, EBM reviews, Cochrane database, Embase and Google Scholar) using the following keywords: phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, newborn and neonate.

Results: We identified several associations with short and long term health dangers, mainly subfertility, broncho-pulmonary dysplasia, necrotising enterocolitis, parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis and neuro-developmental disorders.

Doxapram and hypokalaemia in very preterm infants.

Background: We observed two preterm infants who developed severe hypokalaemia following doxapram. We therefore wished to review the possible association between doxapram and severe hypokalaemia.

Study Design: A retrospective study of preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestation and hospitalised in our intensive care unit in 2004.

Nasal trauma due to continuous positive airway pressure in neonates.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence and severity of nasal trauma secondary to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in neonates.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.