The comparison of ultrasound-guided ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block and pre-incision wound infiltration for pediatric inguinal hernia repair: A prospective randomized clinical study.

Objectives: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common daily surgeries performed in pediatrics. This prospective randomized clinical trial aims to compare ultrasound (USG)-guided ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric (IL/IH) nerve block and pre-incisional wound infiltration (PWI) in terms of post-operative analgesia on pediatric unilateral inguinal hernia repair.

Methods: After receiving ethics committee approval, 65 children aged 1-6 years who had unilateral inguinal hernia repair were allocated to USG-guided IL/IH nerve block (group IL/IH, n=32) and (group PWI, n=33).

The use of granisetron on bupivacaine induced sciatic nerve block in rats.

Purpose: The effects of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT3) receptor antagonists on regional anaesthesia are complex and unclear. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that granisetron, a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, would decrease the duration of motor block, sensory block, and proprioception in a dose-dependent fashion in a rat model of bupivacaine-induced sciatic nerve blockade.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-eight male Wistar Albino rats that received unilateral sciatic nerve blocks were randomly divided into five experimental groups.

Effect of Obesity on the Recovery Profile After General Anesthesia in Children: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Obesity has become a serious problem not only in adult patients but also in pediatric patients.

Aim: To evaluate whether obesity affects the recovery profile after general anesthesia in children.

Participants: 40 children (aged 2-12 years) who underwent surgery under general anesthesia and had an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical I and II.

The reversing effect of ondansetron on bupivacaine-induced sciatic nerve block.

Background And Aims: This experimental study was designed to test the hypothesis that ondansetron, a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, would decrease the duration of motor, sensory, and proprioception blockade in a dose-dependent fashion in a bupivacaine-induced sciatic nerve blockade.

Materials And Methods: Forty-nine male Wistar Albino rats who underwent unilateral sciatic nerve block were divided into seven groups with an equal number in each group. Group B: only perineural block (PB), Group BO200: PB and perineural 200 μg ondansetron, Group BO400: PB and perineural 400 μg ondansetron, Group BO800: PB and perineural 800 μg ondansetron, Group BO800IP: PB and intraperitoneal 800 μg ondansetron, Group O800: only perineural 800 μg ondansetron, Group S: sham-operated.

Evaluation of personalized methylprednisolone therapy in critically ill COVID-19 patients: an observational comparative study using real-life data.

Objective: Methylprednisolone is commonly used to attenuate the cytokine storm and prevent mortality in COVID-19 pneumonia. However, the optimal methylprednisolone dose and duration are unclear. Additional data are required on the effectiveness of methylprednisolone in reducing mortality in COVID-19.

Clinical Outcomes and Independent Risk Factors for 90-Day Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Respiratory Failure Infected with SARS-CoV-2: A Multicenter Study in Turkish Intensive Care Units.

Background: There are limited data on the long-term outcomes of COVID-19 from different parts of the world.

Aims: To determine risk factors of 90-day mortality in critically ill patients in Turkish intensive care units (ICUs), with respiratory failure.

Study Design: Retrospective, observational cohort.

A comparative randomized trial of intubation success in difficult intubation cases: the use of a Frova intubation catheter versus a Bonfils intubation fiberoscope.

Introduction: A difficult airway is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in patients who undergo surgical interventions. Therefore, many devices and algorithms have been developed for the management of a difficult airway. However no study has been conducted comparing Frova catheter (FC) and a Bonfils fiberoscope (BF) to date.

Ultrasound-guided adductor canal block using levobupivacaine versus periarticular levobupivacaine infiltration after totalknee arthroplasty: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Both postoperative pain control and range of motion are important in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, in the literature, there is little comparison of peripheral nerve blocks and periarticular infiltration techniques using levobupivacaine. The aim of our study was to measure pain with visual analogue scale (VAS) and knee range of motion (ROM) between in patients undergoing adductor canal block (ACB) for TKA using levobupivacaine compared to periarticular levobupivacaine infiltration (PAI-L).

Estimating the Lumbar Puncture Needle Depth in Children.

Lumbar puncture's (LP) success is dependent on the skill of the physician, anatomy, size, and posture of the patient. The purpose of this study was to describe a method that could be used to help estimate the correct depth of needle (Y) insertion in children based on age, weight (W), and height (H). The study consisted of 200 children American Society of Anesthesiologist class I-II aged 0-12 years who underwent spinal block for orthopedic, pediatric, and genitourinary surgery.

In vitro vasoactive effects of dexmedetomidine on isolated human umbilical arteries.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the vasoactive effects of dexmedetomidine on isolated human umbilical arteries and possible mechanisms involved.

Methods: Human umbilical artery strips were suspended in Krebs-Henseleit solution and dose-response curves were obtained for cumulative dexmedetomidine before and after incubation with different agents; propranolol, atropine, yohimbine, prazosin, indomethacin, verapamil. Effects of calcium on cumulative dexmedetomidine-induced contractions were also studied.

The Relationship Between Vasoactive-Inotropic Score and Mortality in Adult Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.

Aim: To assess the feasibility of the vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) in determining the amount of vasoactive support and its relationship with the mortality rate and characteristics of the patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Material And Methods: This study was conducted with a retrospective design involving the years 2013-2018 in a university hospital which provides tertiary intensive care service. A total of 102 patients who were admitted in the ICU with the diagnosis of severe TBI, and also were followed by neurosurgery service and who received vasoactive and inotropic support were analyzed concerning VIS value.

Comparison of Glasgow Coma Scale and Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (Four) Score: A Prospective Study.

Aim: To assess reliability by comparing the Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) scores and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) values assigned by specialists from two different fields to patients in the Anesthesiology and Reanimation and Neurosurgery intensive care units.

Material And Methods: This study was conducted between March 2017 and June 2017 at Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Anesthesiology and Reanimation and Neurosurgery. Seventy-nine patients aged 18-65 years who were treated for at least 24 hours in the intensive care unit were independently assessed by two raters, an anesthesiologist and a neurosurgeon,using FOUR and GCS.

Neostigmine treatment protocols applied in acute colonic pseudo-obstruction disease: A retrospective comparative study.

Background/aims: When conservative methods fail, neostigmine is recommended in the pharmacological treatment of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO). The objective of this study was to analyze the response of patients to different neostigmine protocols.

Materials And Methods: Patients diagnosed with ACPO in the intensive care unit between January 2015 and September 2017 were retrospectively studied.

Postconditioning Ozone Alleviates Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Enhances Flap Endurance in Rats.

: Muscle-flap transferring is a routine approach utilized in reconstructive operations; however, flap morbidity is often a source of post-operative difficulty. Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is an important contributor to the viability of flaps after transferring. The goal of this research was for assess the probable useful impacts of ozone on flap survival in a rat muscle-flap design.

The effects of spinal anesthesia on auditory function in pediatric patients.

Objectives: Persistent or transient hearing loss (HL) is a less-recognized complication of spinal anesthesia (SA) in the pediatric population, although it has been previously reported in adults. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SA on auditory function in the pediatric population.

Methods: After gaining institutional approval and parental consent, 30 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II children between 4 and 15 years undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgery were enrolled in this prospective study.

The effectiveness of trendelenburg positioning on the cross-sectional area of the right internal jugular vein in obese patients.

Objective: Trendelenburg positioning is a common approach used during internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation. No evidence indicates that Trendelenburg positioning significantly increases the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the IJV in obese patients. The primary aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Trendelenburg positioning on the CSA of the right internal jugular vein assessed with ultrasound measurement in obese patients.

Ultrasound validation of Trendelenburg positioning to increase internal jugular vein cross-sectional area in chronic dialysis patients.

Background And Aim: Trendelenburg positioning (TP) is a common approach used during internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation. No evidence indicates that TP significantly increases the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the IJV or decreases the overlap between the carotid artery (CA) and the IJV in dialysis patients. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the TP on the CSA of the right IJV and on its relationship to the CA.

Selective Low-Dose Spinal Anesthesia for Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: A Prospective and Randomized Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the use of spinal anesthesia by reducing anesthetic agent dose to provide better analgesia with minimal side effects without sacrificing the outpatient setting for prostate biopsy. In this study, efficacy and tolerability of selective low-dose spinal anesthesia versus intrarectal local anesthesia (IRLA) plus periprostatic nerve blockade (PPNB) were compared.

Methods: Between September 2012 and April 2013, 100 patients, aged 40 to 80 years, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≥4 ng/mL, abnormal digital rectal examinations, and enrolled for biopsy were included in the present study.

Spinal anaesthesia for orthopaedic surgery in children with cerebral palsy: Analysis of 36 patients.

Background And Objective: Cerebral palsy is one of the most common childhood neuromuscular diseases in the world. Spinal anaesthesia in children is an evolving technique with many advantages in perioperative management. The aim of this retrospective study was to provide first-hand reports of children with cerebral palsy who underwent orthopaedic surgery under spinal anaesthesia.

Renal effects of coronary artery bypass graft surgery in diabetic and non-diabetic patients: a study with urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and serum cystatin C.

Background/aims: Cardiac surgery and diabetes are major causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). We aimed to investigate the value of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and serum cystatin C, as early biomarkers for prediction of AKI in diabetic and non-diabetic adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: 15 non-diabetic and 15 diabetic adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery were enrolled.

Pulsed Radiofrequency of Dorsal Root Ganglia for the Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in an Adolescent with Poliomyelitis Sequel: A Case Report.

Objective: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful and disabling syndrome in which the patient presents with neuropathic pain, edema, or vasomotor or pseudomotor abnormalities that are often refractory to treatment. Polio paralysis is caused by the damage or destruction of motor neurons in the spine, which lead to corresponding muscle paralysis. This report is a case report on the application of a pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) current to dorsal root ganglia (DRG) for the treatment of CRPS type 1 in an adolescent patient.

An alternative treatment approach in tetanus: Botulinum toxin.

Tetanus is a preventable infectious disease caused by tetanus toxin (tetanospasmin) produced by Clostridium tetani. Tetanus is still an important health problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Botulinum toxin administration is a treatment approach that has been used in recent years to reduce rigidity and spasms in tetanus patients.